Identification of Yeast Strain YA176 for Bio-Purification of Soy Molasses to Produce Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides and Optimization of Fermentation Conditions.

Soybean molasses, which contains high levels of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) such as stachyose and raffinose, is subjected to a process of bio-purification to remove sucrose while maintaining the RFOs, consequently increasing its value. This study employed morphological observation, physiological and biochemical studies, and molecular biology techniques to identify YA176, a yeast strain renowned for its effective bio-purification of soy molasses. Through single-factor and orthogonal experiments, optimal bio-purification conditions were established.

An Acid-Responsive Fluorescent Molecule for Erasable Anti-Counterfeiting.

A tetraphenylethylene (TPE) derivative, TPEPhDAT, modified by diaminotriazine (DAT), was prepared by successive Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and ring-closing reactions. This compound exhibits aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties in the DMSO/MeOH system, with a fluorescence emission intensity in the aggregated state that is 5-fold higher than that of its counterpart in a dilute solution. Moreover, the DAT structure of the molecule is a good acceptor of protons; thus, the TPEPhDAT molecule exhibits acid-responsive fluorescence.

Leg Attachment Devices of Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae) and Their Relationship to Their Habitat Preferences.

The ability of many insects to adhere vertically or even upside down to smooth substrates is closely related to the morphology and distribution of the adhesive structures on their legs. During locomotion, the legs are in direct contact with different substrates, and it is hypothesized that the adhesive structures have been evolved as an adaption to smooth substrates in specific environments. To investigate whether there is a relationship between the presence of adhesive structures and the combined effects of different environments and mating behavior, we compared five species of tiger beetles belonging to two tribes living in arboreal and non-arboreal environments, respectively.

Response of Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Six Desert Shrubs to Different Moisture Levels under Greenhouse Conditions.

Moisture is the most important environmental factor limiting seed regeneration of shrubs in desert areas. Therefore, understanding the effects of moisture changes on seed germination, morphological and physiological traits of shrubs is essential for vegetation restoration in desert areas. In March to June 2023, in a greenhouse using the potting method, we tested the effects of soil moisture changes (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) on seed germination and seedling growth of six desert shrubs (, , , , , and ).

Evolution and driving mechanism of multiple ecosystem services in resource-based region of Northern China.

Understanding the spatiotemporal characteristics and comprehensive service capabilities of various ecosystem services is crucial for maintaining regional ecosystem security, and clarifying the driving mechanisms of ecosystem services plays a guarantee for achieving regional sustainable development. Based on the ecological issues of Shanxi Province (SXP) in China, an assessment system covering eight targeted ecosystem services were constructed to quantitatively analyze the spatio-temporal patterns and contribution rates of driving factors. The water conservation, sand fixation, environment purification and habitat quality in the Loess Hills of western SXP have improved, with significant increase in hotspots.

Fabrication, spectroscopic and photofunctional studies of layered lutetium-dysprosium hydroxides.

The spectroscopic studies of layered rare-earth hydroxides (LRHs) have aroused great interests owing to the unique features of combing rare-earth ions with diverse anions. In this work, some anions were incorporated into layered lutetium-dysprosium hydroxides (LLuH:Dy) by the hydrothermal and ion exchange process, in which Dy ion acted as the emission center. The results manifest that the assemblies possess clearly lamellar structure and flake shape, and emit the characteristic yellow and blue light of Dy under ultraviolet excitation.

GLP-1 receptor agonist-induced diabetic ketoacidosis: A case report.

Rationale: Glucagon-like peptide-1 is an endogenous incretin that plays an active role in weight loss and hypoglycemia. Dulaglutide is a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), which has been approved for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). GLP-1RAs can increase insulin secretion and inhibit glucagon release, thereby leading to a decrease in blood glucose levels within the body.

Precise Regulation of Interlayer Stacking Modes in Trinuclear Copper Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photocatalytic Reduction of Uranium(VI).

The interlayer stacking modes of 2D covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) directly influence their structural features, ultimately determining their functional output. However, controllably modulating the interlayer stacking structure in traditional 2D metal-free COFs, based on the same building blocks, remains challenging. Here, two trinuclear copper organic frameworks are synthesized successfully with different interlayer stacking structures: eclipsed AA stacking in Cu-PA-COF-AA and staggered ABC stacking in Cu-PA-COF-ABC, using the same monomers.

Brain markers of subtraction and multiplication skills in childhood: task-based functional connectivity and individualized structural similarity.

Arithmetic, a high-order cognitive ability, show marked individual difference over development. Despite recent advancements in neuroimaging techniques have enabled the identification of brain markers for individual differences in high-order cognitive abilities, it remains largely unknown about the brain markers for arithmetic. This study used a data-driven connectome-based prediction model to identify brain markers of arithmetic skills from arithmetic-state functional connectivity and individualized structural similarity in 132 children aged 8 to 15 years.

Investigate potential clinical benefits and linear energy transfer sparing utilizing proton arc therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: To investigate the potential clinical benefits and dose-averaged Linear Energy Transfer (LET) sparing, utilizing proton arc plan for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in comparison with Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy (IMPT).

Methods: Ten HCC patients have been retrospectively selected. Two planning groups were created: Proton Arc plans using Monaco ver.

Stochastic processes drive the dynamic assembly of bacterial communities in afforested soils.

Introduction: This study investigates the dynamic shifts in soil bacterial communities within a afforested ecosystem transitioning from agricultural land. Understanding the temporal variability in bacterial diversity and community structures is crucial for informing forest management and conservation strategies, particularly in regions undergoing afforestation.

Methods: We employed high-throughput sequencing across three distinct months (August, September, and October) to analyze the temporal variability in bacterial community composition and diversity.

Superconductivity in Diamond-Like BC.

Advancing the compositional space of a compound class can result in intriguing superconductors, such as LaH. Herein, we performed a comprehensive first-principles structural search on a binary B-C system with various chemical compositions. The identified diamond-like BC, named -BC, is thermodynamically superior to the synthesized BC and BC.

Tracking Carbon and Ammonia Emission Flows of China's Nitrogen Fertilizer System: Implications for Domestic and International Trade.

China is the world's largest producer, consumer, and exporter of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer. To assess the impact of domestic demand and international exports, we quantified the life-cycle COeq and ammonia (NH) emissions by tracking carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) flows from coal/gas mining through ammonia production to N fertilizer production, application, and export. In 2020, China's N fertilizer system emitted 496.

Discovery of new pesticide candidates from nature: design, synthesis and bioactivity research of rutaecarpine derivatives.

Background: The invasion of viruses and fungi can cause pathological changes in the normal growth of plants and is an important factor in causing plant infectious diseases. These pathogenic microorganisms can also secrete toxic metabolites, affecting crop quality and posing a threat to human health. In this work, we selected the natural product rutaecarpine as the lead compound to achieve the total synthesis and structural derivation.

Word concreteness modulates bilingual language control during reading comprehension.

Controversies persist in the literature regarding the existence of bilingual language control during comprehension, which may be attributed to overlooking the modulating effect of word concreteness. To test this hypothesis, we conducted an experiment using abstract and concrete words, thereby manipulating the activation level of the nontarget language. Sixty Chinese-English bilinguals were instructed to switch between two languages in word reading tasks.

Dynamic Asymmetric Diamination of Allylic Alcohols through Borrowing Hydrogen Catalysis: Diastereo-Divergent Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzodiazepines.

We present herein a catalytic enantioconvergent diamination of racemic allylic alcohols with the construction of two C-N bonds and 1,3-nonadjacent stereocenters. This iridium/chiral phosphoric acid cooperative catalytic system operates through an atom-economical borrowing hydrogen amination/aza-Michael cascade, and converts readily available phenylenediamines and racemic allylic alcohols to 1,5-tetrahydrobenzodiazepines in high enantioselectivity. An intriguing solvent-dependent switch of diastereoselectivity was also observed.

In Situ Ligand-Transformation-Assisted Assembly of a Polyoxometalate and Silver-Phosphine Oxide Cluster for Colorimetric Detection of Phenol Contaminants.

In situ ligand transformation strategies represent an efficient pathway for constructing function-oriented polyoxometalate (POM)-based crystalline materials. Herein, three POM-based hybrid networks were synthesized through in situ transformation of the phosphine ligand, formulated as [Ag(dppeo)][HPMoO]·5HO (), [Ag(dedpo)][SiWO]·6HO (), and [Ag(dppeo)][PWO]·3HO () (dedpo = (2-(diphenylphosphaneyl)ethyl)diphenylphosphine oxide; dppeo = ethane-1,2-diylbis(diphenylphosphine oxide)). During the synthesis of these compounds, the 1,2-diphenylphosphine ethane molecule underwent in situ oxidation, transforming into dppeo and dedpo ligands, respectively.

An Overview of the Deubiquitinase USP53: A Promising Diagnostic Marker and Therapeutic Target.

Ubiquitination and deubiquitination are important mechanisms to maintain normal physiological activities, and their disorders or imbalances can lead to various diseases. As a subgroup of deubiquitinases (DUBs), the ubiquitin-specific peptidase (USP) family is closely related to many biological processes. USP53, one of the family members, is widely expressed in human tissues and participates in a variety of life activities, such as cell apoptosis, nerve transmission, and bone remodeling.