Can blood-flow restriction resistance training enhance remote strength transfer? A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Objectives: This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of blood flow restriction resistance training (BFR-RT) on strength gains in untrained limbs (remote strength transfer [RST]).

Literature Survey: A search for studies was performed using six databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, SPORTDiscus, and ScienceDirect) up to February 2024.

Methodology: Studies that assessed the RST phenomenon following BFR-RT and measured muscle strength were included.

Characterisation of specific responses to three models of viral antigens in immunocompetent older adults.

Background: Memory responses to the antigens that an individual encounters throughout life may vary with the intensity and duration of antigen contacts or even with changes in immune status over time. This work aims to characterise specific responses to latent CMV, seasonal influenza and novel SARS-CoV-2 infections in immunocompetent individuals over 60 years of age. Specific cellular and humoral responses were identified by IFN-γ and granzyme B release by ELISpot and antibody level measurement.

The efficacy of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in the prevention of surgical site occurrences in open abdominal surgery: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: The secondary consequences of surgical site occurrences, especially surgical site infections, worsen the patient's outcomes while significantly increasing health care costs. The implementation of preventive measures to reduce this complication rate should be one of the priorities to improve health care.

Methods: A randomized, open-label clinical trial was conducted between March 2019 and March 2021 in a general surgery department.

Do the Activity Indices Used in Axial Spondyloarthritis Capture the Relationships Between Obesity, Smoking and Disease Activity in the Same Way?

Obesity and smoking have been related to increased disease activity in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), but these associations might vary depending on the composite index chosen to assess disease activity. We aimed to check this possibility. Three hundred and thirty consecutive patients were recruited from the monographic axSpA unit of a university center.

Exploring differential miRNA expression profiles in muscular and visceral adipose tissue of patients with severe obesity.

Background: This study aims to investigate the differential miRNA expression profile between the visceral white adipose tissue and the skeletal muscle of people with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery.

Methods: Skeletal muscle and visceral adipose tissue samples of 10 controls and 38 people with obesity (50% also with type 2 diabetes) undergoing bariatric surgery were collected. miRNA expression profiles were analyzed using Next-Generation Sequencing and subsequently validated using RT-PCR.

Protective Effect of High Adherence to Mediterranean Diet on the Risk of Incident Type-2 Diabetes in Subjects with MAFLD: The Di@bet.es Study.

: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) increases the risk of Type-2 Diabetes (T2DM). The Mediterranean diet (MD) has shown advantages in the management of MAFLD and preventing co-morbidities; however, its relationship with T2DM development in MAFLD has been less investigated. We aimed to evaluate the association of MD adherence with the risk of incident T2DM in the Spanish adult population with MAFLD and according to their weight gain at 7.

Epigenetic Study of Cohort of Monozygotic Twins With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Due to MYBPC3 (Cardiac Myosin-Binding Protein C).

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is an autosomal dominant cardiac disease. The mechanisms that determine its variable expressivity are poorly understood. Epigenetics could play a crucial role in bridging the gap between genotype and phenotype by orchestrating the interplay between the environment and the genome regulation.

Burden of postmenopausal breast cancer attributable to excess body weight: comparative study of body mass index and CUN-BAE in MCC-Spain study.

Background: 10% of postmenopausal breast cancer cases are attributed to a high body mass index (BMI). BMI underestimates body fat, particularly in older women, and therefore the cancer burden attributable to obesity may be even higher. However, this is not clear.

Calling for allied efforts to strengthen digital health literacy in Sweden: perspectives of policy makers.

Background: A more digitalised world comes with the promise to improve people's lives. Therefore, it is essential that policymakers also align digital interventions with initiatives to empower citizens and strengthen their digital health literacy. The aim of this study was to explore the views of Swedish policymakers regarding the potential and barriers of a European strategy to strengthen digital health literacy.

Clinical-Ultrasound Model to Predict the Clinical Course in Bronchiolitis.

Background: The aim of the present study was to develop a clinical-ultrasound model for early detection of hospital admission, pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission, and oxygen requirement in children diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis (AB). Furthermore, the prognostic ability of models including sonographic data from antero-lateral, lateral-posterior, and posterior areas (eight zones) vs. antero-lateral and lateral-posterior areas (six zones) vs.

Maternal immune activation and its multifaceted effects on learning and memory in rodent offspring: A systematic review.

This systematic review explored the impact of maternal immune activation (MIA) on learning and memory behavior in offspring, with a particular focus on sexual dimorphism. We analyzed 20 experimental studies involving rodent models (rats and mice) exposed to either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or POLY I:C during gestation following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Our findings reveal that most studies report a detrimental impact of MIA on the learning and memory performance of offspring, highlighting the significant role of prenatal environmental factors in neurodevelopment.

Amplification-Free Strategy for miRNA Quantification in Human Serum Using Single Particle ICP-MS and Gold Nanoparticles as Labels.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are short single-stranded RNA sequences between 18 and 24 nucleotides, are known to play a crucial role in gene expression. Changes in their expression are not only involved in many diseases but also as a response to physiological changes, such as physical exercise. In this work, a new analytical strategy for the sensitive and specific analysis of miRNA sequences in human plasma is presented.

Effects of mass casualty incidents on anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder among doctors and nurses: a systematic review.

Objectives: Doctors and nurses suffer different mental health conditions following traumatic incidents. We systematically synthesized existing evidence on the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and their associated risk factors among doctors and nurses following mass casualty incidents (MCIs).

Study Design: Systematic review.

The Antimicrobial Activity of Human Defensins at Physiological Non-Permeabilizing Concentrations Is Caused by the Inhibition of the Plasma Membrane H-ATPases.

Human defensins are cysteine-rich peptides (Cys-rich peptides) of the innate immune system. Defensins contain an ancestral structural motif (i.e.

Assessing Predictive Value of SARS-CoV-2 Epitope-Specific CD8 T-Cell Response in Patients with Severe Symptoms.

Specific T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 provided an overview of acquired immunity during the pandemic. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity determines the severity of acute illness, but also might be related to the possible persistence of symptoms (long COVID). We retrospectively analyzed ex vivo longitudinal CD8 T cell responses in 26 COVID-19 patients diagnosed with severe disease, initially (1 month) and long-term (10 months), and in a cohort of 32 vaccinated healthcare workers without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The lipopolysaccharide-TLR4 axis regulates hepatic glutaminase 1 expression promoting liver ammonia build-up as steatotic liver disease progresses to steatohepatitis.

Introduction: Ammonia is a pathogenic factor implicated in the progression of metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The contribution of the glutaminase 1 (GLS) isoform, an enzyme converting glutamine to glutamate and ammonia, to hepatic ammonia build-up and the mechanisms underlying its upregulation in metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remain elusive.

Methods: Multiplex transcriptomics and targeted metabolomics analysis of liver biopsies in dietary mouse models representing the whole spectra of MASLD were carried out to characterize the relevance of hepatic GLS during disease pathological progression.

Ultrasound Cut-Off Values for Rectus Femoris for Detecting Sarcopenia in Patients with Nutritional Risk.

Background: A nationwide, prospective, multicenter, cohort study (the Disease-Related caloric-protein malnutrition EChOgraphy (DRECO) study) was designed to assess the usefulness of ultrasound of the rectus femoris for detecting sarcopenia in hospitalized patients at risk of malnutrition and to define cut-off values of ultrasound measures.

Methods: Patients at risk of malnutrition according to the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) underwent handgrip dynamometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), a Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and rectus femoris ultrasound studies. European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria were used to define categories of sarcopenia (at risk, probable, confirmed, severe).

Propionate and butyrate counteract renal damage and progression to chronic kidney disease.

Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mainly acetate, propionate and butyrate, are produced by gut microbiota through fermentation of complex carbohydrates that cannot be digested by the human host. They affect gut health and can contribute at the distal level to the pathophysiology of several diseases, including renal pathologies.

Methods: SCFA levels were measured in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients (n = 54) at different stages of the disease, and associations with renal function and inflammation parameters were examined.

Plasma-Based Scaffold Containing Bone-Marrow Mononuclear Cells Promotes Wound Healing in a Mouse Model of Pressure Injury.

Pressure injuries, or pressure ulcers, are a common problem that may lead to infections and major complications, besides being a social and economic burden due to the costs of treatment and hospitalization. While surgery is sometimes necessary, this also has complications such as recurrence or wound dehiscence. Among the newer methods of pressure injury treatment, advanced therapies are an interesting option.