Associations between measured masticatory function and cognitive status: A systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of the most recent evidence on the association between measured masticatory function and cognitive status.

Materials And Methods: Literature and manual searches were conducted using three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science and CINAHL). Observational studies published between 2011 and 2021 investigating the association between masticatory function, dementia and cognitive status in adult humans were abstracted and reviewed by three reviewers.

Prosthodontic treatment can improve the ingestible food profile in Japanese adult outpatients.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of prosthodontic treatment on the ingestible food profile in adult Japanese outpatients, and to identify the related risk factors that can deteriorate the profile.

Methods: The participants were 277 outpatients who visited university-based specialty clinics in Japan for prosthodontic treatment. The demographic data, number of present teeth assessed via intraoral examination, and oral health-related quality of life assessed by the total Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-J54) scores of all participants were recorded before treatment.

Boric acid inhibits alveolar bone loss in rat experimental periodontitis through diminished bone resorption and enhanced osteoblast formation.

Background/purpose: Inhibition of bone resorption is essential for periodontal treatment. Recently, it has been suggested that boric acid suppresses periodontitis, but the mechanism of this inhibition is still not well understood. Therefore, to analyze the cellular response to boric acid administration, we histologically evaluated alveolar bone in experimental periodontitis of rats administered boric acid.

Alteration of oral flora in Mongolian patients with Behçet's disease: a multicentre study.

Objectives: Behçet's disease (BD) is characterised by repeated acute inflammatory attacks with aphthous ulcers of the oral mucosa, uveitis of the eyes, skin symptoms, and genital ulcers. Although its aetiology is still unknown, there is evidence of the involvement of oral bacteria in systemic diseases. Various types of oral bacteria may be involved in the development and progression of BD.

A multi-centered epidemiological study evaluating the validity of the treatment difficulty indices developed by the Japan Prosthodontic Society.

Purpose: The Japan Prosthodontic Society developed a multi-axis assessment protocol to evaluate the complex variations in patients who need prosthodontic care, and to classify the level of treatment difficulty. A previous report found the protocol to be sufficiently reliable. The purpose of this multi-center cohort study was to evaluate the validity of this multi-axis assessment protocol.

Designing an antibacterial acrylic resin using the cosolvent method -Effect of ethanol on the optical and mechanical properties of a cold-cure acrylic resin.

Antimicrobial cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) has low miscibility with acrylic resin monomer but can be homogeneously mixed using ethanol as a cosolvent. This study investigated the effects of ethanol addition on the properties of a cold-cure acrylic resin. Ethanol was an excellent cosolvent for CPC and methyl methacrylate monomer (MMA), but the cured resin exhibited a strong change in coloration to yellow (ΔE*>8) and a drastically reduced bending strength (from 97 to 25 MPa) and elastic modulus (from 2.

Reliability and validity of the patient disability-oriented diagnostic nomenclature system for prosthetic dentistry.

Purpose: The Japan Prosthodontic Society (JPS) has proposed a new diagnostic nomenclature system (DNS), based on pathogenesis and etiology, to facilitate and improve prosthodontic treatment. This system specifies patient disability and the causative factor (i.e.

Effect of mastication on functional recoveries after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.

Objectives: We evaluated whether solid feed is more effective for functional recoveries than liquid feed in rats with ischemic brain injury after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

Methods: A total of 36 male Wistar/ST rats were subjected to MCAO or sham surgery. After MCAO or sham surgery, all rats were provided liquid feed for 14 days.

Effect of wearing a palatal plate on swallowing function.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of wearing a palatal plate on swallowing function.

Methods: The subject group consisted of 10 healthy, fully dentate males. Two experimental palatal plates (EPP) were used in this study: one was 1.

Mandibular residual ridge shape and the masticatory ability in complete denture wearers.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of mandibular residual ridge shape on the masticatory ability in complete denture wearers.

Methods: The subject group consisted of 199 complete denture wearers. The mandibular residual ridge of each subject was evaluated using a replica of the ridge which was obtained with heavy-body silicone impression material.

CYP24 promoter activity is affected by mechanical stress and mitogen-activated protein kinase in MG63 osteoblast-like cells.

Purpose: For bone homeostasis, vitamin D plays an important role in the regulation of calcium. The enzyme CYP24 inactivates vitamin D and is involved in its regulation. However, the mechanism of expression of CYP24 in osteoblastic cells under mechanical stress is not clear.

Matrix mineralization as a trigger for osteocyte maturation.

The morphology of the osteocyte changes during the cell's lifetime. Shortly after becoming buried in the matrix, an osteocyte is plump with a rich rough endoplasmic reticulum and a well-developed Golgi complex. This "immature" osteocyte reduces its number of organelles to become a "mature" osteocyte when it comes to reside deeper in the bone matrix.

[Construction and promotion of prosthodontics based on health sciences: for the achievement of a long life and good health cultivated by occlusion and mastication].

Prosthodontics is a practical science based on life sciences and health sciences, and takes a role to contribute to the improvement of people's health and welfare. It is true the main field of prosthodontics and/or prosthodontic treatments is oral rehabilitation including recoveries of morphological defects and the functional disability caused by teeth loss. From this point of view, I am sure that the ultimate target of prosthodontics and/or prosthodontic treatments is maintenance and improvement of patient's QOL.

[Expectations for prosthetic dentistry as a health science].

Prosthodontics is a practical science based on life sciences and health sciences, and takes a role to contribute to improvement of health/welfare of peoples. By prosthodontic researches including life sciences and health science, it will be proved that the practice of prosthetic dental treatments is important to health/welfare. In addition, our research activities are expected because of the demographic change caused by the increase of aging population.

Impaired alveolization in mice deficient in membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MT1-MMP).

To clarify the involvement of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MT1-MMP) in lung organogenesis, we studied the lung morphology of 13-day-old MT1-MMP null mice. The lung architecture in MT1-MMP null mice was abnormal, and the airspace compartments were characterized by smooth walls and larger size. Most of the compartment wall consisted of one or two layers of cells and interstitial connective tissue that was thicker than that of normal alveoli.

The relationship between salivary secretion rate and masticatory efficiency.

In order to elucidate the relationship between the salivary secretion rate and masticatory efficiency, experimental hypo- and hyper-salivation were produced by the administration of atropine sulphate presenting an anticholinergic effect and pilocarpine hydrochloride having a muscarine effect orally in 10 healthy fully dentates. To confirm the pharmaceutical effect of these drugs, the unstimulated whole salivary secretion rate during 10 min, and masticatory efficiency using the sieve method were measured before and after medication. The unstimulated whole salivary secretion rate during 10 min decreased significantly by the administration of atropine sulphate (P < 0.

Osteoclast differentiation in ectopic bone formation induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2).

Osteoclast differentiation in the process of ectopic bone formation induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) was examined to clarify the relationship between osteoclast development and rhBMP-2-induced bone formation. A combination of rhBMP-2 with a porous microsphere (PMS) and blood clot was implanted subcutaneously on the bilateral chest muscles of rats. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAPase) activity, cathepsin K (cath K), and calcitonin receptor (CTR), as markers of osteoclasts and their precursors, were examined using enzyme and immunohistochemical analysis up to 7 days after implantation.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-containing nerve fibers in bone tissue and their involvement in bone remodeling.

Bone remodeling is a process of bone renewal accomplished by osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation. These two activities are regulated by systemic hormones and by local cytokines and growth factors. Moreover, the nervous system and certain neuropeptides seem to be involved in regulation of bone remodeling.

Occlusal support and head posture.

In order to examine the relationship between occlusal support and head posture, the electromyographic (EMG) activities of the jaw closing muscles and the sternocleidomastoid muscle during voluntary maximal clenching (VMC) under several conditions of occlusal support in eight healthy dentates were recorded and analysed. The head posture was also recorded simultaneously by the electromagnetic, 6-degree-of-freedom tracking instrument (POLHMUS Co. 3 SPACE-WIN*).

XPS study on the weakest zone in the adhesion structure between resin containing 4-META and precious metal alloys treated with different surface modification methods.

Three precious metal alloys, Type IV gold alloy, 14 K gold alloy, and silver-based alloy, were treated with different surface modifications including a metal primer (VBATDT) application, a SiOx coating method, high-temperature oxidation, modification method with a liquid Ga-Sn alloy, and tin electroplating. Then thin PMMA films were bonded with a resin containing 4-META. Water durability at the adhesion interface was evaluated after water immersion, followed by thermal cycling used liquid nitrogen.

Mechanism of adhesion between 4-META resin and alloys based on Bolger's acid-base interaction.

The water durability at adhesion interfaces between 4-META resin and Au-In or Au-Si alloys was investigated by the peeling test and by surface analysis using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as theoretical consideration based on Bolger's acid-base theory. XPS spectra demonstrated that several-nm thick layers of In2O3 and SiO2 were formed on the Au-In and Au-Si alloys. The water durability of the Au-In alloys increased with increases in In content.

Immunoreactivity to a monoclonal antibody (OS-3) is shared by osteoclasts and bicarbonate-secreting cells.

OS-3, a monoclonal antibody raised against macrophagic cells derived from cultured rat glomeruli, reacts with the plasma membrane of various bicarbonate-secreting cells such as epithelial cells of the pancreatic excretory duct and type B intercalated cells of the kidney, suggesting that the antigenic molecule of OS-3 is involved in bicarbonate production and/or secretion. Since osteoclasts must vigorously extrude bicarbonate to maintain cytoplasmic pH in a physiologic range during proton secretion, we examined the localization of OS-3 immunoreactivity in the bone tissue to determine the involvement of the detected molecule in the transmembrane transport of bicarbonate in osteoclasts. The OS-3 selectively stained the basolateral plasma membrane of osteoclasts.

Gold alloys for resin bonding including small amount base metals--structural changes of alloy surface by the high-temperature oxidation.

To achieve durable bonding with adhesive resin, the surface roughness and the kinds of oxides, respectively to increase mechanical retention to enhance the chemical affinity of adhesive monomer with the gold alloy, were regulated by high-temperature oxidation together with the addition of small amounts of base metals. Alloys containing 2 mass% of Ni, In, or Cr with Cu were oxidized at 800 degrees C for 20 min in air, pickled in thioglycolic acid, and subsequently oxidized at 500 degrees C for 10 min in air. The morphology of the internal oxidation zone changed markedly according to the added base metals.

The relationship between occlusal support and physical exercise ability.

This study was conducted to elucidate the relationship between the presence of occlusal support in edentulous subjects and their ability for physical exercise. Ten complete denture wearers were selected and instructed to jump vertically while standing on a force plate with and without occlusal support (i.e.