A retrospective study of non-ventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia in a Norwegian hospital: a serious medical condition in need of better and timelier microbiological diagnostics.

Background: Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is the most common hospital-acquired infection (HAI). HAP is associated with a high burden of morbidity and mortality, but the diagnosis is difficult to establish and the incidence uncertain.

Methods: Patients aged ≥ 18 years hospitalised with radiologically verified non-ventilator hospital acquired pneumonia (NV-HAP) during 2018 were retrospectively identified at Drammen Hospital, a Norwegian general hospital.

Pregnancy outcomes as related to in utero exposure to air pollution and greenness: The Life-GAP Project.

Background: Lower birth weight and preterm birth may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes later in life. We examined whether maternal exposure to air pollution and greenness during pregnancy is associated with offspring birth weight and preterm birth.

Methods: We analyzed data on 4286 singleton births from 2358 mothers from Respiratory Health in Northern Europe, a prospective questionnaire-based cohort study (1990-2010).

N-terminal cysteine acetylation and oxidation patterns may define protein stability.

Oxygen homeostasis is maintained in plants and animals by O-sensing enzymes initiating adaptive responses to low O (hypoxia). Recently, the O-sensitive enzyme ADO was shown to initiate degradation of target proteins RGS4/5 and IL32 via the Cysteine/Arginine N-degron pathway. ADO functions by catalysing oxidation of N-terminal cysteine residues, but despite multiple proteins in the human proteome having an N-terminal cysteine, other endogenous ADO substrates have not yet been identified.

The Prognostic Value of Human Papillomavirus Status in Penile Cancer: Outcomes From a Norwegian Cohort Study.

Introduction: Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) can develop from human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. This study investigates if the prognostic value of the TNM stage groups or the components tumor stage (pT), grade of differentiation (Grade), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and nodular stage (pN) depend on HPV status. Also, whether the value of tumor parameters (pT, Grade, and LVI) for predicting node-positive disease depends on HPV status was investigated.

Prevalence and correlates of sexual intercourse under influence of alcohol among Thai adolescents: lessons from a nationwide school-based survey.

Objectives: Having sex under the influence of alcohol is a risky behavior and this study explored its prevalence and correlates among school-going Thai adolescents.

Methods: The data from the 2021 Thailand Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS), including a nationally representative sample of students in grades 7-12th, was used to extract the relevant variables including demographic, psychosocial, substance use, and risky sex behaviors. Logistic regression was used to assess the odds of engaging in sex while intoxicated across the independent variables while accounting for age and sex differences.

Perioperative management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma in the Nordic countries.

Background: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare malignancy, with typically only few new cases annually per urological department. Adherence to European association of urology (EAU) guidelines on UTUC in the Nordic countries is unknown. The objective of this survey was to examine the implementation of EAU guidelines, the perioperative management and organization of the treatment of UTUC in the Nordic countries.

Preoperative CT improves the assessment of stability in trochanteric hip fractures.

Aims: To investigate if preoperative CT improves detection of unstable trochanteric hip fractures.

Methods: A single-centre prospective study was conducted. Patients aged 65 years or older with trochanteric hip fractures admitted to Stavanger University Hospital (Stavanger, Norway) were consecutively included from September 2020 to January 2022.

Management of patients with hypertension and chronic kidney disease referred to Hypertension Excellence Centres among 27 countries. On behalf of the European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Hypertension and the Kidney.

Objective Real-life management of patients with hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among European Society of Hypertension Excellence Centres (ESH-ECs) is unclear : we aimed to investigate it. Methods A survey was conducted in 2023. The questionnaire contained 64 questions asking ESH-ECs representatives to estimate how patients with CKD are managed.

Treatment outcome according to genetic tumour alterations and clinical characteristics in digestive high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Background: Chemotherapy has limited efficacy in advanced digestive high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms (HG-NEN) and prognosis is dismal. Predictive markers for palliative chemotherapy are lacking, and prognostic markers are limited.

Methods: Digestive HG-NEN patients (n = 229) were prospectively included 2013-2017.

Prognosticating the outcome of intensive care in older patients-a narrative review.

Prognosis determines major decisions regarding treatment for critically ill patients. Statistical models have been developed to predict the probability of survival and other outcomes of intensive care. Although they were trained on the characteristics of large patient cohorts, they often do not represent very old patients (age ≥ 80 years) appropriately.

Genetic modification of by natural transformation.

Unlabelled: is an emerging human and animal pathogen. Functional studies of genes involved in virulence of and other pyogenic group streptococci are often hampered by limited genetic tractability. It is known that pyogenic streptococci carry genes required for competence for natural transformation; however, in contrast to other streptococcal subgroups, there is limited evidence for gene transfer by natural transformation in these bacteria.

A study of microRNAs as new prognostic biomarkers in anal cancer patients.

Background: MicroRNA (MiR) influences the growth of cancer by regulation of mRNA for 50-60% of all genes. We present as per our knowledge the first global analysis of microRNA expression in anal cancer patients and their prognostic impact.

Methods: Twenty-nine patients with T1-4 N0-3 M0 anal cancer treated with curative intent from September 2003 to April 2011 were included in the study.

Hormone Receptor Expression and Activity for Different Tumour Locations in Patients with Advanced and Recurrent Endometrial Carcinoma.

Background: Response to hormonal therapy in advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer (EC) can be predicted by oestrogen and progesterone receptor immunohistochemical (ER/PR-IHC) expression, with response rates of 60% in PR-IHC > 50% cases. ER/PR-IHC can vary by tumour location and is frequently lost with tumour progression. Therefore, we explored the relationship between ER/PR-IHC expression and tumour location in EC.

Being all-seeing gymnast within kidney cavity: analysis of the optical and flexibility characteristics trends of 61 flexible ureteroscopes over four decades.

The purpose of this review is to analyze the trend in optical features and flexibility changes of flexible ureteroscopes over the past decades, and determine the correlation of individual parameters with release period as well as with dimensional parameters. Flexible ureteroscopes mentioned in the literature or those commercially available were searched. To minimize the search bias, the instruments were grouped by release date time-periods of < 2000 year, 2000-2009, 2010-2019, and 2020 onwards.

Broad-range amplification and sequencing of the gene: a novel assay for bacterial identification in clinical microbiology.

The gene has been proposed as a promising phylogenetic marker for bacterial identification, providing theoretically improved species-level resolution compared to the 16S rRNA gene for a range of clinically important taxa. However, its utility in diagnostic microbiology has been limited by the lack of broad-range primers allowing for its amplification from most species with a single PCR assay. Here, we present an assay for broad-range partial amplification and Sanger sequencing of the gene.

Measuring pain intensity through physical interaction in an experimental model of cold-induced pain: A method comparison study.

Objectives: Assessment of pain is challenging given its subjective nature. Standard pain assessment tools have limitations. We aimed to compare the verbal numeric rating scale (NRS) and Grasp, a novel handheld electronic device that reports pain by squeezing.

Anxiety Symptom Trajectories Predict Depression Symptom Trajectories up to Four Years After CBT for Youth Anxiety Disorders.

Long-term data on depression symptoms after cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for youth anxiety disorders are scant. We examined depression symptoms up to four years post CBT for anxiety addressing youth age and gender, family social class, and parent mental health as predictors. The sample comprised 179 youth (M age at pre-treatment = 11.