Standardized Approach to Pediatric Post-COVID Syndrome and Its Impact on Children and Adolescents: A Perspective From a Tertiary Center.

Background: Pediatric post-COVID syndrome (pPCS) affects a notable number of children. This study aims to describe its clinical manifestations, biopsychosocial impact and management strategies.

Methods: A prospective, single-center study was conducted to analyze data of pPCS patients presenting to our institution between May 2021 and November 2022.

The trends in diagnosis, management, and care of patients with diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas: Perspectives from a tertiary care hospital of pakistan.

Background: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) primarily affects pediatric patients. Data on the global incidence of DIPG remain sparse, especially in South Asia and low-middle-income countries like Pakistan.

Methods: After exemption from the Ethics Review Committee, a retrospective study was conducted.

Verbal Learning and Memory Deficits across Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Insights from an ENIGMA Mega Analysis.

Deficits in memory performance have been linked to a wide range of neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions. While many studies have assessed the memory impacts of individual conditions, this study considers a broader perspective by evaluating how memory recall is differentially associated with nine common neuropsychiatric conditions using data drawn from 55 international studies, aggregating 15,883 unique participants aged 15-90. The effects of dementia, mild cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, stroke, depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder on immediate, short-, and long-delay verbal learning and memory (VLM) scores were estimated relative to matched healthy individuals.

Mast cell activation syndrome: An up-to-date review of literature.

Mast cells are a subtype of white blood cells and are involved in the immune system. These cells contain many chemical substances called mediators, which are involved in the allergic response. The fact that mast cells play a role in many events that require urgent intervention, especially anaphylaxis, has led to a more detailed study of these cells.

Clinical factors associated with day-to-day peak pain severity in individuals with chronic migraine: A cohort study using daily prospective diary data.

Objective: To describe the association between day-to-day peak pain severity and clinical factors in individuals with chronic migraine (CM).

Background: Little is known about how clinical factors relate to day-to-day pain severity in individuals with CM.

Methods: Adults with CM were enrolled into this observational prospective cohort study that collected daily data about headache, associated symptoms, and lifestyle factors using a digital health platform (N1-Headache™) for 90 days.

Evaluating patient and family preferences for acute and preventive pediatric headache treatment.

Objective: To describe acute and preventive treatment preferences among youth with migraine and their parents/guardians, and to describe the degree of youth-parent/guardian preference agreement.

Background: Headache disorders are common in youth, but little is known about patient and family preferences for headache treatments and outcomes.

Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, a headache treatment preferences questionnaire was co-created with stakeholders, piloted, and distributed to consenting youth with migraine aged 9-18 years and parents/guardians at a tertiary care headache clinic in western Canada.

Non-Pharmacological Treatments in Paediatric Migraine.

Psychological, social, and biological aspects contribute synergistically to the maintenance and chronicity of pain in primary headaches. An integrated intervention seems to be the most appropriate in the management of these conditions, taking advantage not only of pharmacological strategies, but also of different approaches according to the global assessment and patient necessities. In this perspective, non-pharmacological treatments are becoming increasingly used to overcome these issues also in paediatric migraine treatment.

The state of art on the use of patient reported outcomes in migraine.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to explore the use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in migraine. Traditionally assessed through specific features, recent adoption of PROMs allows for a more objective and quantifiable evaluation. PROMs, which are standardized questionnaires collecting health information directly from a patients' perspective, cover various aspects, including migraine specific aspects.

Therapeutic Strategies in Children with Epilepsy: A Quality-of-Life-Related Perspective.

Children with epilepsy are affected by several factors, including clinical and social variables. Among these variables, cognitive decline and behavioral disturbances, perceptions of stigma, and fatigue can lead to reductions in quality of life (QOL). Epileptic activities, including seizure severity, frequent seizures, and status epilepticus (SE), have been identified as important predictors of QOL.

Motor dysfunction as a primary symptom predicts poor outcome: multicenter study of glioma symptoms.

Background And Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate the prognostic value of primary symptoms and leading symptoms in adult patients with diffuse infiltrating glioma and to provide a clinical perspective for evaluating survival.

Methods: This study included a retrospective cohort from two tertiary university hospitals ( = 604, 2006-2013, Tampere University Hospital and Turku University Hospital) and a prospective cohort ( = 156, 2014-2018, Tampere University Hospital). Preoperative symptoms were divided into primary and leading symptoms.

Co-designing clinical trials alongside youth with chronic pain.

Youth have a right to participate in research that will inform the care that they receive. Engagement with children and young people has been shown to improve rates of enrollment and retention in clinical trials as well as reduce research waste. The aim of the study is to gain practical insight on the design of trials specifically on (1) recruitment and retention preferences, (2) potential barriers to research, and (3) study design optimization.

Orofacial Migraine and Other Idiopathic Non-Dental Facial Pain Syndromes: A Clinical Survey of a Social Orofacial Patient Group.

: Orofacial pain syndromes (OFPs) are a heterogeneous group of syndromes mainly characterized by painful attacks localized in facial and oral structures. According to the International Classification of Orofacial Pain (ICOP), the last three groups (non-dental facial pain, NDFP) are cranial neuralgias, facial pain syndromes resembling primary headache syndromes, and idiopathic orofacial pain. These are often clinical challenges because the symptoms may be similar or common among different disorders.

The Headache Psychologists' Role in Pediatric and Adult Headache Care: A Qualitative Study of Expert Practitioners.

Objective: We examined the perspectives of expert headache psychologists to inform best practices for integrating headache psychologists into the care of children and adults with headache disorders within medical settings.

Background: Headache disorders are prevalent, chronic, and disabling neurological conditions. As clinical providers trained in evidence-based behavior change interventions with expertise in headache disorders, headache psychologists are uniquely positioned to provide behavioral headache treatment.

Mathematical Psychiatry: On Cortical Spreading Depression-A Review.

The concept of migraine with aura (MwA) is a widespread condition that can affect up to 30% of migraine patients and manifests itself as a temporary visual illusion followed by a prolonged headache. It was initially pitched as a neurological disease, and observed that the spread of accompanying electrophysiological waves as part of the condition, which came to be known as cortical spreading depression (CSD). A strong theoretical basis for a link between MwA and CSD has eventually led to knowledge of the dynamics between the pair.

Expanding the phenotype of Brunner syndrome from childhood to adulthood: Description of the second pediatric patient and his mother.

Brunner syndrome is a recessive X-linked disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the monoamine oxidase A gene (MAOA). It is characterized by distinctive aggressive behavior, mild intellectual disability, sleep disturbances, and typical biochemical alterations deriving from the impaired monoamine metabolism. We herein describe a 5-year-old boy with developmental delay, autistic features, and myoclonic epilepsy, and his mother, who had mild intellectual disability and recurrent episodes of palpitations, headache, abdominal pain, and abdominal bloating.

Sensitivity and Specificity of a Neuropathic Screening Tool (Self-Report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs, S-LANSS) in Adolescents With Moderate-Severe Chronic Pain.

Neuropathic screening tools improve recognition of neuropathic pain in adults. Although utilized in pediatric populations, the sensitivity, specificity and methodology of screening tool delivery have not been compared in children. We evaluated the Self-Report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS) in adolescents (10-18 years) referred to a tertiary pediatric pain clinic.

Migraine Aura-Catch Me If You Can with EEG and MRI-A Narrative Review.

Roughly one-third of migraine patients suffer from migraine with aura, characterized by transient focal neurological symptoms or signs such as visual disturbance, sensory abnormalities, speech problems, or paresis in association with the headache attack. Migraine with aura is associated with an increased risk for stroke, epilepsy, and with anxiety disorder. Diagnosis of migraine with aura sometimes requires exclusion of secondary causes if neurological deficits present for the first time or are atypical.

Preliminary exploration of a multidimensional sleep health composite in adolescent females with frequent migraine.

Objective: This observational study aimed to: (i) describe and explore preliminary psychometric properties of a multidimensional sleep health composite score in adolescent females with frequent migraine; and (ii) examine associations between the composite score, headache characteristics, and emotional health.

Background: Sleep health is a multidimensional construct comprised of various dimensions of sleep and circadian functioning, including Regularity, Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency, and Duration (Ru-SATED framework). The Ru-SATED sleep health composite score may provide a holistic perspective of sleep among adolescents with frequent migraine in the context of neurobiological and psychosocial impacts on sleep unique to this developmental period.

Placebos in pediatrics: A cross-sectional survey investigating physicians' perspectives.

Objective: Placebo responses are significantly higher in children than in adults, suggesting a potential underused treatment option in pediatric care. To facilitate the clinical translation of these beneficial effects, we explored physicians' current practice, opinions, knowledge, and likelihood of recommending placebos in the future.

Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey administered by REDCap was conducted at Boston Children's Hospital between October 2021 and March 2022.

Engaging youth and parents in clinical pediatric research: A case-based example.

Background: Youth and parent engagement is a key component of clinical research. There are many ways to actively and meaningfully engage youth and parents as integral members of research teams, for example, through ad-hoc committees, advisory councils, or as co-leads on projects. When youth and parents are actively and meaningfully engaged in research projects, they share knowledge from their lived experiences to improve the quality and relevance of research.

Different Aspects of Aging in Migraine.

Migraine is a common neurological disease displaying an unusual dependence on age. For most patients, the peak intensity of migraine headaches occurs in 20s and lasts until 40s, but then headache attacks become less intense, occur less frequently and the disease is more responsive to therapy. This relationship is valid in both females and males, although the prevalence of migraine in the former is 2-4 times greater than the latter.