Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infection and colonization in patients with severe burns: a retrospective cohort study in a single burn center.

Background: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infection and colonization have rarely been reported in patients with severe burns, who are prone to severe bacterial infections. This study aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of CRE infection and colonization in patients with severe burns.

Methods: The characteristics of 106 episodes of CRE acquisition (infection or colonization) in 98 patients with severe burns were evaluated by a retrospective medical record review.

Development and application of a clinical core data set for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease, dystonia or tremor: from data collection to data exchange and data sharing.

Background: Comprehensive clinical data regarding factors influencing the individual disease course of patients with movement disorders treated with deep brain stimulation might help to better understand disease progression and to develop individualized treatment approaches.

Methods: The clinical core data set was developed by a multidisciplinary working group within the German transregional collaborative research network ReTune. The development followed standardized methodology comprising review of available evidence, a consensus process and performance of the first phase of the study.

Association of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) with risk of psoriasis: a cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014.

Background: The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is an emerging marker of inflammation, and the onset of psoriasis is associated with inflammation. The aim of our study was to investigate the potential impact of SII on the incidence rate of adult psoriasis.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 data sets.

Triglyceride-glucose index predicts adverse cardiovascular events in patients with H-type hypertension combined with coronary heart disease: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The triglyceride‒glucose index (TyG index) is a reliable surrogate for insulin resistance (IR) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and is associated with cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have reported that H-type hypertension is likewise a predictor of adverse events in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the relationship between the TyG index and prognosis in patients with H-type hypertension combined with CHD has not yet been reported.

Dioscin pretreatment ameliorates ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of mortality globally, often resulting in irreversible damage to cardiomyocytes. Ferroptosis, a recently identified form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a significant contributor to post-MI cardiac injury. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response has been implicated in exacerbating ferroptosis.

Accuracy of remote, video-based supraventricular tachycardia detection in patients undergoing elective electrical cardioversion: a prospective cohort.

Unobtrusive pulse rate monitoring by continuous video recording, based on remote photoplethysmography (rPPG), might enable early detection of perioperative arrhythmias in general ward patients. However, the accuracy of an rPPG-based machine learning model to monitor the pulse rate during sinus rhythm and arrhythmias is unknown. We conducted a prospective, observational diagnostic study in a cohort with a high prevalence of arrhythmias (patients undergoing elective electrical cardioversion).

Role of PGC-1α in the proliferation and metastasis of malignant tumors.

Malignant tumors are among the major diseases threatening human survival in the world, and advancements in medical technology have led to a steady increase in their detection rates worldwide. Despite unique clinical presentations across the spectrum of malignancies, treatment modalities generally adhere to common strategies, encompassing primarily surgical intervention, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted treatments. Uncovering the genetic elements contributing to cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance remains a pivotal pursuit in the development of novel targeted therapeutics.

Impact of pulmonary artery catheterization in patients with acute myocardial infarction cardiogenic shock.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains one of the most common causes for cardiogenic shock (CS), with high inpatient mortality (40-50 %). Studies have reported the use of pulmonary artery catheters (PACs) in decompensated heart failure, but contemporary data on their use to guide management of AMI-CS and in different SCAI stages of CS are lacking. We investigated the association of PACs and clinical outcomes in AMI-CS.

Vasoplegia in Heart, Lung, or Liver Transplantation: A Narrative Review.

Vasoplegia is a pathophysiologic state of hypotension in the setting of normal or high cardiac output and low systemic vascular resistance despite euvolemia and high-dose vasoconstrictors. Vasoplegia in heart, lung, or liver transplantation is of particular interest because it is common (approximately 29%, 28%, and 11%, respectively), is associated with adverse outcomes, and because the agents used to treat vasoplegia can affect immunosuppressive and other drug metabolism. This narrative review discusses the pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatment of vasoplegia in patients undergoing heart, lung, and liver transplantation.

Timing and Outcomes of PCI in Conjunction With TAVR With Balloon-Expandable Valves.

Background: The optimal timing for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is debatable.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare outcomes based on the timing of PCI in stable coronary artery disease patients undergoing TAVR.

Methods: Leveraging the STS/ACC TVT Registry and Medicare Linkage, we analyzed patients with stable coronary artery disease undergoing PCI and TAVR between 2015 and 2023 using the SAPIEN 3 balloon-expandable valve platform.

Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Hemodialysis: An International, Multicentric Registry.

Background: The net benefit of oral anticoagulation in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis (HD) is uncertain. In recent years, left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) has emerged as an alternative to oral anticoagulation; however, there is scant evidence of LAAC in patients on HD.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of LAAC in patients on HD.

Characterization and Localization of Focal Atrial Tachycardia in Patients With Adult Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: In patients with structurally normal hearts, algorithms using surface electrocardiographic P-wave morphology are helpful to predict focal atrial tachycardia (FAT) location. However, these algorithms have not been formally assessed in patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD).

Objectives: This study sought to assess the efficacy of FAT-location prediction algorithms in an adult population of patients with ACHD.

Risk stratification and exercise recommendations in cardiomyopathies and channelopathies: a practical guide for the multidisciplinary team.

Exercise offers a plethora of health benefits. However, certain genetic and acquired diseases such as cardiomyopathies and channelopathies are associated with sudden cardiac death during exercise. Several factors complicate exercise prescription in individuals living with these conditions.

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Western Australia, 2010-2020.

Objective: To assess the prevalence and trends of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Western Australia (WA) from 2010 to 2020 using linked pathology data.

Design: A retrospective observational cohort study using linked de-identified data from WA pathology providers, hospital morbidity records and mortality records.

Setting: A Western Australian population-based study.

The Protocol for the Multi-Ethnic, multi-centre raNdomised controlled trial of a low-energy Diet for improving functional status in heart failure with Preserved ejection fraction (AMEND Preserved).

Introduction: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterised by severe exercise intolerance, particularly in those living with obesity. Low-energy meal-replacement plans (MRPs) have shown significant weight loss and potential cardiac remodelling benefits. This pragmatic randomised trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of MRP-directed weight loss on exercise intolerance, symptoms, quality of life and cardiovascular remodelling in a multiethnic cohort with obesity and HFpEF.

The influence of microplastics on hypertension-associated cardiovascular injury via the modulation of gut microbiota.

Microplastics (MPs) have been found to interfere with the gut microbiota and compromise the integrity of the gut barrier. Excessive exposure to MPs markedly elevates the risk of cardiovascular disease, yet their influence on hypertension remains elusive, calling for investigation into their potential impacts on blood pressure (BP) regulation. In the present study, an increase in the concentration of MPs was observed in the fecal samples of individuals suffering from hypertension, as compared to the controls.

Anaphylaxis definition, overview, and clinical support tool: 2024 consensus report.

Background: The 2006 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network (NIAID/FAAN) anaphylaxis criteria are widely used in clinical care and research. In 2020, the World Allergy Organization (WAO) published modified criteria that have not been uniformly adopted. Different criteria contribute to inconsistent care and research outcomes.

Non-atherosclerotic coronary causes of myocardial infarction in women.

Ischemic heart disease is the most common cardiovascular cause of death in women worldwide. Obstructive coronary atherosclerosis is the primary cause of myocardial infarction (MI), however, non-atherosclerotic mechanisms of MI, such as spontaneous coronary artery dissection, vasospasm, microvascular dysfunction, embolization, inflammation, coronary anomalies, infectious and infiltrative causes are increasingly being recognized. Emerging data suggest that women are two to five times more likely to have an MI in the absence of coronary atherosclerosis compared to men, but they continue to remain underdiagnosed and undertreated, partly due to underdiagnosis and limited understanding of these mechanisms.

Transforming Transplantation Access: A Federal Directive for Comprehensive Pre-Waitlisting Data Collection.

There is substantial variation in access to transplantation across the United States that is not entirely explained by the availability of donor organs. Barriers to transplantation and variation in care among patients with end-stage organ disease exist prior to patients' placement on a transplant waiting list as well as following waitlist placement. However, there are currently no national data available to examine rates and variations in key care processes related to pre-listing, including transplant referral, evaluation, or candidate selection.

How the COAPT trial affected the selection of patients with secondary mitral regurgitation undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: insights from the GIOTTO Registry.

Background: The impact of the COAPT results on clinical practice has not yet been investigated in large real-world cohort study. The aim of the study is to evaluate the potential impact of the COAPT trial by analyzing the temporal trends of baseline characteristics and outcome of secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) patients undergoing MitraClip (MC) included in the GIOTTO registry.

Methods: The study population was divided into two groups, considering the enrolment before or after the COAPT publication.

Sequence variants in HECTD1 result in a variable neurodevelopmental disorder.

Dysregulation of genes encoding the homologous to E6AP C-terminus (HECT) E3 ubiquitin ligases has been linked to cancer and structural birth defects. One member of this family, the HECT-domain-containing protein 1 (HECTD1), mediates developmental pathways, including cell signaling, gene expression, and embryogenesis. Through GeneMatcher, we identified 14 unrelated individuals with 15 different variants in HECTD1 (10 missense, 3 frameshift, 1 nonsense, and 1 splicing variant) with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and epilepsy.

A cis-regulatory element controls expression of histone deacetylase 9 to fine-tune inflammasome-dependent chronic inflammation in atherosclerosis.

Common genetic variants in a conserved cis-regulatory element (CRE) at histone deacetylase (HDAC)9 are a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including stroke and coronary artery disease. Given the consistency of this association and its proinflammatory properties, we examined the mechanisms whereby HDAC9 regulates vascular inflammation. HDAC9 bound and mediated deacetylation of NLRP3 in the NACHT and LRR domains leading to inflammasome activation and lytic cell death.

NOD-like receptor protein 3 inhibition by MCC950 improves the cognitive function of rats with sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of MCC950 in a rat model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Adult male rats were randomly assigned to 12 groups according to the surgery or treatment received and evaluation times. The SAE model was established using the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) method.

Clinical risk factors for mortality in low severity acute epidural hematoma.

Background: Epidural hematomas (EDH) pose life-threatening risks with considerable morbidity and mortality if left untreated. The prognosis for patients with low-severity acute EDH managed conservatively is variable, with limited understanding of risk factors. This study aims to identify clinical risk factors for mortality in low-severity acute epidural hematoma patients managed conservatively, helping clinicians recognize cases where deviation from conservative management may be necessary.