12,287 results match your criteria: "Haukeland University Hospital; xiao.liang@uib.no.[Affiliation]"

Eliciting broad and durable antibody responses against rapidly evolving pathogens like influenza viruses remains a formidable challenge. The germinal center (GC) reaction enables the immune system to generate broad, high-affinity, and durable antibody responses to vaccination. mRNA-based severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines induce persistent GC B cell responses in humans.

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Cause of death in patients with tuberculosis: A study based on epidemiological and autopsy records of Western Norway 1931-47.

J Infect Public Health

November 2024

Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. Electronic address:

Background: Without treatment, nearly 50 % of tuberculosis (TB) patients die. World Health Organization's definition of TB deaths does not take into consideration whether the cause of death was TB or other non-TB co-morbid conditions. We aimed to improve our knowledge of the causes of death in patients with TB.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study analyzed factors that might predict symptoms of severe COVID-19, focusing on individuals aged 80 to 90 in Sweden.
  • A questionnaire was sent in 2017 and again in 2022, with a significant response rate, especially from those who reported having COVID-19.
  • The findings identified several predictive factors tied to severe COVID-19 symptoms, notably removable dentures, periodontal issues, and daytime dry mouth, suggesting a connection between oral health and COVID-19 severity.
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Transabdominal Ultrasound of the Stomach in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia: A Review.

Diagnostics (Basel)

September 2024

Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway.

Dyspepsia is a very common condition worldwide and has an immense impact on quality of life. Functional dyspepsia (FD) is defined by dyspeptic symptoms with the absence of any structural abnormality that can explain the cause. Ultrasonography (US) is a non-invasive imaging modality that can be applied to assess gastric function.

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Although treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) has undergone a revolution in the last decades, at least two important barriers remain: alleviation of innate inflammation driving disease progression and promotion of remyelination and neural regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties and promote remyelination in murine MS models. The main therapeutic mechanism has, however, been attributed to their potent paracrine capacity, and not to in vivo tissue implantation.

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Purpose: To perform an extensive investigation of the clinical features and long-term complications among the n = 134 adults and children with nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) verified SARS-CoV-2-infection in the immunologically naïve population of Ulvik, Norway, during the single variant B.1.1.

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Solid epithelial cancers with significant desmoplasia are characterized by an excessive deposition of collagen-based matrix, which often supports tumor progression. However, the mechanism of how collagen receptors mediate collagen fibrillogenesis still remains mostly unclear. We show that the collagen-binding integrin α11β1 can co-localize with tensin-1 and deposited collagen I in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) stroma.

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Article Synopsis
  • Objective
  • : The study aimed to investigate the link between maternal diabetes during pregnancy and subtle changes in the heart structure and function of infants, specifically looking at the effects of both preexisting diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
  • Methods
  • : Researchers analyzed data from 25,486 infants who underwent heart ultrasound within their first two months. They used linear regression to evaluate differences in heart measurements between infants exposed to maternal diabetes and those who were not.
  • Results
  • : Infants whose mothers had preexisting diabetes showed significant changes like thicker heart walls, smaller heart dimensions, lower blood flow, and faster heart rates compared to unexposed infants. Those born to mothers with GDM had similar,
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  • The study aimed to compare immune responses to a COVID-19 booster vaccination between older adults and younger individuals, focusing on humoral and cellular immunity.
  • Researchers found that older adults (average age 86) initially had lower immune responses after earlier vaccinations compared to younger adults (average age 39), but both groups improved their antibody levels after the booster.
  • While young adults showed increased cellular immune responses after the booster, older adults did not, and their plasma showed higher levels of certain T cell activation and exhaustion markers, indicating potential immune dysfunction in the elderly.
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Background: Calling for help is the first link in the chain of survival; however, few studies have investigated the challenges faced by frequent callers (FCs) to emergency medical communication centres (EMCCs). This study aimed to explore the characteristics of FCs and the nature of their calls to the Bergen EMCC, Norway.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of all emergency calls to the Bergen EMCC over three consecutive years (2019-2021).

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  • - The study investigates the risk of subdural hemorrhages (SDHs) in extremely premature infants, focusing on their prevalence, identification agreement in MRI evaluations, and measuring subarachnoid spaces.
  • - A total of 121 infants underwent MRI, revealing no significant SDHs, but 49.5% had some form of intracranial hemorrhage related to prematurity, with reliable identification rates for hemorrhage across observers.
  • - The findings suggest that premature infants are not more susceptible to SDHs not caused by abuse in the first few months, though many exhibited enlarged subarachnoid spaces.
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Purpose: Orofacial Pain (OFP) affects 15% of the general population. OFP conditions can be myofascial, also known as temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) or neuropathic. The underlying pathophysiology in several chronic OFP conditions, is unknown.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigated outcomes of lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) placement in patients with surgically altered anatomy (SAA), which is not well-documented in existing literature, involving 270 patients across 25 tertiary care centers up to November 2023.
  • - Technical success of the procedures was very high at 98%, with clinical success at 97%, although there was a notable adverse event rate of 12%, with various degrees of severity recorded.
  • - The results suggest that while LAMS placement in SAA is effective, due to the risk of complications, these procedures should only be performed by experienced endoscopists in specialized centers.
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Biological biomarkers in muscle diseases relevant for follow-up and evaluation of treatment.

Brain

October 2024

Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

Muscle diseases cover a diverse group of disorders that in most cases are hereditary. The rarity of the individual muscle diseases provides a challenge for researchers when wanting to establish natural history of the conditions and when trying to develop diagnostic tools, therapies, and outcome measures to evaluate disease progression. With emerging molecular therapies in many genetic muscle diseases, as well as biological therapies for the immune-mediated ones, biological biomarkers play an important role in both drug development and evaluation.

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Aims And Method: To explore the duration of support, reach, effectiveness and equity in access to and outcome of individual placement and support (IPS) in routine clinical practice. A retrospective analysis of routine cross-sectional administrative data was performed for people using the IPS service ( = 539).

Results: A total of 46.

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This qualitative study explored the experiences of individuals testing a novel internet-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy program (iACT) for patients with mild and moderate depressive disorder. Twelve participants, consisting of one male and 11 females with a history of depression but not currently depressed were recruited. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted after 14 days of access to the iACT without therapist guidance.

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Actin is a critical component of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton. In animals, actins undergo unique N-terminal processing by dedicated enzymes resulting in mature acidic and acetylated forms. The final step, N-terminal acetylation, is catalyzed by NAA80 in humans.

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Article Synopsis
  • Childhood maltreatment (CM) can affect the children of those who experienced it, and the biological processes behind this are not well understood.
  • This study examined how maternal experiences of CM relate to the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in maternal and perinatal tissues by analyzing samples from 43 pregnant women.
  • It found that higher levels of maternal CM were linked to lower levels of a specific miRNA (hsa-miR-582-3p) in cord blood, suggesting a potential impact on the genetic development of the offspring.
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  • Pegunigalsidase alfa is a new enzyme replacement therapy for Fabry disease, showing a longer half-life and administered every 4 weeks instead of the typical 2-week schedule.
  • The BRIGHT study involved 30 adult patients who switched from another ERT to pegunigalsidase alfa, revealing good safety results with mostly mild side effects and no new anti-drug antibodies.
  • Although the treatment showed acceptable tolerance, more research is needed due to the small sample size, but it suggests that this 4-week regimen could be a viable new option for managing Fabry disease.
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Background: This report summarizes the discussions and conclusions from the "Correlates of Protection for Next Generation Influenza Vaccines: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic" meeting, which took place in Seattle, USA, from March 1, 2023, to March 3, 2023.

Conclusions: Discussions around influenza virus correlates of protection and their use continued from where the discussion had been left off in 2019. While there was not much progress in the influenza field itself, many lessons learned during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, especially the importance of mucosal immunity, were discussed and can directly be applied to influenza correlates of protection.

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Thrombolysis in wake-up stroke based on MRI mismatch.

J Neurol Sci

November 2024

Department of Neurology, Stavanger University Hospital, Postboks 8100, 4068 Stavanger, Norway; Neuroscience Research Group, Stavanger University Hospital, Postboks 8100, 4068 Stavanger, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Postboks 1400, 5021 Bergen, Norway. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the use of modified MRI mismatch criteria for administering intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) to wake-up stroke (WUPS) patients, focusing on those with partial mismatch.
  • Conducted at Stavanger University Hospital, it included 78 WUPS patients, assessing their clinical outcomes based on NIHSS and mRS scores after 3 months, alongside safety concerns like intracranial hemorrhage (ICH).
  • The findings revealed that patients with the best outcomes had a DWI/FLAIR mismatch and no instances of ICH were reported, supporting the modified criteria's effectiveness for selecting WUPS patients for IVT.
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  • Some studies found that specific gene markers (KRAS or BRAF) combined with other health factors can lead to bad results for people with liver cancer, making surgery not very helpful.
  • The research looked at data from over 1,600 patients to see how long they lived after surgery and found many didn’t survive long, especially those with risky KRAS mutations.
  • The findings suggest that in some cases, surgery might not be the best option for these patients, similar to those who only got treatment without surgery.
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  • The study investigates the long-term effects of prenatal OMT exposure on children aged 5-13, focusing on brain volume and motor functions.
  • It includes 55 OMT-exposed children and 59 control children, using MRI and various tests to analyze brain structure and function.
  • Results showed that OMT-exposed children had smaller brain volumes and specific brain structures, suggesting potential negative impacts on brain development and function.
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  • The IRDiRC Telehealth Task Force investigated how telehealth can enhance diagnosis, care, research, and education related to rare diseases by reviewing literature from 2017 to 2023 and identifying effective models and strategies.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic significantly boosted the adoption of telehealth, highlighting its ability to overcome geographical barriers and improve access to specialized care for rare disease patients.
  • While telehealth presents several benefits, such as decentralized clinical research and enhanced education for local healthcare providers, it also has limitations, including challenges in performing physical exams and building personal relationships with healthcare professionals, thus suggesting it should complement traditional care rather than replace it.
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