Therapeutic Potential of Ketogenic Interventions for Autosomal-Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.

Background: Recent findings have highlighted that abnormal energy metabolism is a key feature of autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Emerging evidence suggests that nutritional ketosis could offer therapeutic benefits, including potentially slowing or even reversing disease progression. This systematic review aims to synthesise the literature on ketogenic interventions to evaluate the impact in ADPKD.

Dietary Counseling: An Option to Malnutrition and Masticatory Deficiency in Patients with Total Protheses? A Scoping Review.

Unlabelled: Given the rising global population of older adults and their association with edentulism and the use of complete removable prostheses [CRP], it is imperative to pursue solutions for issues such as the relationship between poor diets and masticatory deficiency.

Objective: To examine the research on the efficacy of dietary counseling in enhancing mastication and nutrition in older adults with CRP.

Methods: A systematic literature review was performed in the PubMed, Trip, and Web of Science databases.

Assessing the Nutrient Composition of a Carnivore Diet: A Case Study Model.

Background/objectives: The rise in chronic metabolic diseases has led to the exploration of alternative diets. The carnivore diet, consisting exclusively of animal products, has gained attention, anecdotally, for imparting benefit for inflammatory conditions beyond that possible by other restrictive dietary approaches. The aim was to assess the micronutrient adequacy of four versions of the carnivore diet against national nutrient reference values (NRVs).

Comparative Nutritional Profile of Publicly Procured Foods for School Meals in Federal Schools in Northeastern Brazil Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic.

Unlabelled: School meals play a critical role in supporting students' biopsychosocial growth, development, learning, academic performance, and the establishment of healthy eating habits. In public institutions, food procurement is conducted through formal public procurement processes. However, emphasizing cost-effectiveness in bidding criteria, such as prioritizing the lowest product price, may inadvertently encourage the acquisition of foods high in critical nutrients.

Nutrition Knowledge and Perceived Dietary Requirements of Adolescent Student-Athletes: A Pilot Study.

Background/objectives: Adherence to sports-specific nutritional guidelines can help optimize athlete performance and health. However, adolescent athletes may not have adequate nutrition knowledge and understanding of specific nutritional requirements. The objective of the current study was to examine the nutrition knowledge and perceived dietary requirements of adolescent athletes.

The Etiology of Reduced Muscle Mass with Surgical and Pharmacological Weight Loss and the Identification of Potential Countermeasures.

Obesity represents a major health crisis in the United States, significantly increasing risks for chronic diseases and generating substantial economic costs. While bariatric surgery and pharmacological interventions such as GLP-1 receptor agonists have been proven effective in achieving substantial weight loss and improving comorbid conditions, they also raise concerns about the unintended loss of fat-free mass, particularly muscle. This loss of muscle mass compromises physical functionality, quality of life, and long-term metabolic health, particularly in individuals with sarcopenic obesity or those at risk of frailty.

The Effect of Protein Supplementation and Playing Time on Recovery Kinetics During a Congested Basketball Schedule.

Background/objectives: Despite being widely promoted, protein supplementation's overall effectiveness during demanding basketball schedules remains unclear. This study investigated whether increased protein intake can accelerate recovery of muscle function during a 6-day congested basketball microcycle consisting of three consecutive games while accounting for the impact of playing time.

Methods: In a randomized, two-trial, cross-over, double-blind repeated measures design, eighteen male basketball players were assigned to a high (High PT) or a moderate (Mod PT) playing time group and participated in two trials, receiving daily either milk protein (PRO trial) or an isoenergetic amount of carbohydrates.

Fructose-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction Is Dependent on the Baseline Diet, the Length of the Dietary Exposure, and Sex of the Mice.

High sugar intake, particularly fructose, is implicated in obesity and metabolic complications. On the other hand, fructose from fruits and vegetables has undisputed benefits for metabolic health. This raises a paradoxical question-how the same fructose molecule can be associated with detrimental health effects in some studies and beneficial in others.

Comparative Analysis of Dietary Behavior in Children and Parents During COVID-19 Lockdowns in Greece: Insights from a Non-Representative Sample.

Background/objectives: Home isolation measures during the COVID-19 lockdown periods may have influenced individuals' lifestyles. The COVEAT study aimed to identify differences in children's and their parents' dietary behavior, children's body weight and parental body mass index (BMI) between two lockdown periods implemented in Greece.

Methods: In total, 61 participants (children 2-18 years and their parents) completed questionnaires about their lifestyle, body weight and height, and family socio-demographic data, during both lockdown periods (LDs) implemented in Greece (LD1 in March-May 2020; LD2 in December 2020-January 2021).

The Contribution of Precision Nutrition Intervention in Subfertile Couples.

Background/aim: Subfertility is characterized by a decrease in reproductive efficiency, which can result in delayed pregnancy, and affects one in six individuals during their lifetime. The present narrative review aims to evaluate the contribution of precision nutrition to changes in fertility in subfertile couples.

Methods: The literature review was carried out through bibliographic research in the PubMed, Scopus, SciELO and Google Scholar databases.

Biological and Nutritional Applications of Microalgae.

Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that have a rapid growth cycle and carbon fixation ability. They have diverse cellular structures, ranging from prokaryotic cyanobacteria to more complex eukaryotic forms, which enable them to thrive in a variety of environments and support biomass production. They utilize both photosynthesis and heterotrophic pathways, indicating their ecological importance and potential for biotechnological applications.

The Diet Quality of Athletes as Measured by Diet Quality Indices: A Scoping Review.

Background/objectives: The goals of sports nutrition are to support athletic performance. However, the diet quality of athletes remains poorly understood. This scoping review aims to synthesise the existing body of literature, evaluating the diet quality of adult athletes.

Folic Acid and Methyltetrahydrofolate Supplementation in the Mouse Model with Hepatic Steatosis.

Background/objectives: The gene variant results in a thermolabile MTHFR enzyme associated with elevated plasma homocysteine in TT individuals. Health risks associated with the TT genotype may be modified by dietary and supplemental folate intake. Supplementation with methyltetrahydrofolate (methylTHF) may be preferable to folic acid because it is the MTHFR product, and does not require reduction by DHFR to enter one-carbon folate metabolism.

Collegiate Marching Band Artists Self-Report Previous Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) is commonly observed in endurance athletes, where prolonged physical exertion combined with being unaware of personal hydration needs can lead to excessive water consumption or inadequate sodium intake. Marching band (MB) is an emerging setting for sports medicine professionals. However, there is little research on non-musculoskeletal illnesses among these performing artists.

Maternal Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Status in Pregnancy and Newborn Body Composition.

Background: A number of clinical studies have shown a positive association between the maternal -3 PUFA status during pregnancy and fetal and newborn development and health. Despite this well-documented role of -3 PUFAs in pregnancy, data on maternal the LC-PUFAs status during pregnancy in the Indonesian population, to our knowledge, are not yet available. This study reports on the LC-PUFA dietary intake among pregnant women in a suburban population of Bogor City, West Java, Indonesia.

Maternal Lifestyle Factors Affecting Breast Milk Composition and Infant Health: A Systematic Review.

Background/objectives: Breast milk is a dynamic, personalized nutrition source, influenced by maternal diet, lifestyle, and environmental factors, which shape its composition and impact infant health. This review synthesizes evidence on the associations between maternal lifestyles (e.g.

Postprandial Vascular Effects of a High Potassium Meal in Patients with Treated Hypertension.

Background: There is compelling evidence of an inverse association between potassium intake and blood pressure (BP). A potential mechanism for this effect may be dietary potassium-mediated augmentation of endothelium-dependent relaxation. To date, studies have investigated potassium intake supplementation over several weeks in healthy volunteers with variable results on vascular function.

The Effectiveness of an Online Nutrition Education Program on Varsity Athletes' Nutritional & Dietary Supplement Knowledge.

: Research has shown that athletes often have poor nutritional knowledge, particularly regarding dietary supplements. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an online nutrition education program in improving nutritional and dietary supplement knowledge among varsity athletes at the University of Guelph in Ontario, Canada. : A total of 30 varsity athletes at the University of Guelph were randomized into experimental [n = 18] and control [n = 12] groups.

Nutritional Strategies Prescribed During Pregnancy and Weight Gain in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.

: This systematic review aims to identify diets related to weight gain in pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). : This study was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, and its protocol was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023432322). The searches used the medical subject headings in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE databases.

Effects of Different Dietary Supplements on Swimming Performance: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Nutritional supplements are widely used by swimmers, but the effectiveness of various supplements and the identification of the most effective intervention require further investigation.

Purpose: This paper evaluated and compared the effectiveness of various nutrition-based interventions on swimming performance through both direct and indirect comparisons.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SPORTDiscus databases were thoroughly searched up to 4 April 2024.

Educational Intervention Boosts Dietitians' Knowledge of the Safety and Approval of Low- and No-Calorie Sweeteners.

Background/objectives: Low- and no-calorie sweeteners (LNCSs) provide sweetness in food applications that are suggested to support consumers' reduced consumption of caloric sweeteners and added sugar intake. Consumers seek guidance and advice on using LNCSs from healthcare providers, including dietitians and nutritionists. However, prior research suggests there may be inconsistent guidance on the use of LNCSs.

Ketogenic Diet as a Nutritional Metabolic Intervention for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Narrative Review.

The substantial evidence supporting the ketogenic diet (KD) in epilepsy management has spurred research into its effects on other neurological and psychiatric conditions. Despite differences in characteristics, symptoms, and underlying mechanisms, these conditions share common pathways that the KD may influence. The KD reverses metabolic dysfunction.

Attachment to Meat and Willingness Towards Cultured Alternatives Among Consumers: A Cross-Sectional Study in the UAE.

: The escalating global demand for meat, as a sequela of population growth, has led to unsustainable livestock production, resulting in a host of environmental and food security concerns. Various strategies have been explored to mitigate these issues, including the introduction of a novel food product, cultured meat. Cultured meat is not yet commercially available, yet public perceptions are already taking shape.

Lifestyle Factors Associated with Children's and Adolescents' Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Living in Mediterranean Countries: The DELICIOUS Project.

Traditional dietary patterns are being abandoned in Mediterranean countries, especially among younger generations. This study aimed to investigate the potential lifestyle determinants that can increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet in children and adolescents. This study is a cross-sectional analysis of data from five Mediterranean countries (Italy, Spain, Portugal, Egypt, and Lebanon) within the context of the EU-funded project DELICIOUS (UnDErstanding consumer food choices & promotion of healthy and sustainable Mediterranean Diet and LIfestyle in Children and adolescents through behavIOUral change actionS).

The Effect of Nutritional Intervention in Nutritional Risk Screening on Hospitalised Lung Cancer Patients.

Background: Lung cancer (LC) patients are prone to suffer from malnutrition. Malnutrition negatively affects patients' response to therapy, increases the incidence of treatment-related side effects, and decreases survival. Early identification of LC patients who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition can promote recovery and improve prognosis.