Prediction Models to Estimate the Future Risk of Osteoarthritis in the General Population: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To evaluate the performance and applicability of multivariable prediction models for osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: This was a systematic review and narrative synthesis using 3 databases (EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science) from inception to December 2021. We included general population longitudinal studies reporting derivation, comparison, or validation of multivariable models to predict individual risk of OA incidence, defined by recognized clinical or imaging criteria.

Effective Communication and the Osteoporosis Care Gap.

Many pharmacological treatments are now available to prevent the occurrence of fragility fractures in patients with osteoporosis. Despite this, concerns persist that many individuals who might benefit from osteoporosis treatment do not receive it-the "osteoporosis treatment gap." The underlying reasons for this gap are diverse and include those who are not identified as being eligible for treatment as well as those who intentionally choose not to take medications because of uncertainty, unanswered questions, or an inability to understand or do what is being asked of them.

Defining the relationship between pain intensity and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a secondary analysis of six studies.

Background: Pain is the main concern of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) while reducing disease activity dominates specialist management. Disease activity assessments like the disease activity score for 28 joints with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) omit pain creating an apparent paradox between patients' concerns and specialists' treatment goals. We evaluated the relationship of pain intensity and disease activity in RA with three aims: defining associations between pain intensity and disease activity and its components, evaluating discordance between pain intensity and disease activity, and assessing temporal changes in pain intensity and disease activity.

Exploring the physical, psychological and social well-being of people with rheumatoid arthritis during the coronavirus pandemic: a single-centre, longitudinal, qualitative interview study in the UK.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune, inflammatory, systemic condition that requires specific drug treatment to suppress disease activity and prevent joint deformity. To manage the ongoing symptoms of joint pain and fatigue patients are encouraged to engage in self-management activities. People with RA have an increased incidence of serious illness and mortality, with the potential to impact on quality of life.

Perceptions of risk in people with inflammatory arthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: People with inflammatory arthritis have an increased incidence of serious illness and mortality, placing them at risk of poor outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study explored patients' perceptions of risk from COVID-19 over a longitudinal period of the pandemic.

Methods: Fifteen adults with inflammatory arthritis attending a National Health Service rheumatology service each took part in three semi-structured telephone interviews conducted between 16 September 2020 and 29 July 2021.

Footwear, foot orthoses and strengthening exercises for the non-surgical management of hallux valgus: protocol for a randomised pilot and feasibility trial.

Background: Hallux valgus is a common and disabling condition. This randomised pilot and feasibility trial aims to determine the feasibility of conducting a fully-powered parallel group randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a multifaceted non-surgical intervention for reducing pain associated with hallux valgus.

Methods: Twenty-eight community-dwelling women with painful hallux valgus will be randomised to receive either a multifaceted, non-surgical intervention (footwear, foot orthoses, foot exercises, advice, and self-management) or advice and self-management alone.

Comparative Genetic Analysis of Psoriatic Arthritis and Psoriasis for the Discovery of Genetic Risk Factors and Risk Prediction Modeling.

Objectives: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) has a strong genetic component, and the identification of genetic risk factors could help identify the ~30% of psoriasis patients at high risk of developing PsA. Our objectives were to identify genetic risk factors and pathways that differentiate PsA from cutaneous-only psoriasis (PsC) and to evaluate the performance of PsA risk prediction models.

Methods: Genome-wide meta-analyses were conducted separately for 5,065 patients with PsA and 21,286 healthy controls and separately for 4,340 patients with PsA and 6,431 patients with PsC.

Development of the Warwick Axial Spondyloarthritis faTigue and Energy questionnaire (WASTEd)-a new patient-reported outcome measure.

Objective: The aim was to co-produce and test a potential new patient-reported outcome measure (PROM), the Warwick Axial Spondyloarthritis faTigue and Energy questionnaire (WASTEd), providing vital qualitative confirmation of conceptual relevance, clarity and acceptability.

Methods: Informed by measurement theory, we collaborated with patient partners throughout a three-stage, iterative process of PROM development. In stage 1, informed by patient interviews, reviews exploring patients' fatigue experiences and existing PROMs of fatigue, an initial measurement framework of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) fatigue and energy and candidate items were defined.

Osteoarthritis Flares.

The phenomenon of flares is a common feature in the daily life of people with osteoarthritis (OA). Characterized by episodes of sudden-onset increases in signs and symptoms, their impact can often be distressing and disabling. Despite their potential to have both short-term and long-term consequences for patients across the whole course of the condition, their occurrence and optimal management are not fully understood.

UK clinical guideline for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Unlabelled: The National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) has revised the UK guideline for the assessment and management of osteoporosis and the prevention of fragility fractures in postmenopausal women, and men age 50 years and older. Accredited by NICE, this guideline is relevant for all healthcare professionals involved in osteoporosis management.

Introduction: The UK National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) first produced a guideline on the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in 2008, with updates in 2013 and 2017.

Acceptability of, and preferences for, remote consulting during COVID-19 among older patients with two common long-term musculoskeletal conditions: findings from three qualitative studies and recommendations for practice.

Background: Guidance for choosing face-to-face vs remote consultations (RCs) encourages clinicians to consider patient preferences, however, little is known about acceptability of, and preferences for RCs, particularly amongst patients with musculoskeletal conditions. This study aimed to explore the acceptability of, and preferences for, RC among patients with osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: Three UK qualitative studies, exploring patient experiences of accessing and receiving healthcare, undertaken during the pandemic, with people with osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Accuracy of placement of ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection for subacromial pain (impingement) syndrome does not influence pain and function: Secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To investigate whether the accuracy of placement of ultrasound-guided (US-guided) corticosteroid injections for subacromial pain (impingement) syndrome (SAPS) influences pain and function outcomes.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data collected in a previous randomised controlled trial (RCT). Video images of US-guided subacromial corticosteroid injections delivered in the RCT were reviewed to categorise injection accuracy into three groups: definitely/probably not in the subacromial bursa (Group 1); probably in the subacromial bursa (Group 2); and definitely in the subacromial bursa (Group 3).

International Foot and Ankle Osteoarthritis Consortium review and research agenda for diagnosis, epidemiology, burden, outcome assessment and treatment.

Objective: To summarise the available evidence relating to the diagnosis, epidemiology, burden, outcome assessment and treatment of foot and ankle osteoarthritis (OA) and to develop an agenda to guide future research.

Method: Members of the International Foot and Ankle Osteoarthritis Consortium compiled a narrative summary of the literature which formed the basis of an interactive discussion at the Osteoarthritis Research Society International World Congress in 2021, during which a list of 24 research agenda items were generated. Following the meeting, delegates were asked to rank the research agenda items on a 0 to 100 visual analogue rating scale (0 = not at all important to 100 = extremely important).

Radiographic validation of a self-report instrument for hallux valgus.

Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is a common condition causing substantial morbidity. Radiographic assessment is the gold standard for grading severity but is not always feasible in clinical/research settings. HV line-drawings, consisting of five drawings for each foot depicting a sequential increase in HV angle of 15°, have been clinically validated for self-reporting severity.

Analgesic prescribing in patients with inflammatory arthritis in England: an observational study using electronic healthcare record data.

Objectives: International data suggest inflammatory arthritis (IA) pain management frequently involves opioid prescribing, despite little evidence of efficacy, and potential harms. We evaluated analgesic prescribing in English National Health Service-managed patients with IA.

Methods: Repeated cross-sectional analyses in the Consultations in Primary Care Archive (primary care consultation and prescription data in nine general practices from 2000 to 2015) evaluated the annual prevalence of analgesic prescriptions in: (i) IA cases (RA, PsA or axial spondyloarthritis [SpA]), and (ii) up to five age-, sex- and practice-matched controls.

Identifying Long-Term Trajectories of Foot Pain Severity and Potential Prognostic Factors: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objectives: To identify distinct foot pain trajectories over 7 years and examine their associations with potential prognostic factors.

Methods: Adults ages ≥50 years and registered with 4 general practices in North Staffordshire, UK were mailed a baseline health survey. Those reporting current or recent foot pain were invited to attend a research assessment clinic.

Patient satisfaction with the first contact physiotherapy service: Results from the national evaluation survey.

Background: Musculoskeletal (MSK) First Contact Physiotherapists (FCPs) are diagnostic clinicians able to assess and manage undifferentiated and undiagnosed MSK presentations. The FCP role in primary care has been introduced to allow patients with MSK pain to see a FCP directly rather than wait to see a General Practitioner (GP) first, which improves capacity within primary care. A national evaluation was undertaken of the FCP model.

Osteoarthritis year in review 2021: epidemiology & therapy.

This "Year in review" presents a selection of research themes and individual studies from the clinical osteoarthritis (OA) field (epidemiology and therapy) and includes noteworthy descriptive, analytical-observational, and intervention studies. The electronic database search for the review was conducted in Medline, Embase and medRxiv (15th April 2020 to 1st April 2021). Following study screening, the following OA-related themes emerged: COVID-19; disease burden; occupational risk; prediction models; cartilage loss and pain; stem cell treatments; novel pharmacotherapy trials; therapy for less well researched OA phenotypes; benefits and challenges of Individual Participant Data (IPD) meta-analyses; patient choice-balancing benefits and harms; OA and comorbidity; and inequalities in OA.

Evaluation of the First Contact Physiotherapy (FCP) model of primary care: patient characteristics and outcomes.

Objective: First Contact Physiotherapy (FCP) is a primary care model where expert musculoskeletal (MSK) physiotherapists undertake the first patient consultation, to enhance MSK-patient care and free-up GP capacity. The authors report the quantitative findings from the FCP National Evaluation (Phase 3) which evaluated the FCP model against success criteria.

Design And Setting: A mixed-methods 24-month service evaluation involving 40 FCP sites and 240 FCPs across England.

Evaluation of the First Contact Physiotherapy (FCP) model of primary care: a qualitative insight.

Objective: First Contact Physiotherapy (FCP) is a primary care model where expert musculoskeletal (MSK) physiotherapists undertake the first patient consultation, to enhance MSK-patient care and free-up GP capacity. The authors report the qualitative findings from the FCP National Evaluation (Phase 3) which evaluated the FCP model against pre-agreed success criteria.

Design And Setting: A mixed-methods 24-month service evaluation involving FCP sites across England.

Improving uptake of Fracture Prevention drug treatments: a protocol for Development of a consultation intervention (iFraP-D).

Introduction: Prevention of fragility fractures, a source of significant economic and personal burden, is hindered by poor uptake of fracture prevention medicines. Enhancing communication of scientific evidence and elicitation of patient medication-related beliefs has the potential to increase patient commitment to treatment. The mproving uptake of cture revention drug treatments (iFraP) programme aims to develop and evaluate a theoretically informed, complex intervention consisting of a computerised web-based decision support tool, training package and information resources, to facilitate informed decision-making about fracture prevention treatment, with a long-term aim of improving informed treatment adherence.

Incidence and Progression of Hallux Valgus: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Hallux valgus is a common and disabling condition. The objective of the present study was to identify factors associated with hallux valgus incidence and progression.

Methods: Participants were from a population-based prospective cohort study, the Clinical Assessment Study of the Foot.

The attitudes towards, and beliefs about, physical activity in people with osteoarthritis and comorbidity: A qualitative investigation.

Objective: To investigate the attitudes towards, and beliefs about, physical activity (PA) in older adults with osteoarthritis (OA) and comorbidity to understand experiences and seek ways to improve PA participation.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews with adults aged ≥45, with self-reported OA and comorbidity (N = 17). Face-to-face interviews explored participant perspectives regarding; (1) attitudes and beliefs about PA in the context of OA and comorbidity and (2) how people with OA and comorbidity could be encouraged to improve and maintain PA levels.

First Contact Practitioners' (FCPs) and General Practitioners' Perceptions Towards FCPs Delivering Vocational Advice to Patients with Musculoskeletal Conditions: A Qualitative Investigation of the Implementation Potential of the I-SWAP Initiative.

Purpose Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is a common cause of work absence. The recent SWAP (Study of Work And Pain) randomised controlled trial (RCT) found that a brief vocational advice service for primary care patients with MSK pain led to fewer days' work absence and provided good return-on-investment. The I-SWAP (Implementation of the Study of Work And Pain) initiative aimed to deliver an implementation test-bed of the SWAP vocational advice intervention with First Contact Practitioners (FCP).