Targeting Brain Drug Delivery with Macromolecules Through Receptor-Mediated Transcytosis.

Brain diseases pose significant treatment challenges due to the restrictive nature of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Recent advances in targeting macromolecules offer promising avenues for overcoming these obstacles through receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT). We summarize the current progress in targeting brain drug delivery with macromolecules for brain diseases.

Research on the Aging Characteristics of Simulated Asphalt Within Pavement Structures in Natural Environments.

The global asphalt production growth rate exceeded 10% in the past decade, and over 90% of the world's road surfaces are generated from asphalt materials. Therefore, the issue of asphalt aging has been widely researched. In this study, the aging of asphalt thin films under various natural conditions was studied to prevent the distortion of indoor simulated aging and to prevent the extraction of asphalt samples from road surfaces from impacting the aged asphalt.

Brief Warm and Aldo-Keto Reductase Family Contribute to Cold Adaptation of .

not only damages plant leaves directly but also causes a sooty blotch due to the honeydew secreted by the nymphs and adults. This pest is widespread and seems to be spreading from low latitude to higher latitude areas where winters are typically colder, indicating an increase in its cold tolerance. Changes in temperature help insects to anticipate the arrival of winter, allowing them to take defensive measures in advance.

Identification of Novel 58-5p and Interaction and Effects on Apoptosis of Ovine Ovarian Granulosa Cell.

High concentrations of prolactin (PRL)-induced ovine ovarian granulosa cell (GCs) apoptosis and could aggravate the induced effect. However, the molecular mechanisms that -induced GC apoptosis and repressed steroid hormone secretion remain unclear. In this study, GCs in the P group (GCs with high PRL concentration: 500 ng/mL PRL) and P-10 group (GCs with 500 ng/mL PRL infected by lentiviruses carrying overexpressed sequences of ) were collected for whole-transcriptome analysis.

Successful Traceability of Wildlife Samples Contributes to Wildlife Conservation: A Case Study of Tracing the Snub-Nosed Monkey ( spp.).

Rapid and effective methods for tracing the geographic origin of wildlife samples are essential for tackling the illegal wildlife trade. Traditional morphological categorization methods are often inadequate as relying on the mitochondrial COXI barcode is insufficient for determining geographic populations. To address these limitations, we developed a bioinformatics-based pipeline for the rapid identification of traceable nuclear genome loci.

Natural Bioactive Compounds Exerting Health-Promoting Effects by Ameliorating Oxidative Stress.

Oxidative stress is caused by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors [...

Aptamer-antibody sandwich immunosensor for electrochemical detection of FT4.

An aptamer-antibody sandwich electrochemical immunosensor was studied. FeO/MWCNTs-COOH/Nafion was modified and fixed on a glassy carbon electrode to amplify electrical signals. The antibody was coupled with AuNPs to form conjugates.

Single-cell chromatin accessibility landscape profiling reveals the diversity of epigenetic regulation in the rat nervous system.

The mammalian nervous system controls complex functions through highly specialized and interacting structures. Single-cell sequencing can provide information on cell-type-specific chromatin structure and regulatory elements, revealing differences in chromatin organization between different cell types and their potential roles of these differences in brain function. Here, we generated a chromatin accessibility dataset through single-cell ATAC-seq of 174,593 high-quality nuclei from 16 adult rat brain regions.

[A novel carbonyl reductase for the synthesis of ()-tolvaptan].

Screening carbonyl reductases with the ability to catalyze the reduction of complex carbonyl compounds is of great significance for the biosynthesis of -tolvaptan(-TVP). In this study, the target carbonyl reductase in the crude enzyme extract of rabbit liver was separated, purified, and identified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel-filtration chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, and protein mass spectrometry. With the rabbit liver genome as the template, the gene encoding the carbonyl reductase was amplified by PCR and the recombinant strain was successfully constructed.

Construction of novel hyper-crosslinked polymers with adjustable hydrophilicity for efficient extraction of nitroimidazoles.

To effectively control food safety risks caused by nitroimidazoles (NDZs), a sensitive detection method was established on the basis of a newly-developed solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbent named as Phl-TBM that is a porous polymer prepared by crosslinking natural phloretin with (2,4,6-tris(bromomethyl)mesitylene. The Phl-TBM presented outstanding NDZs adsorption capacity, which can be ascribed to its well-developed porosity and multiple hydrogen bonding sites. With Phl-TBM as SPE sorbent, NDZs were successfully isolated and enriched from lake water, Basa fish, and beef before being assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector.

Preparation of halloysite nanotube-based monolithic column for small molecules and protein analysis.

s: This study aimed to prepare a new separation medium, silane coupling agent KH570- modified halloysite nanotube (MPS-HNT) monolithic column, with excellent separation performance for small molecular compounds and macromolecular proteins. This was prepared using the principle of redox polymerization with modified HNTs as monomers. The optimal monomer proportion was obtained by optimizing the ratio of monomer, cross-linker, and pore-forming agent, which was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption, and mercury intrusion.

Identification of hypertension gene expression biomarkers based on the DeepGCFS algorithm.

Hypertension is a critical risk factor and cause of mortality in cardiovascular diseases, and it remains a global public health issue. Therefore, understanding its mechanisms is essential for treating and preventing hypertension. Gene expression data is an important source for obtaining hypertension biomarkers.

Clinical features of inflammatory arthritis in daily practice-China's perspective.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze and compare the proportion of patients with different types of inflammatory arthritis and investigate the clinical characteristics, including symptoms and signs, medication choices, and disease activity, in the daily clinical practice of China.

Methods: Patients with inflammatory arthritis were recruited from 16 Grade-A tertiary hospitals between August 2021 and April 2022. The medical profiles, encompassing sociodemographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory date, were collected.

Bioactive Steroids with Structural Diversity from the South China Sea Soft Coral sp. and Sponge sp.

A chemical investigation of the soft coral sp. and the sponge sp. from the South China Sea led to the isolation of five steroids, including two new compounds ( and ) and one known natural product ().

Wheat Leaf Rust Effector Pt48115 Localized in the Chloroplasts and Suppressed Wheat Immunity.

Wheat leaf rust caused by () is a prevalent disease worldwide, seriously threatening wheat production. acquires nutrients from host cells via haustoria and secretes effector proteins to modify and regulate the expression of host disease resistance genes, thereby facilitating pathogen growth and reproduction. The study of effector proteins is of great significance for clarifying the pathogenic mechanisms of and effective control of leaf rust.

Genetic Tendency Analysis and Comprehensive Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Leaves and Flowers of Loquat F Generation.

Loquat leaves, flowers, and other organs contain abundant antioxidant substances, which have wide applications in medicine, health, and food industries. This study aims to provide theoretical guidance for loquat hybrid parent and combination selection and a basis for high-quality loquat strain screening and development. For comprehensive antioxidant profiling, we used "Ninghaibai" and "Oobusa" loquat and their F generation as experimental materials to determine the total phenol, flavonoid, DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP content in the leaves and flowers of 56 strains.

bFGF-Chitosan "brain glue" promotes functional recovery after cortical ischemic stroke.

The mammalian brain has an extremely limited ability to regenerate lost neurons and to recover function following ischemic stroke. A biomaterial strategy of slowly-releasing various regeneration-promoting factors to activate endogenous neurogenesis represents a safe and practical neuronal replacement therapy. In this study, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-Chitosan gel is injected into the stroke cavity.

Genetic evidence for the causal effect of clonal hematopoiesis on pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe and progressive cardiovascular disease. While potential links between clonal hematopoiesis (CH) and cardiovascular diseases have been identified, the causal relationship between CH and PAH remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the causal effect of CH on the risk of PAH using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

pH- and glucose-responsive antioxidant hydrogel promotes diabetic wound healing.

Excessive oxidative stress and persistent inflammation are key factors contributing to the formation of diabetic chronic wounds. Delivering antioxidants through a microenvironment-responsive hydrogel system can effectively enhance wound healing and tissue regeneration. In this study, we developed a novel pH- and glucose-responsive hydrogel using Schiff base reaction and phenyl borate group for intelligent antioxidant release.

Highly efficient and convenient QuEChERS using ZIF-67 derived magnetic nanoporous carbon for determination of carbamate pesticides in various vegetable and fruit samples.

Effective and convenient QuEChERS of lipophilic pesticides with wide pK range from strongly pigment-rich food samples remains a great challenge. Here, a ZIF-67 derived magnetic nanoporous carbon (Co@MPC) was firstly proposed for modified QuEChERS of carbamate pesticides (pK 4.3-12.

Effects of benzotriazoles UV-328, UV-329, and UV-P on the self-renewal and adipo-osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells.

Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs) are pervasive environmental contaminants that pose significant risks to human health. This study evaluated the effects of three typical BUVSs (UV-328, UV-329, and UV-P) on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), which play crucial roles in tissue maintenance and repair. hMSCs were exposed to BUVSs across a range of concentrations, and their maintenance and differentiation capacities were assessed.

Retraction Note: Application of big data classification effects based on neural network in video English course and relevant optimization suggestions.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1007/s00500-023-08123-x.].

Arterial stiffness mediates insulin resistance-related risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a real-life, prospective cohort study.

Background: The precise pathways connecting insulin resistance (IR) to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remain undefined. The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of arterial stiffness in the association between IR and ASCVD, providing epidemiology insights into the potential mechanisms driving IR to incident ASCVD.

Methods: A total of 59,777 participants from the Kailuan Study Arterial Stiffness Subcohort who were free of ASCVD at baseline were enrolled in the present study.

Why SbSe/CdS Interface Produces Higher Power Conversion Efficiency.

Developing the Cd-free electron transport layer (ETL) is a crucial subject in the field of antimony selenide (SbSe) solar cells. At present, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the Cd-free SbSe solar cell is still substantially lower than that of CdS-based devices. It is significant to reveal the electron transfer features in SbSe/CdS heterojunction and SbSe/Cd-free ETL heterojunction for development of a Cd-free SbSe solar cell with high PCE.