Nurse home visiting and prenatal substance use in a socioeconomically disadvantaged population in British Columbia: analysis of prenatal secondary outcomes in an ongoing randomized controlled trial.

Background: Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP) involves public health nurses providing frequent home visits from early pregnancy until children reach age 2 years, focusing on first-time parents experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage. Our aim was to evaluate NFP's effectiveness in improving child and maternal health.

Methods: We conducted an analysis of prenatal secondary outcomes in an ongoing randomized controlled trial in British Columbia; the data used in this analysis were collected from January 2014 to May 2017.

An In-Depth Exploration of Knowledge and Beliefs Associated with Soda and Diet Soda Consumption.

The need to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is widely accepted, but whether artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) are a recommended alternative is a growing policy issue because of emerging evidence of potential health effects associated with excess consumption. This study aimed to establish the extent of the Australian population's knowledge of the risks associated with consuming SSBs (e.g.

Depictions of Alcohol in Australian TV 'Bachelor In Paradise': A Content Analysis.

Aims: To quantify the depictions of alcohol in the popular Australian reality TV show-Bachelor in Paradise (season 1: 2018).

Methods: All 16 episodes were coded in 1-min intervals for the presence of alcoholic beverage related content and non-alcoholic beverage content, and the categories of actual use, implied use and other references.

Results: Alcohol was highly prevalent in all episodes.

Co-occurring trajectories of anxiety and insistence on sameness behaviour in autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have increased susceptibility to anxiety disorders. Variation in a common ASD symptom, insistence on sameness behaviour, may predict future anxiety symptoms.

Aims: To describe the joint heterogeneous longitudinal trajectories of insistence on sameness and anxiety in children with ASD and to characterise subgroups at higher risk for anxiety.

Cancers of the corpus uteri treated in South Australian public hospitals: Trends in clinical management and survival across three decades.

Objective: To investigate treatment and survival over three decades.

Methods: Clinical registry data from three major public hospitals analysed using Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimates and multivariate proportional hazard regression to determine disease-specific survival.

Results: Five-year survival increased from 75% to 84%.

Monitoring TNM stage of female breast cancer and survival across the South Australian population, with national and international TNM benchmarking: A population-based cohort study.

Objective: Using linked cancer registry and administrative data to monitor, tumour, node and metastases (TNM) stage and survival from female breast cancer in Australia.

Method: Analysis of 2000-2014 diagnoses with linked population-based data to investigate: (1) sociodemographic predictors of advanced stage (stages III and IV), using unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression; and (2) sociodemographic factors and stage as predictors of breast cancer survival using competing risk regression.

Design: Population-based registry cohort.

Nothing beats taste or convenience: a national survey of where and why people buy sugary drinks in Australia.

Objective: There is limited knowledge of what influences sugary drink purchasing decisions in the Australian population. This study aimed to identify the most common locations and reasons across different demographic groups for purchasing sugary drinks in Australia.

Methods: A total of 891 respondents (who purchased sugary drinks for personal consumption at least occasionally) from a broader national population telephone survey of Australian adults conducted in 2017 (n=3,430) were included in the analysis.

Retaining participants in community-based health research: a case example on standardized planning and reporting.

Background: Effective strategies for participant retention are critical in health research to ensure validity, generalizability and efficient use of resources. Yet standardized guidelines for planning and reporting on retention efforts have been lacking. As with randomized controlled trial (RCT) and systematic review (SR) protocols, retention protocols are an opportunity to improve transparency and rigor.

Selling function: the advertising of sugar-containing beverages on Australian television.

Reducing population consumption of sugar-containing beverages has become a public health priority in many countries due to causal evidence between high consumption, weight gain and non-communicable diseases. This study aims to explore how sugar-containing beverages are associated with health and wellness in television advertisements. Our sample consisted of all televised advertisements from sugar-containing beverage manufacturers aired on free-to-air television from one Australian network (four channels) in 2016 (n = 30 unique advertisements).

Profiles and Predictors of Academic and Social School Functioning among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

: The purpose of the study was to identify profiles and predictors of academic and social functioning in a sample of school-age children with autism spectrum disorder.: The study included 178 children (88% boys, 75% Caucasian, ages 10-11) who completed a standardized measure of academic skills and whose teachers completed a related measure. Measures of both academic and social performance were used to construct profiles of school functioning.

The role of social norms in the relationship between anti-smoking advertising campaigns and smoking cessation: a scoping review.

A systematic scoping review of anti-smoking mass media campaign literature provided opportunity to explore how social normative theories and constructs are used to influence smoking cessation. Synthesis of findings was constrained by significant heterogeneity. Nevertheless, the results indicate that a broader conceptualization of social norm is worthy of further exploration.

Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Juice, Artificially-Sweetened Soda and Bottled Water: An Australian Population Study.

Reducing consumption of free sugars, such as those found in high concentrations in manufactured products such as sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and 100% fruit juices, is a global public health priority. This study aimed to measure prevalence of widely available pre-packaged non-alcoholic water-based beverages (carbonated sodas, sports drinks, energy drinks, artificially-sweetened sodas, fruit juices (any type), and bottled water) and to comprehensively examine behavioral, environmental, current health, and demographic correlates of consumption. A cross-sectional, nationally-representative population survey of 3430 Australian adults (18+ years) was conducted using computer-assisted telephone (mobile and landline) interviewing.

What makes a beverage healthy? A qualitative study of young adults' conceptualisation of sugar-containing beverage healthfulness.

Sugar-containing beverages are the leading source of added sugar consumption among young adults. The aim of this study was to explore how young adults conceptualise what influences the healthfulness of sugar-containing beverages. Seven focus groups stratified by gender and educational institute were conducted with South Australians aged 18-25 years (n = 32).

Repetitive Behavior Severity as an Early Indicator of Risk for Elevated Anxiety Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Objective: A significant proportion of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) will develop an anxiety disorder during childhood. Restricted and repetitive behavior severity in ASD positively correlates with anxiety severity in cross-sectional surveys. The longitudinal relationship between restricted/repetitive behavior and future anxiety symptoms is unclear.

The British Columbia Healthy Connections Project: findings on socioeconomic disadvantage in early pregnancy.

Background: Maternal exposure to socioeconomic disadvantage increases the risk of child injuries and subsequent child developmental and mental health problems - particularly for young mothers. To inform early intervention planning, this research therefore aimed to describe the health and social adversities experienced by a cohort of girls and young women in early pregnancy in British Columbia (BC), Canada.

Methods: Participants were recruited for the BC Healthy Connections Project (BCHCP), a randomized controlled trial examining the effectiveness of Nurse-Family Partnership, a home visitation program, in improving child and maternal outcomes.

Examining Trajectories of Daily Living Skills over the Preschool Years for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience slower development of daily living skills (DLS) that are essential for independent functioning compared to typically developing children. Few studies have examined the trajectories of DLS in preschoolers with ASD and the existing literature has reported conflicting results. This study examined DLS trajectories and potential covariates for preschoolers with ASD from a multi-site longitudinal study following children from diagnosis to the end of grade 1.

Six decades of preventing and treating childhood anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis to inform policy and practice.

Question: Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent childhood mental disorders. They also start early and persist, causing high individual and collective costs. To inform policy and practice, we therefore asked: What is the best available research evidence on preventing and treating these disorders?

Methods: We sought randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating interventions addressing anxiety problems in young people.

Are Australians ready for warning labels, marketing bans and sugary drink taxes? Two cross-sectional surveys measuring support for policy responses to sugar-sweetened beverages.

Objective: To assess public support for 10 potential policy initiatives to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption.

Design: A 2014 historical data set, which employed a face-to-face survey in one Australian state (study 1), provided the basis for comparison with our 2017 nationally representative, cross-sectional, computer-assisted telephone interviewing population survey (study 2).

Participants: Study 1: South Australians, 15+ years (n=2732); study 2: Australians, 18+ years (n=3430).

Australia's sugar tale.

Objective: To establish high intake of free sugars and its related disease burden as a significant public health challenge in Australia.

Design: We discuss five key actions to reduce intake of free sugars tailored to the Australian context. These strategies are informed by reviewing the global scientific evidence on the effectiveness of a range of policy responses to reduce intake of free sugars at the population level.

"When we were young, it really was a treat; now sugar is just the norm every day"-A qualitative study of parents' and young adults' perceptions and consumption of sugary drinks.

Issue Addressed: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are the leading source of free sugars in Australian children's and adults' diets. This study explores drivers of consumption among parents and young adults to inform interventions.

Methods: Eight focus groups (n = 59) stratified by gender, age/life stage and SES were analysed thematically.

Developmental functioning and symptom severity influence age of diagnosis in Canadian preschool children with autism.

Background: Early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is essential in most Canadian jurisdictions to access interventions that improve long-term child outcomes. Our main objective was to identify factors associated with timing of ASD diagnosis in five provinces across Canada.

Methods: Factors influencing age of diagnosis were assessed in the analyses of an inception cohort of children diagnosed with ASD between ages 2 and 5 years.

Comparing the 1-year impact of preschool autism intervention programs in two Canadian provinces.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with early differences in children's social interactions, communication, and play/interests. In many countries, considerable resources are invested in early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) programs for children with ASD, which aim to build adaptive skills and prevent or treat problem behavior. However, these programs vary widely in structure and delivery.

Fifty years of preventing and treating childhood behaviour disorders: a systematic review to inform policy and practice.

Question: Oppositional defiant and conduct disorders (ODD and CD) start early and persist, incurring high individual and collective costs. To inform policy and practice, we therefore asked: What is the best available research evidence on preventing and treating these disorders?

Study Selection And Analysis: We sought randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating interventions addressing the prevention or treatment of behaviour problems in individuals aged 18 years or younger. Our criteria were tailored to identify higher-quality RCTs that were also relevant to policy and practice.