Comparative Analysis of Cosmetic and Functional Outcomes in Corneal Tattooing (Keratopigmentation) versus Ocular Prosthesis.

Objectives: This study compares the cosmetic and functional outcomes of corneal tattooing/keratopigmentation and ocular prostheses in rehabilitating disfigured eyes, focusing on esthetic appearance and emotional well-being.

Methods: Ninety-two patients were included: 48 received corneal tattooing, and 44 were fitted with ocular prostheses. Anophthalmic surgery was indicated for trauma, painful blind eye, endophthalmitis, tumor, and corneal ulcer, while corneal tattooing was performed for trauma, corneal ulcer, and endophthalmitis.

An interpretable framework for inter-observer agreement measurements in TILs scoring on histopathological breast images: A proof-of-principle study.

Breast cancer, a widespread and life-threatening disease, necessitates precise diagnostic tools for improved patient outcomes. Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs), reflective of the immune response against cancer cells, are pivotal in understanding breast cancer behavior. However, inter-observer variability in TILs scoring methods poses challenges to reliable assessments.

Impact of CD40 (rs1883832) and CD40L (rs1126535) gene variants on laryngeal cancer susceptibility and their association with serum biomarker levels of sCD40 and sCD40L.

Introduction: The most prevalent head and neck cancer type is laryngeal cancer. Laryngeal cancer susceptibility is increased by a combination of genetic variables and environmental factors. Genetic predispositions that influence the functioning of the immune system can affect tumor development.

Relationship between NLR (Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio) value and clinical outcome in patients with external ventricular drainage due to intraventricular hemorrhage.

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhages (IVH) are common pathologies in neurosurgery practice and are associated with the worst clinical outcome among all intracranial hemorrhages. Blood in the ventricles is thought to worsen the clinical condition by triggering inflammatory processes. In recent years, NLR value is a frequently used inflammatory parameter, and there are many publications reporting that a high NLR value is an important marker in predicting the severity of inflammation.

What do medical faculty students think about telehealth?

Objective: We aimed to evaluate medical school students' knowledge and approaches regarding telehealth.

Method: In this descriptive study, an electronic survey was conducted among students attending the Faculties of Medicine at Health Sciences University. The first part of the Form included questions evaluating individual characteristics and telehealth approaches, and the second part included opinions and suggestions regarding telehealth usage topics.

The Effect of Hyperemesis Gravidarum on Macular Thickness, Corneal Thickness, and Intraocular Pressure in Pregnancy.

Aim: Physiological changes in intraocular pressure as well as in the cornea and macula may occur during pregnancy. Therefore, we decided to investigate the effect of hyperemesis gravidarum on macular thickness, corneal thickness and intraocular pressure (IOP).

Material And Methods: A total of 110 people, 55 of whom were diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum and 55 of whom were in the control group, were included in the study.

Congenital superior oblique palsy in a patient with VACTERL association.

Different types of ophthalmological defects have been reported to be accompanying vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, cardiac malformations, tracheoesophageal fistula, renal anomalies, and limb anomalies (VACTERL) association. A 7-year-old girl with a history of VACTERL association presented with upward drifting of the left eye and anomalous head posture to the right side and was diagnosed with congenital fourth nerve palsy. We report the first case representing a combination of congenital fourth nerve palsy with VACTERL association.

Significance of Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 Lys496Glu gene polimorphism on plasma redox status regulation in laryngeal carcinoma.

Background: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a surface glycoprotein important for tumor invasion and angiogenesis. The present research is conducted to investigate whether specific gene polymorphism of ICAM-1 K469E (rs5498) and plasma redox status could be associated with laryngeal cancer (LC) development. Since there is no clear evidence which investigates the relationship between ICAM-1 polymorphism and ROS-mediated plasma protein oxidation in LC, our study is the first significant contribution for investigating the relationship.

Ultrasonographic evaluation of muscle thickness in female patients with fibromyalgia and its relationship with clinical parameters.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the ultrasonographic thickness of selected major muscles of patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and asymptomatic control subjects and to evaluate the relationship between muscle thickness and muscle strength, physical performance, kinesiophobia, and clinical variables.

Methods: Twenty-two FMS patients and 18 asymptomatic control cases who applied to the physical medicine and rehabilitation outpatient clinic were included. The thickness of the gastrocnemius medialis/lateralis, trapezius, and upper arm muscle was evaluated with ultrasonography.

Rotational Assessment of Thoracolumbar/Lumbar Curves According to Lowest Instrumented Vertebra Level.

Background: It is not clearly defined in the literature how the lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) selection effects the rotation of lumbar vertebrae at fused and unfused levels in thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) curves. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rotational profile of structural TL/L curves, corrected with rod derotation manoeuvre, according to LIV level.

Methods: 82 consecutive AIS patients with structural TL/L curves who were treated with long segment posterior instrumentation and fusion were retrospectively evaluated.

Decrease of over-elevation in adduction after surgery of medial rectus muscles in partially refractive accommodative esotropia.

Significance: The course of over-elevation in adduction after strabismus surgery has been evaluated in a small number of research in the literature, we believe our study is the first to report the results in a specific group of esotropia (ET) patients.

Aim: To report the course of postoperative over-elevation in adduction in patients who underwent surgery for horizontal deviation on the medial recti in partially accommodative ET.

Methods: The medical charts of patients who had partially accommodative ET with over-elevation in adduction were reviewed retrospectively.

Comparative Effectiveness of Epidural Steroid İnjections in Patients With Disc Bulging and Disc Protrusion.

Purpose Discogenic low back pain is a widespread disorder in the world. Many methods have been developed and continue to be developed in the treatment of discogenic low back pain. We aimed to examine the effect of epidural steroid administration on disc bulging and disc protrusion in patients with discogenic low back pain.

Changes in pupil size, ocular wavefront aberrations, and accommodation in healthcare workers using FFP3 masks.

Purpose: To evaluate changes in pupil size, ocular wavefront aberrations (WA), and accommodation in healthcare workers after 4-h usage of Filtering Facepiece class 3 (FFP3) masks.

Material And Methods: This prospective study included 22 healthy healthcare workers. Pupil size, ocular WA, and accommodation changes before and after FFP3 mask usage were evaluated using a Hartmann Schack aberrometer.

Correction of severe adult idiopathic scoliosis posteriorly with skipped pedicle screw instrumentation and rod augmentation.

Background: Although it is challenging to correct severe adult idiopathic scoliosis (ADIS) deformities, optimal results can be achieved by multiple asymmetric Ponte osteotomies with lower surgical risks. Skipping the apical instrumentation and using multiple rods and connectors may further facilitate the procedure. We named this method as "modular correction technique" (MCT).

A new risk scoring system for early prediction of surgical need in patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction: a single-center retrospective clinical study.

Purpose: Cases of adhesive small bowel obstruction are a nuisance to surgeons. There have been years of ongoing discussions, and various guidelines have been published for the management of this disease. Both surgical and conservative approaches can have their own complications.

Can Early Fatigue in Leg Muscles After Exercise Cause Postural Instability in Women With Fibromyalgia?

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise-induced lower limb muscle fatigue on postural stability in female patients with fibromyalgia (FMS).

Method: This study included 19 female patients diagnosed with FMS according to the 2010 American College of Rheumatology criteria and 19 age-matched healthy controls. Muscle fatigue was induced by chair sit-to-stand (STS) repetitions in all participants.

Is Tranexamic Acid an Effective Prevention in the Formation of Epidural Fibrosis? Histological Evaluation in the Rats.

Objective: The present study aimed to determine the topical and systemic efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) on epidural fibrosis in a rat laminectomy model.

Methods: Thirty-two 12-month-old adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Each rat underwent bilateral laminectomy at the L1 and L2 vertebral levels.

Comparison of Immunological and Virological Recovery with Rapid, Early, and Late Start of Antiretroviral Treatment in Naive Plwh: Real-World Data.

Background: Rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces the transmission of HIV infection in the community. This study aimed to determine whether rapid ART initiation is effective compared to standard ART treatment in our country.

Methods: Patients were grouped based on time to treatment initiation.

Connexin 26 (GJB2) Mutations Associated with Congenital Hearing Loss in a Country of Different Migration Routes: Turkey.

To determine the prevalence of DFNB1 mutations containing GJB2 (connexin 26) genes with deletion 35delG mutation in congenital hearing loss, and to analyze this gene according to regional differences based on geographic and socio-economic relations in Turkish patients in Istanbul. Our study includes 51 unrelated children with non-syndromic sensorineural hearing impairment with the proof of clinical ABR results. Molecular studies were performed using PCR- Mediated Site-Directed Mutagenesis assay, PCR and direct sequencing to screen for GJB2 and 35delG mutations.

Lowest instrumented vertebrae selection in posterior fusion of Lenke 3C/6C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: L3 versus L4, when LEV is L4.

Introduction: In structural thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) curves, lowest instrumented vertebra is selected mostly as the lower end vertebra (LEV). To save more lumbar mobile segments, fusion may be stopped one level proximal. This study aimed to compare the radiologic and functional outcomes of Lenke type 3C and 6C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients according to distal fusion level.

EBUS ROSE-guided cytological evaluations of intrathoracic lesions. Assessments of the pathological material adequacy and the diagnostic efficacy.

Background: Several clinical groups consider cytological assessment under EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasonography)-ROSE (Rapid Onsite Evaluation) as the golden standard for diagnosis and staging of intrathoracic lesions. On the other hand, some investigators proposed that EBUS-TBNA (Transbronchial Needle Aspiration) has considerably high false-negative rates for diagnosis. In this study, we analyzed our patient cohort (n = 152) with intrathoracic lesions and suspected malignancies evaluated by EBUS-ROSE.