Perovskite retinomorphic image sensor for embodied intelligent vision.

Retinomorphic systems that can see, recognize, and respond to real-time environmental information will extend the complexity and range of tasks that an exoskeleton robot can perform to better assist physically disabled people. However, the lack of ultrasensitive, reconfigurable, and large-scale integratable retinomorphic devices and advanced edge-processing algorithms makes it difficult to realize retinomorphic hardware. Here, we report the retinomorphic hardware prototype with a 4096-pixel perovskite image sensor array as core module to endow embodied intelligent vision functionalities.

Adjusting Hirshfeld charge of TEMPO catholytes for stable all-organic aqueous redox flow batteries.

2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) derivatives are typical catholytes in aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs), but reported lifetime of them is limited. We find that the increase of Hirshfeld charge decreases the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) values of side reactions of TEMPO, a near-linear relationship, and then exacerbates their degradation. Here we predict and synthesize a TEMPO derivative, namely TPP-TEMPO, by analyzing the Hirshfeld charge.

Machine Learning-Enhanced Bacteria Detection Using a Fluorescent Sensor Array with Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots.

Pathogenic bacteria are the source of many serious health problems, such as foodborne diseases and hospital infections. Timely and accurate detection of these pathogens is of vital significance for disease prevention, control of epidemic spread, and protection of public health security. Rapid identification of pathogenic bacteria has become a research focus in recent years.

Spin polarization induced by atomic strain of MBene promotes the ·O production for groundwater disinfection.

Superbugs in groundwater are posing severe health risks through waterborne pathways. An emerging approach for green disinfection lies at photocatalysis, which levers the locally generated superoxide radical (·O) for neutralization. However, the spin-forbidden feature of O hinders the photocatalytic generation of active ·O, and thus greatly limited the disinfection efficiency, especially for real groundwater with a low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration.

Realizing high power factor and thermoelectric performance in band engineered AgSbTe.

AgSbTe is a promising p-type thermoelectric material operating in the mid-temperature regime. To further enhance its thermoelectric performance, previous research has mainly focused on reducing lattice thermal conductivity by forming ordered nanoscale domains for instance. However, the relatively low power factor is the main limitation affecting the power density of AgSbTe-based thermoelectric devices.

Tissue-specific vitellogenesis and 17β-estradiol facilitate ovarian maturation of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus.

The present study investigated the changes of expression and localization of PtVg mRNA, tissue Vg/ Vn concentrations, the contents of progesterone and 17ß-estradiol during the ovarian development of P. trituberculatus. The results showed that: 1) The most abundant mRNA levels of PtVg were found in stage IV, and hepatopancreatic PtVg mRNA was markedly greater than that in ovaries from stage II to stage V.

An Importin Protein SlIMPA3 Interacts with SlLCD1 and Regulates Tomato Fruit Ripening.

A nuclear-localized cysteine desulfhydrase, LCD1, plays a crucial role in mediating endogenous hydrogen sulfide production in tomatoes. However, the mechanism underlying the nuclear localization of SlLCD1 is not yet fully understood. In this study, it was found that SlLCD1 specifically interacted with nuclear import receptor importin α3 (SlIMPA3).

Development, characterization, and biological activity of composite films: Eugenol-zein nanoparticles in pea starch/soy protein isolate films.

With an increasing emphasis on environmental protection and sustainability, natural polymers like proteins and polysaccharides are being utilized more frequently in the development of biodegradable food packaging. However, the limited properties of these biopolymers have restricted their widespread applicability within the food industry. To address this issue, eugenol-loaded zein nanoparticles (ZE NPs) were incorporated into pea starch/soy protein-based films, and their effect on the physicochemical properties of these films were investigated.

Effect of cold plasma and ultrasonic pretreatment on drying characteristics and nutritional quality of vacuum freeze-dried kiwifruit crisps.

The effect of ultrasound and plasma pretreatment on freeze-dried kiwifruit crisps was investigated in this study. Using unpretreated kiwifruit as a control group (CG), the effects of ultrasound (US), plasma-activated water (PAW), ultrasound combined with plasma-activated water (UPAW), plasma-jet (PJ), and ultrasound combined with plasma-jet (UPJ) on the quality of vacuum freeze-dried kiwifruit were investigated. The results showed that all the pretreatments could change the microstructure of the crisps.

Mechanically Stable and Damage Resistant Freestanding Ultrathin Silver Nanowire Films with Closely Packed Crossed-Lamellar Structure.

One-dimensional (1D) functional nanowires are widely used as nanoscale building blocks for assembling advanced nanodevices due to their unique functionalities. However, previous research has mainly focused on nanowire functionality, while neglecting the structural stability and damage resistance of nanowire assemblies, which are critical for the long-term operation of nanodevices. Biomaterials achieve excellent mechanical stability and damage resistance through sophisticated structural design.

Microencapsulation of Pickering nanoemulsions containing walnut oil stabilized using soy protein-curcumin composite nanoparticles: Fabrication and evaluation of a novel plant-based milk substitute.

Plant protein-stabilized Pickering nanoemulsions show potential as plant-based milk substitutes; however, their stability is challenged by mechanical stress during transportation and oxidative deterioration during storage. Herein, soybean isolate protein-curcumin composite nanoparticle (SPI-Cur-NPs)-stabilized Pickering nanoemulsions were converted into microcapsule powders via spray-drying with maltodextrin (MD), trehalose anhydrous (TA), and inulin (IN) as wall materials. Robust intermolecular hydrogen bonds and an amorphous structure were formed using composite wall materials, reducing microcapsule surface fissures while improving encapsulation rate (92.

Effect of biopolymers on morphology and functionality of low-sodium condiments containing Maillard reaction products.

The impact of various biopolymers on low-sodium condiments composed of salt, potassium chloride, sodium glutamate and Maillard reaction products with chicken flavor were evaluated in order to generate uniformly distributed low-sodium condiments. The addition of biopolymers reduced the sodium and potassium content of low sodium condiments, as well as improved the particle size, changed the particle morphology. The addition of different biopolymers had different effects on the color, flow characteristics, solubility, hygroscopicity and thermal stability of low sodium condiments.

Tuning steric hindrance of cyclic ether electrolytes enables high-voltage lithium metal batteries.

Ether-based electrolytes are known for their high stability with lithium metal anodes (LMAs), but they often exhibit poor high-voltage stability. Structural optimization of ether-based solvent molecules has been proven to effectively broaden the electrochemical window of these electrolytes, yet the optimization rules within cyclic ethers remain unclear. Herein, we investigate the impact of methyl substitution positions on the molecular properties of 1,3-dioxolane (DOL), a commonly used cyclic ether.

High-sensitivity SERS sensor leveraging three-dimensional TiCT/TiO/WO semiconductor heterostructures for reliable detection of trace micro/nanoplastics in environmental matrices.

The proliferation of micro/nanoplastics (MNPs) has emerged as a pivotal environmental issue, largely due to their potential for human exposure. Consequently, the development of sensitive and efficient detection methodologies is paramount for elucidating their environmental footprint. Here, we report a novel three-dimensional (3D) surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor, which integrate TiCT/TiO/WO semiconductor heterostructure, for the rapid and sensitive detection of MNPs in environmental matrices.

Evolutionary game analysis on the regulation of medical devices used in health services delivery.

Medical devices (MDs) play a critical role in healthcare delivery while also bringing potential medical risks and unintended harms to patients. Although government regulation is well recognized as a critical and essential function for ensuring the safety of MDs in many countries, the supplementary role that hospitals play is often neglected. This paper constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model involving the government, hospitals, and MDs enterprises to explore their strategic behaviors of MDs regulation in healthcare delivery.

A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 17 Disrupts Bovine Macrophage MER Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine Kinase Integrity to Impede Apoptotic Cell Clearance and Promote Inflammation in Clinical Mastitis.

In clinical mastitis of dairy cows, the abnormal accumulation of apoptotic cells (ACs) and subsequent secondary necrosis and inflammation pose significant concerns, with macrophage-mediated efferocytosis, crucial for ACs clearance, remaining unexplored in this context. In nonruminants, MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MERTK) receptors are essential for efferocytosis and A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) is thought to play a role in regulating MERTK integrity. This study aimed to delineate the in situ role of efferocytosis in clinical mastitis, with a particular focus on the interaction between MERTK and ADAM17 in bovine macrophages.

Highly Efficient Analysis on Biomass Carbohydrate Mixtures by DREAMTIME NMR Spectroscopy.

Proton (H) NMR spectroscopy presents a powerful tool for biomass mixture studies by revealing the involved chemical compounds with identified ingredients and molecular structures. However, conventional H NMR generally suffers from spectral congestion when measuring biomass mixtures, particularly biomass carbohydrate samples, that contain various physically and chemically similar compounds. In this study, a targeted detection NMR approach, DREAMTIME, is exploited for studying biomass carbohydrate mixtures by spectroscopically targeting the desired compounds in separate 1D NMR spectra.

Intelligent Gesture Recognition Gloves for Real-Time Monitoring in Wireless Human-Computer Interaction.

Flexible sensors mimic the sensing ability of human skin, and have unique flexibility and adaptability, allowing users to interact with intelligent systems in a more natural and intimate way. To overcome the issues of low sensitivity and limited operating range of flexible strain sensors, this study presents a highly innovative preparation method to develop a conductive elastomeric sensor with a cracked thin film by combining polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MCNT). This novel design significantly increases both the sensitivity and operating range of the sensor (strain range 0-50%; the maximum tensile sensitivity of this sensor reaches 4.

Signal-on lateral flow immunoassays for rapid detection of tetrodotoxin in pufferfish.

Small-molecule biotoxins are frequently founded in grains, corns, peanuts, and different kinds of aquatic products, and they are harmful to human health. Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) have been widely used for on-site detection of small-molecule biotoxins. However, most of the reported LFIAs approaches are signal-off type because each small-molecule biotoxin only has one antigen binding site due to the small size of the molecule.

GC-DFT-Based Dynamic Product Distribution Reveals Enhanced CO-to-Methanol Electrocatalysis Durability by Heterogeneous CoPc.

Heterogeneous cobalt phthalocyanine has emerged as a promising molecular catalyst for electrochemical reduction of CO to methanol. Boosting both electrocatalytic durability and selectivity remains a great challenge, which is more difficult with unknown regulation factors for the HER side reaction. Herein, to discover the key to balancing the durability and selectivity, as well as HER regulation, we carried out GC-DFT calculations, based on which dynamic product distribution modeling was conducted to visually present the variation of the product distribution within the applied voltage range.

Network embedding: The bridge between water distribution network hydraulics and machine learning.

Machine learning has been increasingly used to solve management problems of water distribution networks (WDNs). A critical research gap, however, remains in the effective incorporation of WDN hydraulic characteristics in machine learning. Here we present a new water distribution network embedding (WDNE) method that transforms the hydraulic relationships of WDN topology into a vector form to be best suited for machine learning algorithms.

Tailoring of levansucrase product size by a comparative molecular dynamics approach.

Levan is widely used as food additives. Its utilization is significantly influenced by its molecular weight. Bacillus subtilis levansucrase (Bs-SacB) and Priestia megaterium levansucrase (Pm-SacB) yield levan of different weights.

Solar-Light-Mediated Phototransformation of Herbicide Tribenuron-Methyl Initiated by Its Coexisting Nitrate Ion in Sunlit Agricultural Drainages.

Understanding the environmental fate of chemical herbicides is crucial to sustainable agriculture. Due to their joint-use with nitrogen fertilizers, their residues often coexist with NO in agricultural drainages. In this study, tribenuron-methyl was used as a model to evaluate the role of NO in the phototransformation of chemical herbicides, which was characterized by a two-stage process.

Bioinspired Carbon-Silver Sulfide Scaffold with Synergistic Enhanced Light Capture and Anti-Biofouling Property for Stable Solar Steam Generation.

Carbon material is a hot topic in solar evaporation. Due to the widely distributed microorganisms in natural water, biofouling has limited the actual application of solar evaporation material. Although carbon material lacks of nutrition for microbe, it is still vulnerable to biofouling because of the efficient pollutant adsorption property.

Advanced synthesis of spherical nucleic acids: a limit-pursuing game with broad implications.

Spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) consist of DNA strands arranged radially and packed densely on the surface of nanoparticles. Due to their unique properties, which are not found in naturally occurring linear or circular DNA, SNAs have gained widespread attention in fields such as sensing, nanomedicine, and colloidal assembly. The rapidly evolving applications of SNAs have driven a modernization of their syntheses to meet different needs.