'Insufficient'/'Inadequate'/'Non-Diagnostic' Category of the WHO Reporting System for Lung Cytopathology, 2022: A Survey About Use in Practice.

Introduction: The new 'WHO Reporting System for Lung Cytopathology' (2022) includes an 'Insufficient'/'Inadequate'/'Non-diagnostic' category. Although they recommend that each laboratory should choose one term to report this diagnostic category, they do not recommend one term over the others. Our aim was to evaluate the use of these three terms in pulmonary FNACs among Spanish pathologists.

Incidental finding in urine cytology in a patient with chronic renal disease.

An incidental finding in urine smears from a patient with a presumptive diagnosis of an IgA mesangial nephropathy is presented. A possible example of the potential value of urine cytology in functional renal disorders. We report a case of an incidental finding in urine cytology from a patient with a presumptive diagnosis of an IgA mesangial glomerulonephritis, previously diagnosed as atypical urothelial cells.

Striated duct adenoma: The cytological description of a rare entity.

Introduction: Striated duct adenoma is a benign salivary gland tumour recently recognized by the World Health Organization. To date, no report has described the cytological features of this entity.

Materials And Methods: We report the case of a 60-year-old woman with a tumour in the right parotid gland with a diameter greater than 2.

A multi-site study on sex differences in cortical thickness in non-demented Parkinson's disease.

Clinical, cognitive, and atrophy characteristics depending on sex have been previously reported in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, though sex differences in cortical gray matter measures in early drug naïve patients have been described, little is known about differences in cortical thickness (CTh) as the disease advances. Our multi-site sample comprised 211 non-demented PD patients (64.

Unraveling brain fog in post-COVID syndrome: Relationship between subjective cognitive complaints and cognitive function, fatigue, and neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Background And Purpose: "Brain fog" is a frequent and disabling symptom that can occur after SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, its clinical characteristics and the relationships among brain fog and objective cognitive function, fatigue, and neuropsychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety) are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to examine the characteristics of brain fog and to understand how fatigue, cognitive performance, and neuropsychiatric symptoms and the mutual relationships among these variables influence subjective cognitive complaints.

Anal cytology: Diagnosis of intestinal spirochaetosis.

Objective: A case of intestinal spirochaetosis diagnosed in anal cytology is presented.

Methods: An anal liquid-based cytology was performed and stained with Papanicolau and Warthin-Starry stains.

Results: An apical filamentous "fringe" was identified in columnar cells groups.

Development of criteria for cognitive dysfunction in post-COVID syndrome: the IC-CoDi-COVID approach.

Background: We aimed to develop objective criteria for cognitive dysfunction associated with the post-COVID syndrome.

Methods: Four hundred and four patients with post-COVID syndrome from two centers were evaluated with comprehensive neuropsychological batteries. The International Classification for Cognitive Disorders in Epilepsy (IC-CoDE) framework was adapted and implemented.

Multimodal neuroimaging in post-COVID syndrome and correlation with cognition.

Brain changes have been reported in the first weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, limited literature exists about brain alterations in post-COVID syndrome, a condition increasingly associated with cognitive impairment. The present study aimed to evaluate brain functional and structural alterations in patients with post-COVID syndrome, and assess whether these brain alterations were related to cognitive dysfunction.

Primary progressive aphasia: in search of brief cognitive assessments.

This scientific commentary refers to 'Utility of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III online calculator to differentiate the primary progressive aphasia variants' by Foxe . (https://doi.org/10.

Neuropsychological Predictors of Fatigue in Post-COVID Syndrome.

Fatigue is one of the most disabling symptoms in several neurological disorders and has an important cognitive component. However, the relationship between self-reported cognitive fatigue and objective cognitive assessment results remains elusive. Patients with post-COVID syndrome often report fatigue and cognitive issues several months after the acute infection.

Advances in Primary Progressive Aphasia.

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by progressive and predominant language impairment [...

Disease modifying therapy switching in relapsing multiple sclerosis: A Delphi consensus of the demyelinating expert group of the Spanish society of neurology.

Background: The increase in available disease modifying therapies (DMTs) for multiple sclerosis has led to greater emphasis on improving treatment sequencing paradigms. This article summarises the opinions from a panel of 25 experts on treatment switching approaches in relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS).

Methods: A modified Delphi consensus process was carried out to develop clinically relevant statements for aiding treatment decisions in patients with RMS between the 16 January and the 9 October 2019.

Tractography of supplementary motor area projections in progressive speech apraxia and aphasia.

Progressive apraxia of speech (AOS) is a motor speech disorder affecting the ability to produce phonetically or prosodically normal speech. Progressive AOS can present in isolation or co-occur with agrammatic aphasia and is associated with degeneration of the supplementary motor area. We aimed to assess breakdowns in structural connectivity from the supplementary motor area in patients with any combination of progressive AOS and/or agrammatic aphasia to determine which supplementary motor area tracts are specifically related to these clinical symptoms.

Cognitive dysfunction associated with COVID-19: A comprehensive neuropsychological study.

Objective: Recent evidence suggests that patients suffering post-acute COVID syndrome frequently report cognitive complaints, but their characteristics and pathophysiology are unknown. This study aims to determine the characteristics of cognitive dysfunction in patients reporting cognitive complaints after COVID-19 and to evaluate the correlation between cognitive function and anxiety, depression, sleep, and olfactory function.

Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 50 patients with COVID-19 reporting cognitive complaints 9.

Identification of the main components of spontaneous speech in primary progressive aphasia and their neural underpinnings using multimodal MRI and FDG-PET imaging.

Background: Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by gradual loss of language skills. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic capacity of a connected speech task for the diagnosis of PPA and its variants, to determine the main components of spontaneous speech, and to examine their neural correlates.

Methods: A total of 118 participants (31 patients with nfvPPA, 11 with svPPA, 45 with lvPPA, and 31 healthy controls) were evaluated with the Cookie Theft picture description task and a comprehensive language assessment protocol.

Epilepsy care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the care of all patients around the world. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) COVID-19 and Telemedicine Task Forces examined, through surveys to people with epilepsy (PWE), caregivers, and health care professionals, how the pandemic has affected the well-being, care, and services for PWE. The ILAE included a link on their website whereby PWE and/or their caregivers could fill out a survey (in 11 languages) about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including access to health services and impact on mental health, including the 6-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale.

Spanish Version of the Mini-Linguistic State Examination for the Diagnosis of Primary Progressive Aphasia.

Background: Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative syndrome with three main clinical variants: non-fluent, semantic, and logopenic. Clinical diagnosis and accurate classification are challenging and often time-consuming. The Mini-Linguistic State Examination (MLSE) has been recently developed as a short language test to specifically assess language in neurodegenerative disorders.

Underpinnings of verbal fluency in Multiple Sclerosis.

The cognitive and language processes underlying verbal fluency remain unclear. While some cognitive processes related to memory and executive functioning have been more associated with category and letter verbal fluency, other less studied aspects of language ability could be also related. We discuss the contribution of the recent study by Lebkuecher and colleagues (2021) about the role of language in verbal fluency, and the data from other studies evaluating the cognitive and neuroimaging correlates of verbal fluency in MS.

The initial impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on epilepsy research.

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the face of many practices throughout the world. Through necessity to minimize spread and provide clinical care to those with severe disease, focus has been on limiting face-to-face contact. Research in many areas has been put on hold.

Whole-Exome Sequencing and C9orf72 Analysis in Primary Progressive Aphasia.

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is mainly considered a sporadic disease and few studies have systematically analyzed its genetic basis. We here report the analyses of C9orf72 genotyping and whole-exome sequencing data in a consecutive and well-characterized cohort of 50 patients with PPA. We identified three pathogenic GRN variants, one of them unreported, and two cases with C9orf72 expansions.