Immobilization of biofunctional molecule with potential osteoinductive efficacy on titanium implant for promoting early-stage osseointegration.

In the present study, porcine-derived collagen type I was covalently immobilized on the surface of titanium (Ti) implants via carboxyl groups introduced by bonded p-vinylbenzoic acid to investigate its in vitro biocompatibility with gingival stem cells and in vivo bone regeneration behavior in the edentulous ridges of Lanyu small-ear pigs at weeks 2 and 6 (short-term effectiveness) through micro-computed tomography and histological analysis. Analytical results found that gingival stem cells showed effective adhesion and spreading on these collagen-immobilized implant surfaces. After 2 and 6 weeks of healing, significant differences in Hounsfield units were observed among the control (week 2 (674.

Analysis of correlations between health-related quality of life and clinical measures after arthroscopic lysis and lavage of the temporomandibular joint.

How well patient perceived outcome reflects clinical measurements after arthroscopic lysis and lavage of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to detect any correlation between patient reported outcome measures (PROM) and clinical follow-up measurements. Patients with internal derangement of the TMJ treated with arthroscopic lysis and lavage 2014-2019 were consented for review of medical records and a follow-up PROM-questionnaire.

Treatment of mandibular condyle fractures with a rhombic 3D condylar fracture plate - Does the surgical approach matter?

Fractures involving the mandibular condyle are a significant subset of mandibular fractures, demanding specialized implant design considerations for effective surgical treatment. The core objective of this study was to assess the clinical and radiographic results in patients treated with a single rhombic-shaped implant according to the surgical approach used. This retrospective cohort investigation, spanning a ten-year recruitment window, included individuals with unilateral fractures who underwent surgical treatment with a rhombic-shaped implant.

3D evaluation of changes in mandibular condyle morphology following orthognathic surgery in patients with maxillomandibular asymmetry: A retrospective study.

Symmetry is integral for the balance and function of the craniofacial complex and making precise diagnosis of asymmetric craniofacial structures is crucial for treatment planning. This study focuses on maxillomandibular asymmetry, examining its impact on condylar resorption and trabecular bone morphology changes following orthognathic surgery. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of patients with and without asymmetry were analyzed pre- and post-surgery.

Quality Improvement Methodologies: An Application in Cardiac Anesthesiology.

Quality improvement (QI) in medicine serves as the cornerstone of best practices. It enhances medical care by maximizing safety and efficiency while minimizing errors and waste. For a QI initiative to succeed it requires careful strategizing and effective change management plans, including the application of established QI methodologies to ensure sustainable success.

A Clinical Trial of 38% Silver Diamine Fluoride With Light Curing in Arresting Dentine Caries in Primary Teeth.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of semi-annual application of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) with and without light curing in arresting dentine caries in primary teeth.

Methods: Children aged 5-7 years with at least 1 active dentine carious lesion were randomly allocated into: Group 1 (38% SDF with light curing: applied SDF for 10 seconds and exposed to LED light for 20 seconds) and Group 2 (38% SDF without light curing: applied SDF for 10 seconds and isolated for 20 seconds). Both interventions were repeated every 6 months.

Evaluating osteopontin as a biomarker of obesity related complications before and after metabolic and bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background/objectives: Obesity is a major public health concern, significantly elevating the risk of developing comorbid conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardio-vascular diseases, while also shortening life expectancy. Currently, metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is one of the most effective long-term interventions for achieving substantial weight loss, alongside notable improvements in overall quality of life. However, evidence suggests that these procedures may negatively affect bone health, leading to an increased risk of fractures.

Effects of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring on body weight and glycemic variability in overweight individuals with impaired glucose tolerance or mild diabetes: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate the effect of visualizing blood glucose variability by intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) on weight reduction in overweight individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or mild type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: Forty overweight (BMI, ≥25 kg/m2) individuals with IGT or T2DM (drug naïve; HbA1c, ≤7.0 %) were included in this 24-week randomized controlled trial.

Concordance of surgical treatment selection with the AUA guidelines for localized renal masses.

Objective: To examine and evaluate guideline concordance of surgical treatment selection at a community-based health system. The AUA guidelines provide specific guidance regarding appropriate utilization of radical nephrectomy (RN) and partial nephrectomy (PN). However, nearly 40% of patients did not fit a guideline-specified scenario in a prior report.

Protective factors for psychological wellbeing: A cross-sectional study of young people attending an urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander primary healthcare service.

Objective: This study aimed to measure associations between protective factors associated with positive psychological outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth living in an urban area.

Methods: Our primary outcome was the absence of psychological distress, reflecting a positive-outcome approach to analyse health assessment data, using modified Poisson regression, from a cohort of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth aged 15 to 24 years attending an urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health service (2016-2021).

Results: Health assessments from 710 participants were analysed, with 72.

Tolerability and effectiveness of face-masks in reducing cough aerosols for children with cystic fibrosis.

Background: People with cystic fibrosis (CF) are recommended to wear face-masks when in healthcare settings. We previously demonstrated that face-masks significantly reduce the release of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) aerosols during coughing in adults with CF.

The Impact of Loneliness on Late-Life Depression and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: This study investigates the association of loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic and the course of depressive, anxiety and sleep symptoms after psychological treatment in older adults.

Methods: During the first wave of the pandemic in 2020, we assessed additional, original data of 132 participants aged ≥60 years who had completed psychological treatment for late-life depression (LLD) in the context of a multicenter, randomized controlled trial (CBT-late). We measured loneliness using the UCLA Loneliness Scale.

A researcher's guide to studying sex differences in immune aging.

Sex differences in immune system aging significantly impact disease susceptibility and vaccine responses among older adults, but with notable disparities between men and women. This area has gained importance because vaccines can exhibit differential efficacy by sex in aging populations, underscoring the need for sex-specific strategies. As the global population ages, understanding these sex-based immune differences is crucial for developing targeted interventions for age-related diseases.

Klebsiella pneumoniae emerging anti-immunology paradigms: from stealth to evasion.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a global threat to human health due to the isolation of multidrug-resistant strains. Despite advancements in understanding KP's population structure, antibiotic resistance mechanisms, and transmission patterns, a gap remains in how KP evades defenses, allowing the pathogen to flourish in tissues despite an activated immune system. KP infection biology has been shaped by the notion that the pathogen has evolved to shield from defenses more than actively suppress them.

Sclerotherapy with low-dose 5% ethanolamine oleate in oral vascular anomalies: a retrospective study.

Objective: To describe the characteristics and outcomes of a cohort of patients with oral vascular anomalies (OVA) treated with sclerotherapy using 5% ethanolamine oleate at a dosage of 0.1 mL per 10 mm of lesion size.

Study Design: Sixty-seven patients were selected from a review of 300 medical records of individuals who had been diagnosed with OVA.

Learning About Classroom Accessibility From a Student-Instructor Partnership.

In this commentary, we, a recent Master of Public Health (MPH) graduate with hearing loss and a course instructor, share what we learned about classroom accessibility while participating in a semester-long qualitative research methods course offered during the COVID-19 pandemic. We complement our reflections on working together with findings from a student field project focused on the lived classroom experiences of graduate students with hearing loss. The field project revealed that students adapted to increased communication challenges in their learning environments without requesting official accommodations due to stigma and a desire to limit their burden on others.

Postoperative Brace Prescription Practices for Elective Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Questionnaire-Based Study of Spine Surgeons in Japan.

Introduction: The efficacy of postoperative braces for degenerative lumbar disorders has long been debated, with conflicting reports regarding the promotion of bone fusion and pain relief. The current aspects of postoperative brace prescriptions have been previously reported in Western countries but not in Asia. This study aimed to elucidate prescription practices in Japan and identify factors influencing prescription decisions.

Generative AI in a new era of computer model-informed tobacco research: a short report.

Background: Social media influencers who promote e-cigarettes on Instagram or TikTok for tobacco brands use marketing tactics to increase the appeal of their promotional content, for example, depicting e-cigarettes alongside healthy lifestyle or entertainment imagery that could decrease youths' risk perceptions of e-cigarettes. Monitoring the prevalence of such content on social media using computer vision and generative AI (artificial intelligence) can provide valuable data for tobacco regulatory science (TRS).

Methods: We selected 102 Instagram and TikTok videos posted by micro-influencers in 2021-2024 who promoted e-cigarettes alongside posts featuring four themes: cannabis, entertainment, fashion or healthy lifestyle.

Cessation and knowledge-building messaging are associated with e-cigarette cessation intentions among youth and young adults in the USA.

Background: Increasing intentions to quit e-cigarettes among youth and young adults can reduce usage rates by making quit attempts more likely. This study assessed the potential impacts of a national media campaign, focused on building knowledge of e-cigarette use risks and cessation resources, on intentions to quit and campaign-targeted beliefs about mental health and quitting.

Methods: A national sample from a repeated cross-sectional online survey was collected from March 2022 to August 2023, among youth and young adults who reported e-cigarette use in the past 30 days (N=5169).

The Minority Tax: Stories from Family Physicians.

The minority tax has been defined as a set of disparities that those who are underrepresented in medicine face in addition to clinical care, education, and research responsibilities. These taxes include systemic racism, diversity efforts, clinical and promotion disparities, lack of faculty development, and isolation. Much has been added to the literature to better define and characterize the minority tax and propose suggestions for mitigations.

Strategies for Implementing Integrated Behavioral Health into Health Centers.

Background: Integrated behavioral health (IBH) is a promising approach which embeds behavioral health services into primary care. Yet, IBH has had limited implementation. Our objective was to identify strategies to successfully implement the "Cherokee" IBH model by examining a 2013 to 2019 IBH demonstration project in New Jersey that included Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) and Community Health Centers (CHCs).

Care Coordination: How Is It Implemented and Is It Different If a Social Worker Is on the Team?

Objective: To understand how primary care clinics coordinate services for complex patients and whether clinics with an integrated social worker do it differently.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey of the 213 most experienced care coordinators for each of the 317 participating clinics.The survey asks about staffing, communications, care model (nursing vs integrated social worker), resources, support, services, how services are available and delivered, payment approach, and satisfaction.