Is early use of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) necessary even in diabetic patients without cardiovascular disease: a prospective study regarding the effect of SGLT2i on left ventricular diastolic function.

Background: There are insufficient studies to determine whether sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) will help reduce early diabetic cardiomyopathy, especially in patients without documented cardiovascular disease.

Methods: We performed a single center, prospective observation study. A total of 90 patients with type 2 diabetes patients without established heart failure or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were enrolled.

Stabilizing milk-derived extracellular vesicles (mEVs) through lyophilization: a novel trehalose and tryptophan formulation for maintaining structure and Bioactivity during long-term storage.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are widely investigated for their implications in cell-cell signaling, immune modulation, disease pathogenesis, cancer, regenerative medicine, and as a potential drug delivery vector. However, maintaining integrity and bioactivity of EVs between Good Manufacturing Practice separation/filtration and end-user application remains a consistent bottleneck towards commercialization. Milk-derived extracellular vesicles (mEVs), separated from bovine milk, could provide a relatively low-cost, scalable platform for large-scale mEV production; however, the reliance on cold supply chain for storage remains a logistical and financial burden for biologics that are unstable at room temperature.

Improving prognostic evaluations in patients with stage IIIb light chain cardiac amyloidosis: role of haemodynamic parameters.

Background: There is no unified prognostic scoring system for light chain cardiac amyloidosis (AL-CA), particularly stage IIIb AL-CA. This study aimed to use invasive haemodynamic information to investigate markers that can more accurately evaluate the prognosis of patients with stage IIIb AL-CA.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we conducted invasive haemodynamic measurements concurrently with myocardial biopsies to diagnose AL-CA.

Association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) related indices and cardiovascular diseases and mortality among individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a cohort study of UK Biobank.

Background: Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) related indices, which serve as simple markers for insulin resistance, have been closely linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality. However, the prognostic utility of TyG-related indices in predicting the risk of CVD and mortality among patients with MASLD remains unclear.

Methods: Data of 97,331 MASLD patients, with a median age of 58.

Echocardiographic phenotypes of diabetic myocardial disorder: evolution over 15 months follow-up in the ARISE-HF trial.

Background: Diabetic myocardial disorder (DbMD, evidenced by abnormal echocardiography or cardiac biomarkers) is a form of stage B heart failure (SBHF) at high risk for progression to overt HF. SBHF is defined by abnormal LV morphology and function and/or abnormal cardiac biomarker concentrations.

Objective: To compare the evolution of four DbMD groups based on biomarkers alone, systolic and diastolic dysfunction alone, or their combination.

Mobile health in communication disorders: willingness to use, attitude, advantages, and challenges from the perspective of patients.

Introduction: Communication disorders are one of the most common disorders that, if not treated in childhood, can cause many social, educational, and psychological problems in adulthood. One of the technologies that can be helpful in these disorders is mobile health (m-Health) technology. This study aims to examine the attitude and willingness to use this technology and compare the advantages and challenges of this technology and face-to-face treatment from the perspective of patients.

Prevalence and predictors of left atrial thrombus in patients with rheumatic atrial fibrillation undergoing cardiac surgery: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Unlike non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation (AF), where left atrial thrombus (LAT) is predominantly confined to the left atrial appendage (LAA), a significant proportion of LAT in rheumatic AF occurs within the left atrial cavity (LAC). However, LAC thrombosis in rheumatic AF has not been extensively studied. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of LAT and its subtypes and identify potential predictors of LAT.

MDFGNN-SMMA: prediction of potential small molecule-miRNA associations based on multi-source data fusion and graph neural networks.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pivotal in the initiation and progression of complex human diseases and have been identified as targets for small molecule (SM) drugs. However, the expensive and time-intensive characteristics of conventional experimental techniques for identifying SM-miRNA associations highlight the necessity for efficient computational methodologies in this field.

Results: In this study, we proposed a deep learning method called Multi-source Data Fusion and Graph Neural Networks for Small Molecule-MiRNA Association (MDFGNN-SMMA) to predict potential SM-miRNA associations.

On Your Mark, Get Set, Choose! A Randomized Cross-Over Study Comparing Fixed and Self-Selected Rest Periods in Interval Running Among Professional Female Soccer Players.

Background: Studies on rest durations during high-intensity interval training (HIIT) often compare fixed and self-selected (SS) rest allocation approaches. Frequently, the rest duration under SS conditions is unlimited, leading to inconsistent total rest durations compared to fixed rest conditions. To address this limitation, we recently compared fixed and SS rest conditions during cycling HIIT sessions, while keeping the total rest duration equivalent.

Prevalence of vertebral fractures at death.

Introduction: Despite many studies on the prevalence of vertebral fractures (VFs), the VF prevalence at death in the Japanese population remains unclear.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated the VF prevalence at death in a Japanese cohort using autopsy imaging computed tomography (AiCT). We enrolled 365 cadavers (188 men, 177 women, mean age of 84.

Prevalence of processed foods in major US grocery stores.

The offering of grocery stores is a strong driver of consumer decisions. While highly processed foods such as packaged products, processed meat and sweetened soft drinks have been increasingly associated with unhealthy diets, information on the degree of processing characterizing an item in a store is not straightforward to obtain, limiting the ability of individuals to make informed choices. GroceryDB, a database with over 50,000 food items sold by Walmart, Target and Whole Foods, shows the degree of processing of food items and potential alternatives in the surrounding food environment.

Revolutionizing Heart Failure Therapy: Harnessing IVT mRNA and Fusion Protein Technology to Prolong rhBNP Half-Life.

Purpose: Recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) has been extensively proven to be an effective mean of heart failure (HF) therapy, but its clinical application is limited by its very short half-life. This study aims to combine in vitro transcribed mRNA (IVT mRNA) and fusion protein technology to develop a rhBNP-Fc mRNA drug with long half-life, high efficiency and few side effects to treat HF.

Methods: The rhBNP-Fc fusion mRNA with IgG4-Fc sequence was produced by IVT technology.

Mechanisms of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns associated with inflammatory response in cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be a substantial global healthcare burden despite considerable progress in therapies. The inflammatory response during the progression of CVD has attracted considerable attention. Mitochondria serve as the principal energy source for the heart.

Searching for the minimum required dose of daratumumab to induce effective plasma cell depletion in antibody-mediated rejection of the kidney graft: a case report.

There is no established treatment for late or chronic antibody-mediated rejection of a kidney graft. Rituximab-based treatment is not effective, since long-lived high-affinity plasma cells do not express CD20 and do not depend on previous maturation steps to generate donor-specific antibodies. Conversely, daratumumab, an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, directly targets plasma cells, with proven efficacy in multiple myeloma.

Explainable AI associates ECG aging effects with increased cardiovascular risk in a longitudinal population study.

Aging affects the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and correlates with cardiovascular disease (CVD). AI-ECG models estimate aging effects as a novel biomarker but have only been evaluated on single ECGs-without utilizing longitudinal data. We validated an AI-ECG model, originally trained on Brazilian data, using a German cohort with over 20 years of follow-up, demonstrating similar performance (r = 0.

Specialized pericyte subtypes in the pulmonary capillaries.

Pericytes are essential for capillary stability and homeostasis, with impaired pericyte function linked to diseases like pulmonary arterial hypertension. Investigating pericyte biology has been challenging due to the lack of specific markers, making it difficult to distinguish pericytes from other stromal cells. Using bioinformatic analysis and RNAscope, we identified Higd1b as a unique gene marker for pericytes and subsequently generated a knock-in mouse line, Higd1b-CreERT2, that accurately labels pericytes in the lung and heart.

E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP facilitates cAMP and cGMP signalling cross-talk by polyubiquitinating PDE9A.

The carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) is pivotal for managing misfolded and aggregated proteins via chaperone networks and degradation pathways. In a preclinical rodent model of CHIP-related ataxia, we observed that CHIP mutations lead to increased levels of phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A), whose role in this context remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of PDE9A in CHIP-related ataxia and demonstrated that CHIP binds to PDE9A, facilitating its polyubiquitination and autophagic degradation.

YTHDF3-mediated FLCN/cPLA2 axis improves cardiac fibrosis via suppressing lysosomal function.

Cardiac fibrosis characterized by aberrant activation of cardiac fibroblasts impairs cardiac contractile and diastolic functions, inducing the progression of the disease towards its terminal phase, resulting in the onset of heart failure. Therefore, the inhibition of cardiac fibrosis has become a promising treatment for cardiac diseases. The ovarian follicle-stimulating hormone folliculin (FLCN) plays a significant role in various biological processes, such as lysosome function, mitochondrial synthesis, angiogenesis, ciliogenesis and autophagy.

Endothelial Gsα deficiency promotes ferroptosis and exacerbates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice via the inhibition of NRF2 signaling.

The importance of ferroptosis in the occurrence and progression of atherosclerosis is gradually being recognized. The stimulatory G protein α subunit (Gsα) plays a crucial role in the physiology of endothelial cells (ECs). Our previous study showed that endothelial Gsα could regulate angiogenesis and preserve endothelial permeability.

Left atrial mechanics in youth with chronic kidney disease and similarly aged healthy controls.

Background: In adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD), abnormal left atrial reservoir strain (LASr) is an early, yet clinically significant, indicator of myocardial dysfunction. However, left atrial mechanics are understudied in youth with CKD. The objective of this study was to assess left atrial strain function in youth with CKD and similarly aged, healthy controls.

Clinical characteristics and management of reoperation for high jejunal atresia: a retrospective study.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and available treatment strategies for reoperation of neonatal high jejunal atresia, and recommend preventive measures to reduce the reoperation rate of high jejunal atresia.

Methods: The clinical data of 16 children with high jejunal atresia who underwent reoperation in the Neonatal Surgery Department at Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2018 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Among the 16 unplanned reoperations, 7 (43.

Comparative effective dose of ciprofol and propofol in suppressing cardiovascular responses to tracheal intubation.

Ciprofol, a novel γ-aminobutyric acid receptor agonist, outperforms propofol with minimal cardiovascular effects, higher potency, reduced injection pain, and a broader safety margin. Despite these advantages, ciprofol's clinical research is still emerging. This study compares the median effective dose (ED) and adverse reactions of ciprofol and propofol, in conjunction with sufentanil, for suppressing cardiovascular responses during tracheal intubation.

Prognostic impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on short-term and long-term outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common condition that complicates major surgeries like coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study aims to evaluate the impact of COPD on the outcome of CABG. A registry-based retrospective cohort study included individuals who received CABG between 2009 and 2016.