Simultaneous transcatheter aortic valve implantation and femoral osteosynthesis: a case report.

Background: Simultaneous cardiac and non-cardiac surgeries can be beneficial for patients, but there are still few reports on this approach.

Case Presentation: A 90-year-old woman was diagnosed with a femoral trochanteric fracture and severe aortic stenosis. A heart team conference decided to perform transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and femoral osteosynthesis under general anesthesia on the same day.

A novel uORF regulates folliculin to promote cell growth and lysosomal biogenesis during cardiac stress.

Pathological cardiac remodeling is a maladaptive response that leads to changes in the size, structure, and function of the heart. These changes occur due to an acute or chronic stress on the heart and involve a complex interplay of hemodynamic, neurohormonal and molecular factors. As a critical regulator of cell growth, protein synthesis and autophagy mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is an important mediator of pathological cardiac remodeling.

Synaptotagmin-1 attenuates myocardial programmed necrosis and ischemia/reperfusion injury through the mitochondrial pathway.

Programmed necrosis/necroptosis greatly contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiac disorders including myocardial infarction, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and heart failure. However, the fundamental mechanism underlying myocardial necroptosis, especially the mitochondria-dependent death pathway, is poorly understood. Synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1), a Ca sensor, is originally identified in nervous system and mediates synchronous neurotransmitter release.

Cardiac Tamponade Due to Right Ventricle Perforation: A Rare Complication of Catheter Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia Storm.

Cardiac tamponade is a rare but fatal complication of catheter ablation. We are reporting a case of a 73-year-old male with ventricular tachycardia (VT) storm undergoing urgent VT ablation, who was later found to have right ventricle (RV) perforation-an unusual site for catheter ablation complication. The patient underwent isochronal late activation mapping (ILAM)-based ablation and elimination of local abnormal ventricular activities (LAVA).

Current Diagnosis and Therapeutic Approach of Functional Mitral Regurgitation.

Functional mitral regurgitation is characterized by normal structures of the mitral valve and chordae tendinea, but the regurgitation occurs due to geometric changes in the left atrium and left ventricle. This condition can contribute to heart failure progression and lead to a poor prognosis. Functional mitral regurgitation is found in approximately one-third of patients with heart failure with a decreased ejection fraction.

[Predictive model for ejection fraction improvement at one year in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction complicated with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction].

To develop a predictive model for improvement of ejection fraction 1 year after heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) following acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This nested case-control study included STEMI patients diagnosed with HFrEF from a prospective multicenter multimodality imaging cohort between August 2014 and March 2021. Based on the improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at baseline and 1-year follow-up, the patients were classified into the heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) group and the persistent HFrEF group.

Normal variations of myocardial T1, T2 and T2* values at 1.5 T cardiac MRI in sex-matched healthy volunteers.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the normal variations of myocardial T1, T2, and T2* relaxation times on cardiac MRI obtained at 1.5 T in healthy, sex-balanced volunteers aged between 18 and 69 years.

Material And Methods: A total of 172 healthy volunteers were recruited prospectively.

Preoperative Cardiac Assessment for Coronary Artery Disease: From Symptoms to Angiography.

Although cardiovascular anesthesiologists play a role in the multidisciplinary heart team, they are generally not involved prior to the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. This work was designed to broadly cover the factors influencing decision-making when proceeding with coronary angiography in a patient with suspected coronary artery disease. The authors cover the principles, rationale, benefits, and downsides of common tests involved.

Practice Advisory for Postoperative Pain Management of Thoracic Surgical Patients: Executive Summary: A Report by Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists.

Patients after thoracic surgery experience significant pain that can disrupt normal respiratory mechanics, increase the risk of respiratory complications, and impair recovery. Poorly controlled postoperative pain can develop into persistent postoperative pain. In addition, using opioids for pain control in the thoracic surgical population makes them more susceptible to opioid-related side effects due to their pre-existing comorbidities.

Sex-specific effects on the heart from combined exposure to simulated galactic cosmic radiation and hindlimb unloading.

Future long duration space missions will expose astronauts to higher doses of galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) than those experienced on the international space station. Recent studies have demonstrated astronauts may be at risk for cardiovascular complications due to increased radiation exposure and fluid shift from microgravity. However, there is a lack of direct evidence on how the cardiovascular system is affected by GCR and microgravity since no astronauts have been exposed to exploratory mission relevant GCR doses.

Comfort and patient activation in patients with myocardial infarction: A cross-sectional study.

Aims: To examine comfort and patient activation, affecting factors, and the relationship between comfort and patient activation in patients with myocardial infarction.

Background: Comfort is an important requirement for managing the treatment and patients' well-being and patient activation improves patient engagement. Assessment of comfort, patient activation and associated factors are important to reduce complications and ensure adherence.

All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Associated with Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter in Japan: The Ibaraki Prefectural Health Study.

Aims: Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is causally associated with mortality and cardiovascular disease. However, in terms of cardiovascular cause-specific outcomes, there are fewer studies about stroke than about coronary heart disease, particularly in Asia. Furthermore, there remains uncertainty regarding the PM-respiratory disease association.

The fetal cerebral Doppler in the last weeks of pregnancy can select very small fetuses unlikely to present intrapartum compromise.

Objective: To evaluate whether, in late pregnancy, the cerebral Doppler can identify very small fetuses that are less likely to experience intrapartum compromise (IC).

Material And Methods: This was a retrospective study of 282 singleton pregnancies that underwent an ultrasound scan at 32 + 0- 40 + 6 weeks and were delivered after induction, or spontaneous onset of labor. Very small fetuses were defined as fetuses with estimated weight less than the 3rd centile.

Suspected Fatal Arrhythmic Events in Japanese Patients With Coronary Artery Disease - From the CREDO-Kyoto PCI/CABG Registries Cohorts-2 and -3.

Background: Fatal arrhythmic events (FAEs), such as sudden cardiac death (SCD) and fatal ventricular arrhythmias, are a devastating complication in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Therefore, in this study we aimed to assess the incidence of FAEs in more recent Japanese patients with CAD and to examine whether risk stratification of FAEs can still be feasible using the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Methods And Results: In the CREDO Kyoto PCI/CABG registry cohorts-2 and -3, there were 25,843 patients with LVEF data who received a first coronary revascularization (LVEF ≤35% group: N=1,671, 35%45%: N=21,503).

Posttranslational modifications in cardiac metabolic remodeling mediated by metabolites: Implications for disease pathology and therapeutic potential.

The nonenergy-producing or biomass-accumulating functions of metabolism are attracting increasing attention, as metabolic changes are gaining importance as discrete signaling pathways in modulating enzyme activity and gene expression. Substantial evidence suggests that myocardial metabolic remodeling occurring during diabetic cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and cardiac pathological stress (e.g.

Circadian influences on sudden cardiac death and cardiac electrophysiology.

Cardiologists have analyzed daily patterns in the incidence of sudden cardiac death to identify environmental, behavioral, and physiological factors that trigger fatal arrhythmias. Recent studies have indicated an overall increase in sudden cardiac arrest during daytime hours when the frequency of arrhythmogenic triggers is highest. The risk of fatal arrhythmias arises from the interaction between these triggers-such as elevated sympathetic signaling, catecholamine levels, heart rate, afterload, and platelet aggregation-and the heart's susceptibility (myocardial substrate) to them.

Implications of an Individualized Resuscitation Strategy Using Continuous Rhythm and Physiologic Status Assessment During Ongoing CPR.

Background: Prior studies have proposed defibrillator biosignal algorithms which characterize cardiac arrest rhythm and physiologic status. We evaluated whether a novel, individualized resuscitation strategy that integrates multiple ECG and impedance-based algorithms could reduce CPR interruptions and better align rescuer actions with patient-specific physiology.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort of ventricular fibrillation out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, observed rescuer actions (rhythm analysis, shock delivery, pulse checks, and drug therapy) were compared to hypothetical actions recommended by the proposed individualized strategy.

Grasping Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) from the Perspective of Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology (PNIE): Etiopathogenic Mechanisms and Relevance for the Integrative Management.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition caused by exposure to traumatic events, affecting 5-10% of the population, with increased prevalence among women and individuals in war zones. Beyond psychological symptoms, PTSD induces significant physiological changes across systems. Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology (PNIE) offers a framework to explore these complex interactions between the psyche and the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems.

Volume-Outcome Relationship of Norwood Procedures: Insights from the National Pediatric Cardiology - Quality Improvement Collaborative Database.

Background: Prior investigations of the center-specific case volume on outcomes in hypoplastic left heart syndrome have conflicting results. This study utilized the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative (NPC-QIC) registry to investigate the center volume-outcome relationship in patients following the Norwood procedure with consideration of pre-operative high-risk features.

Methods: Between 2016 and 2023, centers were categorized by Norwood procedure volume into low (≤ 5 cases/year), medium (6 to 10 cases/year), and high-volume centers (> 10 cases/year).

Redo Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement versus Valve-in-Valve Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Degenerated Bioprosthetic Valves.

Background: Valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement (ViV-TAVR) is associated with improved perioperative safety compared to redo surgical aortic valve replacement (redo-SAVR), but long-term outcomes remain uncertain. We therefore compare long-term outcomes of ViV-TAVR and redo-SAVR.

Methods: The study included 1:1 propensity-matched Medicare beneficiaries with degenerated bioprosthetic valves admitted between 09/29/2011 and 12/30/2020 undergoing either redo-SAVR or ViV-TAVR.

Increased Risk of Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement After Prior Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement with Concomitant Valve Disease.

Background: The etiology of increased risk for reoperation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) versus prior surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is poorly understood. This study evaluated the impact of concomitant mitral and tricuspid valve disease on associated risk of TAVR explant.

Methods: Patients undergoing aortic valve replacement after prior SAVR or TAVR were extracted from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database (2011-2021).

Insurance-Based Disparities in Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Following Heart Transplantation Are Mediated by Care at High Volume Centers.

Background: Socioeconomic disadvantage and Medicaid insurance have been linked with inferior survival following heart transplantation, yet the contributing mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We evaluated the association of Medicaid with the development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy(CAV).

Methods: We considered heart transplant recipients ≥18years within the 2004-2022 Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network.

The Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Intermacs Database Risk Model for Durable Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation.

Background: Statistical risk models for durable left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation inform candidate selection, quality improvement, and evaluation of provider performance. We developed a 90-day mortality risk model utilizing The Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Intermacs Database (STS Intermacs).

Methods: STS Intermacs was queried for primary durable LVAD implants from 1/ 2019 - 9/2023.

Patient Characteristics, Management and Long-term Outcomes of Patients with Cardiogenic Shock at a Large Safety Net Hospital.

Data regarding cardiogenic shock (CS) from safety-net hospitals serving socioeconomically-disadvantaged patients are limited. In addition, little is known regarding long-term outcomes and management of heart failure-related CS (HF-CS), a population potentially especially vulnerable to adverse social determinants of health (SDOH). A single-center retrospective cohort study of patients with Stage C, D, or E CS at a public safety-net hospital between 2017-2023 was performed.

Joint image reconstruction and segmentation of real-time cardiac MRI in free-breathing using a model based on disentangled representation learning.

Purpose: To investigate image quality and agreement of derived cardiac function parameters in a novel joint image reconstruction and segmentation approach based on disentangled representation learning, enabling real-time cardiac cine imaging during free-breathing.

Methods: A multi-tasking neural network architecture, incorporating disentangled representation learning, was trained using simulated examinations based on data from a public repository along with MR scans specifically acquired for model development. An exploratory feasibility study evaluated the method on undersampled real-time acquisitions using an in-house developed spiral bSSFP pulse sequence in eight healthy participants and five patients with intermittent atrial fibrillation.