Co-culture of Helicobacter pylori with oral microorganisms in human saliva.

Objective: Helicobacter pylori is known for colonizing the gastric mucosa and instigating severe upper gastrointestinal diseases such as gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. To date, there is no data available on the oral cavity as transmission site, whether H. pylori can survive in the oral cavity or in human saliva.

Heterogeneity analysis and prognostic model construction of HPV negative oral squamous cell carcinoma T cells using ScRNA-seq and bulk-RNA analysis.

Background: T cells are involved in every stage of tumor development and significantly influence the tumor microenvironment (TME). Our objective was to assess T-cell marker gene expression profiles, develop a predictive risk model for human papilloma virus (HPV)-negative oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) utilizing these genes, and examine the correlation between the risk score and the immunotherapy response.

Methods: We acquired scRNA-seq data for HPV-negative OSCC from the GEO datasets.

Design features of the rotating head total hip arthroplasty by Weber-Huggler- a forgotten technical solution to reduce wear.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a very successful operation. Once the problem of implant fixation was solved with the use of bone cement, the next development steps focused on improving the bearing. Weber, a Swiss surgeon, introduced the first modular heads in THA.

Incidence trends and prognostic factors in head and neck MALT lymphoma.

Primary head and neck mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (HN-MALT) is a rare lymphoma with unknown incidence and prognosis. We allocated HN-MALT data from the Self-Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2000-2021) into training and validation cohorts at a 7:3 ratio. A joinpoint regression analysis was used to examine sex-specific and age-group morbidities, and independent prognostic factors were identified through multivariate Cox analysis to construct a nomogram prediction model and verify the accuracy of prediction.

Melatonin antagonizes bone loss induced by mechanical unloading via IGF2BP1-dependent mA regulation.

Disuse bone loss is prone to occur in individuals who lack mechanical stimulation due to prolonged spaceflight or extended bed rest, rendering them susceptible to fractures and placing an enormous burden on social care; nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms of bone loss caused by mechanical unloading have not been fully elucidated. Numerous studies have focused on the epigenetic regulation of disuse bone loss; yet limited research has been conducted on the impact of RNA modification bone formation in response to mechanical unloading conditions. In this study, we discovered that mA reader IGF2BP1 was downregulated in both osteoblasts treated with 2D clinostat and bone tissue in HLU mice.

Digital Disputes: Minimizing Legal Vulnerability in the Information Age.

Background: This project aims to provide guidance for surgeons' online interactions by reviewing key legal decisions.

Methods: The Nexis Uni database was queried to search for state and federal case law and law journal articles. Search terms were "social media" AND (facial w/s plastic!) and internet AND advice AND "plastic surgery.

Sex-specific association between maternal childhood adversities and offspring's weight gain in a Brazilian cohort.

Maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to negative health and developmental outcomes in offspring. However, whether maternal ACEs influence infant weight gain in the first months of life, and if this effect differs by infant sex, remains unclear. This study included 352 full-term newborns from low-risk pregnancies and their mothers in low-income settings in Brazil.

Approaches for estimating the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of compacted quartz sand via particle packing theory.

The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K) is one of the most important properties for evaluating moisture and gas migration in soil. However, the precise measurement of K in the laboratory often requires considerable time and economic costs. Currently, the most commonly used method to calculate K is to obtain it from the soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) and saturated hydraulic conductivity.

Microbiome analysis in individuals with human papillomavirus oral infection.

Microbiome gained attention as a cofactor in cancers originating from epithelial tissues. High-risk (hr)HPV infection causes oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma but only in a fraction of hrHPV+ individuals, suggesting that other factors play a role in cancer development. We investigated oral microbiome in cancer-free subjects harboring hrHPV oral infection (n = 33) and matched HPV- controls (n = 30).

Neurochemical Alterations Linked to Persistent COVID-19-Induced Anosmia: Probing Into Orbitofrontal Cortex by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

Background: While many COVID-19-induced anosmia patients recover their sense of smell within a few months, a substantial number of them continue to experience olfactory impairment. In our primary study, the metabolic patterns in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) were observed to exhibit more alterations than other regions. Hence, this study specifically probes into alterations within OFC region in subjects with persistent COVID-19-induced anosmia.

Real-world effectiveness of mepolizumab in Japanese asthma patients with diverse backgrounds: Improvements in rhinosinusitis imaging (J-Real-Mepo).

Background: Although randomized controlled trials (RCT) have demonstrated the efficacy of mepolizumab for asthma, they have excluded certain patient subgroups. To bridge the gap between RCT and real-world practice, the effectiveness of mepolizumab in a diverse population, including those potentially excluded from RCT, was assessed. Its effects on imaging findings and symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with asthma were also assessed.

The Incidence and Implication of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Setting of Reinke's Edema.

Objective(s): To assess the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Reinke's edema patients. To evaluate and compare the disease severity of patients who are H. pylori positive with those who are H.

Making sense of vertebrate senses from a neural crest and cranial placode evo-devo perspective.

The evolution of vertebrates from protochordate ancestors marked the beginning of the gradual transition to predatory lifestyles. Enabled by the acquisition of multipotent neural crest and cranial placode cell populations, vertebrates developed an elaborate peripheral nervous system, equipped with paired sense organs, which aided in adaptive behaviors and ultimately, successful colonization of diverse environmental niches. Underpinning the enduring success of vertebrates is the highly adaptable nature of the peripheral nervous system, which is enabled by the exceptional malleability of the neural crest and placode developmental programs.

Late-onset distant metastasis in parotid gland myoepithelial carcinoma.

Myoepithelial carcinoma (MC) is a rare salivary gland malignancy that usually affects people over the age of 50. The incidence is similar in both men and women. MC might develop de novo or within a pre-existing benign myoepithelioma or pleomorphic adenoma.

PD-1 cis-targeted IL-2v in combination with radiotherapy inhibits lung cancer growth and remodels the immune microenvironment.

Background: More efficient therapeutic options for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are needed as the survival at 5 years of metastatic disease is near zero. In this regard, we used a preclinical model of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma (SV2-OVA) to assess the safety and efficacy of novel radio-immunotherapy combining hypofractionated radiotherapy (HRT) with muPD1-IL2v immunocytokine and muFAP-CD40 bispecific antibody.

Methods: We evaluated the changes in the lung immune microenvironment at multiple timepoints following combination therapies and investigated their underlying antitumor mechanisms.

Understanding barriers to influenza vaccination among parents is important to improve vaccine uptake among children.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered public perceptions of vaccines, particularly among parents. In high-income countries like the United Kingdom (UK) and Australia, factors such as misinformation, the expedited approval process of COVID-19 vaccines and unique local challenges have contributed to vaccine hesitancy, resulting in uneven uptake across various vaccination programs. Despite efforts like school-based influenza vaccination programs in the UK and free influenza vaccines in Australia, vaccination rates continue to decline.

Discovery of -(1,2,4-Thiadiazol-5-yl)benzo[]oxepine-4-carboxamide Derivatives as Novel Antiresistance Androgen Receptor Antagonists.

The ligand-binding pocket of the androgen receptor (AR) is the targeting site of all clinically used AR antagonists. However, various drug-resistant mutations emerged in the pocket. We previously reported a new targeting site at the dimer interface of AR (dimer interface pocket) and identified a novel antagonist M17-B15 that failed in oral administration.

Metformin attenuated depressive-like behaviors by suppressing TRPV1/NLRP3 mediated neuroinflammation in the hypothalamus of allergic rhinitis mice.

Background: In addition to nasal symptoms, allergic rhinitis (AR) has increasingly been reported to be associated with depression-like behaviors. Recent evidence suggests that neuroinflammation in the hypothalamus may cause these depressive symptoms in AR. However, the precise mechanisms and effective treatments remain to be elucidated.

Priming and release of cytokine IL-1β in microglial cells from the retina.

The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) for extracellular ATP is implicated in several forms of retinal degeneration, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma. P2X7R stimulation can trigger release of master cytokine IL-1β from microglia in the brain and from macrophages, but evidence of release from retinal microglia is indirect. Isolated mouse and rat retinal microglia, and wholemounts from CX3CR1 mice, were examined to determine if ATP induced IL-1β release directly from retinal microglial cells and if it also primed expression of IL-1β on an mRNA and protein level.

Comprehensive Digital Documentation of Teratology studies.

One of the main endpoints for the evaluation of Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology (DART) studies is the determination of potential effects of a test substance on the skeleton during foetal development. In the course of a DART study according to the OECD 414 guideline, 400 to 500 gestational day 20-old (GD20), alizarin red and alcian blue-stained (ARAB) rat foetuses have to be assessed by a teratology expert, which is a time consuming and sub-optimally documented process. We have developed a method which allows for a standardised, comprehensive, quick and easy to perform, head-to-toe digital documentation of ARAB-stained GD20 rat foetuses.

At early stages of heart development, the first and second heart fields are a continuum of lateral head mesoderm-derived, cardiogenic cells.

Pioneering work in the chicken established that the initial development of the heart consists of two stages: the quick assembly of a beating heart, followed by the recruitment of cells from adjacent tissues to deliver the mature in-and outflow tract. Cells to build the primitive heart were dubbed the first heart field (FHF) cells, cells to be recruited later the second heart field (SHF) cells. The current view is that these cells represent distinct, maybe even pre-determined lineages.

Loss of neuronal activity facilitates surface accumulation of p75NTR and cell death in avian cochlear nucleus.

Sensorineural hearing loss causes cell death in central auditory neurons, but molecular mechanisms of triggering this process are not fully understood. We report here that loss of afferent activity promotes cell death by facilitating proBDNF-p75NTR signals in cochlear nucleus of chicks around hatch. RNA-seq analyses revealed up-regulation of genes related to proBDNF-p75NTR-JNK signals as well as apoptosis at the nucleus within 24hours after unilateral cochlea deprivation.

Uncovering the chromatin-mediated transcriptional regulatory network governing cold stress responses in fish immune cells.

Temperature fluctuations challenge ectothermic species, particularly tropical fish dependent on external temperatures for physiological regulation. However, the molecular mechanisms through which low-temperature stress impacts immune responses in these species, especially in relation to chromatin accessibility and epigenetic regulation, remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate chromatin and transcriptional changes in the head kidney and thymus tissues of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a tropical fish of significant economic importance, under cold stress.