[PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY IN THE TIME OF CORONA].

Symptomatic coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection usually presents with upper airway symptoms, but may lead to complications, such as pneumonia and involvement of other organs, or even death. Children often have a mild clinical course or may be asymptomatic, however, a severe complication of multisystem inflammatory syndrome has been described in rare cases. In severe COVID-19 infection, acute kidney injury may manifest even in children without comorbidities.

From the "what" to the "how": Teaching integrative medicine-related skills to medical students during COVID-19.

Objective: To examine the impact of an integrative medicine (IM) course on self-perceived IM-related communication and research skills.

Methods: A 3-day mandatory "hybrid" (online and in-person) IM course was held within COVID-19 restrictions for 161 pre-clerkship medical students, with workshops facilitated by mentor healthcare professionals (IM and non-IM) and student-directed tasks. Self-perceived levels of 6 IM-related skills were scored (from 1 to 5) for history-taking; communicating with patients with "alternative" health-beliefs; referral to IM consultations; assessing risks/benefits; and working with non-medical IM practitioners.

Effect of Music Selection on Anxiety Level during Intravitreal Injections for Individuals of Varying Cultures.

Purpose: To investigate music selection as a treatment for anxiety during Intravitreal injections (IVI) for individuals of varying cultures.

Methods: 106 individuals were enrolled in this randomized controlled study. Individuals were randomized into one to three categories: (1) a control group in which the IVI procedure was performed without music (n = 35), (2) an experimental group in which the music was selected by the physician (n = 36), (3) an experimental group in which the music was selected by the patient (n = 35).

Muscarinic regulation of the neuronal Na /K -ATPase in rat hippocampus.

Key Points: Stimulation of postsynaptic muscarinic receptors was shown to excite principal hippocampal neurons by modulating several membrane ion conductances. We show here that activation of postsynaptic muscarinic receptors also causes neuronal excitation by inhibiting Na /K -ATPase activity. Muscarinic Na /K -ATPase inhibition is mediated by two separate signalling pathways that lead downstream to enhanced Na /K -ATPase phosphorylation by activating protein kinase C and protein kinase G.

Interest in technology among medical students early in their clinical experience.

Background: The world is in the midst of the "digital" revolution characterized by the ascendency of computerization, information systems and artificial intelligence with an emphasis on innovation and creativity. This revolution has affected current medical practice and promises to significantly impact it in the future. This requires physician's understanding and participation in adopting such technology.

Artifactual Visual Field Defects Identified on Technically "Reliable" Visual Field Studies in a Neuro-Ophthalmology Practice.

Purpose: To assess the reliability of automated visual field studies with neurological abnormalities and normal reliability indices that were inconsistent with the remainder of the neuro-ophthalmic assessment.

Methods: Retrospective observational study from the clinical practice of a neuro-ophthalmologist at a tertiary referral center.

Results: From 2230 patient charts, ten cases were identified that met the inclusion criteria.

Cytomegalovirus seroconversion in pregnant army personnel of the Israel Defense Forces: Trends and risk factors.

Objective: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) seroconversion in pregnancy is a major health issue with potentially devastating fetal consequences. We opted to determine rates and trends of CMV seroconversion in pregnant army personnel and to isolate risk factors.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, all pregnancies of army personnel between 2009 and 2019 were evaluated (n = 10 409) and all pregnancies with CMV laboratory records were included.

Bupivacaine-eluting soy protein structures for controlled release and localized pain relief: An in vitro and in vivo study.

Burn pain is known to be excruciating, and while burn care has greatly advanced, treatment for burn-related pain is lacking. Current pain relief methods include systemic administration of analgesics, which does not provide high drug concentration at the wound site. In the present study, soy protein was used as the base material for bupivacaine-loaded hybrid wound dressings.

Photobiomodulation (low-level laser) therapy for immediate pain relief of persistent oral ulcers in chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Purpose: To determine the immediate pain-relieving effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMt) in patients with oral ulcers of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) refractory to first line therapy with topical corticosteroids.

Methods: This retrospective study included all patients who underwent PBMt for pain relief of refractory oral cGVHD lesions. PBMt was applied using an intraoral approach to all sites with mucosal lesions, using a 940 nm InGaAsP diode laser device, with the following parameters: pulsed modulation (duty cycle of 50%), power 0.

Polycations and polyanions in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

We hypothesize that polycations, such as nuclear histones, released by neutrophils COVID-19 aggravate COVID-19 by multiple mechanisms: (A) Neutralization of the electrostatic repulsion between the virus particles and the cell membrane, thereby enhancing receptor-mediated entry. (B) Binding to the virus particles, thereby inducing opsonin-mediated endocytosis. (C) Adding to the cytotoxicity, in conjunction with oxidants, cytokines and other pro-inflammatory substances secreted by cells of the innate immunity system.

Assessment of jaw osteonecrosis diagnostic criteria in cancer patients with a history of radiation therapy and exposure to bone-modifying agents.

Background: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaw is currently defined by the development of osteonecrosis in head/neck irradiated patients, regardless of lesion exposure. To diagnose medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), a history of any radiation therapy to the jaw region must be ruled out. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of current osteonecrosis criteria, while introducing new modifications for improved diagnosis and treatment.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Intravitreal Injection Compliance.

Intravitreal injections (IVI) of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents have become the most prevalent intraocular procedure as they represent the major therapeutic modality for prevalent retinal conditions such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy. Effective therapy requires adherence to a schedule of iterative IVI as well as routine clinic appointments. The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in the reduction of attendance at scheduled clinic visits and IVI.

The Input-Output Relation of Primary Nociceptive Neurons is Determined by the Morphology of the Peripheral Nociceptive Terminals.

The output from the peripheral terminals of primary nociceptive neurons, which detect and encode the information regarding noxious stimuli, is crucial in determining pain sensation. The nociceptive terminal endings are morphologically complex structures assembled from multiple branches of different geometry, which converge in a variety of forms to create the terminal tree. The output of a single terminal is defined by the properties of the transducer channels producing the generation potentials and voltage-gated channels, translating the generation potentials into action potential (AP) firing.

Empyema Necessitans Diagnosed by Point-of-Care Ultrasound.

Background: Empyema necessitans is a rare complication of pleural empyema characterized by the dissection of pus through the soft tissues of the chest wall and eventually through the skin. The skin manifestation may appear as a superficial abscess.

Case Report: A 63-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with a chief complaint of dyspnea, dry cough, and a cutaneous nodule on her right chest wall.

Severe pediatric war trauma: A military-civilian collaboration from retrieval to repatriation.

Background: Modern conflicts take a disproportionate and increasing toll on civilians and children. Since 2013, hundreds of Syrian children have fled to the Israeli border. Severely injured children were triaged for military airborne transport and brought to civilian trauma centers in Israel.

Ocular involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a clinical and molecular analysis.

Purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a global pandemic with millions infected worldwide. Little is known on the ocular involvement associated with the disease. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and molecular ocular involvement among patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary care facility.

Intrapartum fetal monitoring and perinatal risk factors of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Background: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in term infants, is a major cause of neonatal mortality and severe neurologic disability.

Objectives: To identify in labor fetal monitoring characteristic patterns and perinatal factors associated with neonatal HIE.

Study Design: Single-center retrospective case-control study between 2010 and 2017.

Characteristics of Streptococcus pyogenes Versus Streptococcus pneumoniae Pleural Empyema and Pneumonia With Pleural Effusion in Children.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of complicated pneumonia in children, but its incidence is decreasing since the introduction of the antipneumococcal conjugated vaccines. Streptococcus pyogenes is an uncommon cause of community-acquired pleuropneumonia/empyema in children, but its relative incidence is rising.

Methods: The medical records of all children 0-18 years of age from 2004 to 2019, with discharge diagnoses of pleuropneumonia or empyema, and a positive blood and/or pleural effusion culture for group A streptococcus (GAS) (S.

Oral verruciform xanthoma in chronic graft-versus-host disease patients.

Background: Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is an uncommon benign epithelial lesion which mainly appears in inflamed oral epithelium. In this study, our aim was to present new cases of oral VX (OVX) in chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) and review the literature.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of cGVHD patients (2012-2019) to reveal cases of OVX.

A Noninvasive Stroke Volume Monitoring for Early Detection of Minimal Blood Loss: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Alternation in traditional vital signs can only be observed during advanced stages of hypovolemia and shortly before the hemodynamic collapse. However, even minimal blood loss induces a decrease in the cardiac preload which translates to a decrease in stroke volume, but these indices are not readily monitored. We aimed to determine whether minor hemodynamic alternations induced by controlled and standardized hypovolemia can be detected by a whole-body bio-impedance technology.

Agreement Between Ti-RADS Classification and Bethesda Cytopathological Findings from Thyroid Nodules in Young Adults.

Introduction: Thyroid nodules are common in young adults. We sought to compare the sonographic characteristics (thyroid imaging reporting and data system [Ti-RADS] classification) with the reported cytological results (Bethesda categories) from thyroid nodules in young recruits and examine the efficiency of our unique multidisciplinary clinic.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective cohort, we identified young recruits (18-25 years) who underwent needle biopsies for asymptomatic thyroid nodule(s), with cytology reports of Bethesda categories II-V, performed in our "Rapid Diagnostic Service" at a large Israeli Defense Forces Medical Corps healthcare facility, between 2013 and 2018.

What can be learned from crude intensive care unit mortality? Methodological implications.

Purpose: Demonstrate the practical range of information that can be obtained about ICU mortality/survival from limited administrative data.

Materials And Methods: Prospectively collected administrative data (length-of stay, survival/mortality, referring service) from a university medical center's General ICU was subjected to retrospective analysis to demonstrate ways of presenting and analyzing mortality/survival information.

Results: 16,022 patients (87,624 patient-days) admitted over 23 years were included.