The experience of living with human immunodeficiency virus among adolescents at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Bahir-Dar, Northwest Ethiopia, A phenomenological study.

Background: Adolescents who have the human immunodeficiency virus face difficulties in their lives not just from the physical consequences of the illness but also from social stigma and discrimination. The quantitative side of this issue was the focus of earlier Ethiopian research. However, there hasn't been any prior research done extensively in Ethiopia on the real-life experiences of teenagers infected with HIV.

Machine-learning methodologies to predict disease progression in chronic hepatitis B in Africa.

Background: Little is known about the determinants of disease progression among African patients with chronic HBV infection.

Methods: We used machine-learning models with longitudinal data to establish predictive algorithms in a well-characterized cohort of Ethiopian HBV-infected patients without baseline liver fibrosis. Disease progression was defined as an increase in liver stiffness to >7.

FMT reduces systemic inflammatory response in severe acute pancreatitis by increasing the abundance of intestinal and fecal bacteria.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is one of the leading causes of hospital admissions for gastrointestinal diseases, with a rising incidence worldwide. Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis caused by SAP exacerbates systemic inflammatory response syndrome and organ dysfunction. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic option for gastrointestinal diseases.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of health-related quality of life among patients with cardiovascular diseases in Ethiopia.

Introduction: Despite Ethiopia's best efforts, the physical, psychological, social, and environmental aspects of quality of life among patients with cardiovascular illnesses such as hypertension have not received adequate consideration. The quality of life among patients with cardiovascular diseases in Ethiopia has not been thoroughly examined; therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with health-related quality of life among patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Methods: The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis were reported in accordance with the International Recommended Reporting items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines.

Triglyceride-glucose index as a mediator of body mass index and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a nationally representative longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Body mass index (BMI) consistently correlates with the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a marker of insulin resistance, which in turn is linked to heightened cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Thus, insulin resistance could potentially mediate the association between BMI and CVD risk. However, few studies have explored this mechanism in the general population.

Dyslipidemia and associated factors among adult type two diabetes mellitus patients in Felege Hiywot Refral, Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, 2023.

Background: Dyslipidemia is a common condition in type two diabetic patients, and it is thought to have a significant role in moderating the cardiovascular risk associated with diabetes. Data on serum lipid profiles in type 2 diabetes patients from Bahir Dar, Ethiopia is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia among adult type 2 diabetes patients and to explore potential contributing factors.

Comparative Analysis of Gelatin/Polylactic Acid and Commercial PLA Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND This study included 32 patients with single missing teeth and alveolar bone defects and aimed to compare outcomes from guided bone regeneration with a gelatin/polylactic acid (GT/PLA) barrier membrane and a Guidor® bioresorbable matrix barrier dental membrane. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 32 participants were recruited in the clinical study, with single missing teeth and alveolar bone defects, requiring guided bone regeneration (32 missing teeth in total). They were randomly divided into the GT/PLA membrane group (experimental) and Guidor® membrane group (control) by the envelope method (n=16).

Bacteriological quality of drinking water and its associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Drinking contaminated water is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in Sub-Saharan Africa, where access to safe drinking water is limited. Although numerous studies have investigated the bacteriological quality of drinking water in Ethiopia, their findings have been inconsistent and varied, hindering the implementation of effective water quality monitoring. Moreover, there is a lack of nationwide assessment of the bacteriological quality of drinking water in Ethiopia.

Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorder and ergonomic risk practice among medical laboratory professionals at health facilities of eastern Ethiopia.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders represent a significant occupational problem due to poor ergonomic workstations among medical laboratory professionals; however, there is limited information regarding ergonomic-related musculoskeletal disorders among laboratory personnel in Ethiopia, particularly in eastern Ethiopia.

Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was implemented among 241 Medical Laboratory Professionals (MLPs) from December 20, 2023, to January 20, 2024. A standardized questionnaire adapted from the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire and a combination of self-administered surveys and direct observational techniques was used for data collection.

Developing a comprehensive framework for evaluating public health emergency management program implementation: A scoping review.

Objectives: Public health emergencies and disasters highlight gaps in health systems' emergency preparedness capabilities. Developing robust public health emergency management (PHEM) programs is crucial yet challenging. Existing assessment tools are limited in scope or lack standardized measurement.

Clinical simulation practice and associated factors among nurse and midwife educators working at teaching institutions in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia: a mixed methods study.

Introduction: Simulation is defined as "the processes by which we are trying to achieve results approximating clinical practice as closely as possible." It is a technique for replacing or completing real-life experiences with guided experiences.

Objective: To assess and explore clinical simulation practice and associated factors among nurse and midwife educators working at teaching institutions in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.

Systematic analysis of sugammadex-related adverse drug reaction signals using FAERS database.

Background: With the clinical integration of sugammadex, a selective relaxant-binding agent, the approach to reversing neuromuscular blockade is revolutionized. Despite its efficacy, sugammadex's adverse reactions range from mild symptoms to severe cases, including anaphylaxis and coagulopathy. Assessing the nature of these reactions using the Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database is vital for safe anesthetic practice.

Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants and their threats in Yeki district, Southwestern Ethiopia.

Background: Ethiopia is recognized as a significant center of origin for a wide variety of plant species, particularly those with medicinal properties. A substantial segment of the population across the nation depends on these therapeutic plants for their primary healthcare needs. Many communities, both rural and urban, engage in traditional medicine practices, passing down their knowledge orally from one generation to the next.

Empagliflozin improves pressure-overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Background: Empagliflozin (EMPA) is an SGLT-2 inhibitor that can control hyperglycemia. Clinical trials have indicated its cardio-protective effects against cardiac remodeling in diabetes or non-diabetes patients. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of EMPA's cardio-protective effects remain elusive.

Prevalence of human visceral leishmaniasis and its risk factors in Eastern Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Visceral Leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar, is a potentially fatal, neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan parasite and transmitted through infected sandflies. It is one of the major global public health problems and contributors to economic crisis among people. Though different studies investigated human visceral leishmaniasis in Eastern Africa, the findings were inconsistent and inconclusive enough, and there is no representative data on this devastating public health concern.

Major electrolyte disorder and associated factors among patients with chronic disease in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Alterations in electrolytes are associated with a number of clinical problems and prompt diagnosis of electrolyte disorder and treatment are crucial in the management of patients with chronic illness. Even though, major electrolyte disorders are common among patients with chronic diseases, the problem were not received enough attention. Thus, the aim of this review was to determine the pooled prevalence and associated factors of major electrolyte disorder among patients with chronic diseases.

Self-screening practice of breast cancer and associated factors among female students in Ethiopian universities using the theory of planned behavior: a cross sectional study.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females. Assessing self-screening practices for breast cancer patients is vital for developing targeted interventions. The current study aimed to assess self-screening practices for breast cancer and associated factors via the theory of planned behavior constructs among female students in Ethiopian universities.

Evaluation of the diagnostic techniques in the detection of hookworm infestation among school children in Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study design.

Background: Hookworm infestation is an important public health concern especially in regions with poor sanitation and limited resources. In healthcare institutions in Ethiopia, wet mount microscopy with low performance has been used as the sole diagnostic technique. Sensitive diagnostic methods are essential for the proper identification of hookworm infection in national strategies for hookworm prevention and management.

Preoperative prognostic nutritional index and systemic immune inflammation index for predicting the efficacy and survival time of patients with osteosarcoma undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgery.

Objective: To explore the value of preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) for predicting the efficacy and prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) combined with surgery.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with osteosarcoma undergoing NACT combined with surgery in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 2017 to May 2019. The patients were grouped into a remission group (pCR group, 85 patients) and a non-remission group (non-pCR, 79 patients), according to the treatment efficacy.

Recovery rate and predictors among children aged 6-59 months with severe acute malnutrition in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study.

Introduction: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a critical public health concern in Ethiopia, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates among children. Despite the improvement in hospital coverage and the development of standardized WHO treatment guidelines, recent reviews indicated a wide range in recovery rates (34%-88%) due to several context-specific factors. Understanding the factors influencing the recovery time can help inform targeted interventions and improve the overall management of SAM cases.

Obstetric violence and associated factors among women who gave birth at public hospitals in Addis Ababa city administration, Ethiopia.

Background: Obstetric violence during labor and delivery is one of the main reasons that women do not seek care from health caregivers in health facilities. Developing respectful maternity care services for women is the most important approach to ensure better newborn and maternal outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the magnitude of obstetric violence and associated factors among women who gave birth at public hospitals in Addis Adaba city administration, Ethiopia.