Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Disease Activity in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Exploratory Study in Western Mexico.

Background And Objectives: The correlation between diminished 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-(OH)D) concentrations and heightened disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients remains contentious, as clinical studies have yielded conflicting outcomes-some propose a potential link, while others assert no relationship exists. Nonetheless, all studies report a significant prevalence of low 25-(OH)D levels among SLE patients. This study aimed to assess the frequency of low serum levels of 25-(OH)D in Mexican patients with SLE and to evaluate the correlation between 25-(OH)D deficiency or insufficiency and disease activity levels.

Risk factors for isolated congenital heart defects in infants from Western Mexico.

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are caused by a complex interaction between numerous genetic and environmental risk factors, some of which may differ between different populations. A case-control study was conducted among 1232 newborns, including 308 patients with isolated CHDs (cases) and 924 infants without birth defects (controls), born all during the period 2009-2023 at the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Dr. Juan I.

Mitochondrial Function and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Diabetic Retinopathy Development: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study.

DR is a complex complication of DM with multiple biochemical pathways implicated in its genesis and progression. Circulating OS and mitochondrial function biomarkers represent potential candidates in the DR staging system. We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study comparing the OS biomarkers: TAC, GR, NOS, CARB, and hydroperoxydes, as well as mitochondrial function biomarkers: ATP synthase and ATPase activity in healthy volunteers, DM w/o DR, Moderate and Severe NPDR, and PDR.

Exploring the cytotoxic and antioxidant properties of lanthanide-doped ZnO nanoparticles: a study with machine learning interpretation.

Background: Lanthanide-based nanomaterials offer a promising alternative for cancer therapy because of their selectivity and effectiveness, which can be modified and predicted by leveraging the improved accuracy and enhanced decision-making of machine learning (ML) modeling.

Methods: In this study, erbium (Er) and ytterbium (Yb) were used to dope zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs). Various characterization techniques and biological assays were employed to investigate the physicochemical and optical properties of the (Er, Yb)-doped ZnO NPs, revealing the influence of the lanthanide elements.

H3K9me3 demethylation by JMJD2B is regulated by pirfenidone resulting in improved NASH.

NASH is characterized by hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation; and JMJD2B-a histone demethylase-upregulation has been linked to its progression. Pirfenidone (PFD) is an antifibrotic agent with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects recognized to decrease NASH symptoms. Herein, our aim was to investigate PFD-induced epigenetics mechanisms involving JMJD2B and histone modifications in experimental NASH.

A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Classification and Management of Intestinal Failure: Knowledge in Progress.

Intestinal failure (IF) is a debilitating condition characterized by the insufficient function of the gastrointestinal tract to absorb nutrients and fluids essential for life. This review consolidates recent advancements and challenges in managing IF among adult and pediatric populations, highlighting differences in etiology, management, and outcomes. Over the recent years, significant strides have been made in the nutritional and medical management of IF, significantly reducing mortality rates and improving the quality of life for patients.

Mapping oral medicine (stomatology) and oral and maxillofacial pathology international organizations: a scoping review of global data and historical analysis.

Objectives: To describe the historical evolution and dissemination of the Oral Medicine and Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology international societies and associations across the globe, and to provide insights into their significant contributions toward oral health promotion.

Study Design: This review was conducted in accordance with the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group guidance. The reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR).

Gut Microbiome Is Related to Cognitive Impairment in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients.

Gut microbiota disturbances may influence cognitive function, increasing uremic toxins and inflammation in dialysis patients; therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association of the gut microbiota profile with cognitive impairment (CI) in patients on automated peritoneal dialysis (APD). In a cross-sectional study, cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in 39 APD patients and classified as normal cognitive function and CI. The gut microbiota was analyzed using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach.

A Novel Foodstuff Mixture Improves the Gut-Liver Axis in MASLD Mice and the Gut Microbiota in Overweight/Obese Patients.

Microbial community control is crucial for maintaining homeostasis of the gut-liver axis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Here, we show that supplementation with a mixture of Mexican foodstuffs (MexMix)- (nopal), (cocoa) and (crickets)-enriches several beneficial taxa in MASLD mice and overweight/obese humans. Thus, MexMix induces an important prebiotic effect.

677C>T and 1298A>C Variants in Mothers of Infants with Down Syndrome from Western Mexico.

Several studies in mothers of infants with Down syndrome (DS) (MoIDS) have suggested that the 677C>T and 1298A>C variants of the 5,10-methylentetrahydrofolate reductase () gene can increase the risk of having a child with DS. This study aimed to evaluate the 677C>T and 1298A>C variants as potential maternal risk factors for DS. Using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay, we genotyped 95 MoIDS and 164 control mothers from western Mexico.

Thoracoscopic treatment of mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenomas: a Latinamerica experience case series and literature review.

Background: Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is a disease caused by hypersecretion of one or more parathyroid glands, it can be associated with ectopic mediastinal parathyroid glands (MEPA) in 2% of cases. The use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for the surgical resection of these glands is a safe, cost-effective, and low morbidity option for patients with MEPA. We report a case series of patients with this disease managed with VATS, the first in Mexico and Latinamerica.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Subtypes Classified by Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes: Results of a Mexican Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study "Cuido Mi Embarazo".

Purpose: This study explores the impact of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) subtypes classified by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) values on maternal and perinatal outcomes.

Patients And Methods: This multicenter prospective cohort study (May 2019-December 2022) included participants from the Mexican multicenter cohort study (CME). Women were classified into four groups per 75-g 2-h OGTT: 1) normal glucose tolerance (normal OGTT), 2) GDM-Sensitivity (isolated abnormal fasting or abnormal fasting in combination with 1-h or 2-h abnormal results), 3) GDM-Secretion (isolated abnormal values at 1-h or 2-h or their combination), and 4) GDM-Mixed (three abnormal values).

Clinically Effective Molecules of Natural Origin for Obesity Prevention or Treatment.

The prevalence and incidence of obesity and the comorbidities linked to it are increasing worldwide. Current therapies for obesity and associated pathologies have proven to cause a broad number of adverse effects, and often, they are overpriced or not affordable for all patients. Among the alternatives currently available, natural bioactive compounds stand out.

Acute Myocardial Injury Assessed by High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Levels in Adult Patients with Early Sepsis at a Tertiary Referral Center in Mexico: An Exploratory Study.

The objective of the study was to describe the frequency of acute myocardial injury (AMI) assessed by high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) levels and to determine the possible initial risk factors (related to the characteristics of the patient, the disease, and the initial management) in a population of adult patients with early sepsis (within the first 72 h of diagnosis) in a single tertiary hospital center in western Mexico. For the inferential statistics, the proportions of the categorical dichotomous variables were compared using the chi-square test. In all analyses, values less than 0.

Advances of Nanotechnology in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising technology in the field of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), specifically in the implementation of diagnosis and treatment strategies. Nanotechnology-based approaches, such as nanoparticle-based contrast agents and nanoscale imaging techniques, have shown great potential for enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of HCC detection. These approaches provide high-resolution imaging and allow for the detection of molecular markers and alterations in cellular morphology associated with HCC.

AdhMMP8 Vector Administration in Muscle: An Alternate Strategy to Regress Hepatic Fibrosis.

The development of several vaccines against the SARS-CoV2 virus and their application in millions of people have shown efficacy and safety in the transfer of genes to muscle turning this tissue into a protein-producing factory. Established advanced liver fibrosis, is characterized by replacement of hepatic parenchyma by tissue scar, mostly collagen type I, with increased profibrogenic and proinflammatory molecules gene expression. Matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) is an interstitial collagen-degrading proenzyme acting preferentially on collagen type I when activated.

Evaluation of the Effects of Atorvastatin and N-Acetyl Cysteine on Platelet Counts in Patients with Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia: An Exploratory Clinical Trial.

We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of atorvastatin and N-acetyl cysteine in increasing platelet counts in patients with immune thrombocytopenia who were resistant to steroid therapy or had a relapse after treatment. : The patients included in this study received oral treatment of atorvastatin at a dose of 40 mg daily and N-acetyl cysteine at a dose of 400 mg every 8 h. The desired treatment duration was 12 months, but we included patients who completed at least 1 month of treatment in the analysis.

Sex differences in the influence of type 2 diabetes (T2D)-related genes, parental history of T2D, and obesity on T2D development: a case-control study.

Background: This study investigated the effect of sex and age at type 2 diabetes (T2D) diagnosis on the influence of T2D-related genes, parental history of T2D, and obesity on T2D development.

Methods: In this case-control study, 1012 T2D cases and 1008 healthy subjects were selected from the Diabetes in Mexico Study database. Participants were stratified by sex and age at T2D diagnosis (early, ≤ 45 years; late, ≥ 46 years).