Behind the screen: drug discovery using the big data of phenotypic analysis.

Technological advances in drug discovery are exciting to students, but it is challenging for faculty to maintain the pace with these developments, particularly within undergraduate courses. In recent years, a High-throughput Discovery Science and Inquiry-based Case Studies for Today's Students (HITS) Research Coordination Network has been assembled to address the mechanism of how faculty can, on-pace, introduce these advancements. As a part of HITS, our team has developed "Behind the Screen: Drug Discovery using the Big Data of Phenotypic Analysis" to introduce students and faculty to phenotypic screening as a tool to identify inhibitors of diseases that do not have known cellular targets.

Diffusion of the Shared Citizenship Paradigm: Strategies and Next Steps.

The field of disabilities is being challenged to adopt a paradigm that can be used to guide the transformation of services, supports, and research practices to ensure and enhance the personal autonomy, rights, and community inclusion of people with disabilities. This article describes strategies associated with the systematic diffusion and sustainability of an innovation such as the emerging Shared Citizenship Paradigm (SCP), which has the potential to guide the transformation. The systematic diffusion process incorporates five components: knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, and confirmation.

Legal Implications of Psychiatric Assessment for Medical Aid in Dying.

In recent years, several jurisdictions have passed legislation to permit medical aid in dying (MAID) worldwide, with considerable expansion in the availability of this practice. MAID has been defined as the practice of a clinician prescribing lethal drugs in response to a direct request from the patient, with a shared understanding that the patient intends to use the medication to bring about the patient's death. Wider legalization of MAID has prompted debates and legal controversies regarding the extent to which MAID should be available and its application for people experiencing mental illness as the primary indication.

From a concept to a theory: The six eras of quality of life research and application.

This article describes the evolution of the quality of life concept through the lens of six distinct eras. Each era reflects a shared process in which multiple stakeholders, including persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities and researchers, have played a significant role. Across these six eras, research on quality of life has evolved from operationalizing a concept to developing a theory.

Men of Mexican ethnicity, alcohol use, and help-seeking: "I can quit on my own.".

Introduction: Hispanics report higher rates of problematic alcohol use compared to non-Hispanic Whites while also reporting lower rates of alcohol treatment utilization compared to non-Hispanics. The study employs Anderson's Behavioral Model of Healthcare Utilization Model to guide the exploration of alcohol use, help-seeking and healthcare utilization.

Methods: The present qualitative study explored help-seeking and alcohol treatment utilization for Hispanic men of Mexican ethnicity.

A Systematic Approach to Implementing, Evaluating, and Sustaining the Shared Citizenship Paradigm in the Disability Field.

The disability field continues to face challenges in transforming and implementing meaningful and effective changes in person-centered services and supports aligned with the principles of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. To guide this transformative process effectively, a paradigm must be operationalized through a systematic approach. This article outlines such a systematic approach, consisting of two components: (a) aligning the paradigm's foundational pillars to the elements of an explanatory/implementation model (the Quality of Life and Supports Model) to facilitate the paradigm's operationalization, acceptance, and application and (b) aligning implementation, evaluation, and sustainability strategies with ecological systems, implementation targets, and the paradigm's foundational pillars to drive change across systems.

The Quality of Life Supports Model as a Vehicle for Implementing Rights.

The Quality of Life Supports Model (QOLSM) is emerging as a new framework that is applicable to people with disabilities in general, but specially to people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). The aim of this conceptual paper is twofold. Firstly, it aims to show the overlap between the QOLSM and the Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (CRPD), highlighting how the former can be used to address many of the goals and rights embedded in the latter.

Options for states to constrain pricing power of health care providers.

Health care is becoming increasingly unaffordable for both individuals and employers and prices vary in nearly incomprehensible ways that do not correlate with quality. In many areas, consolidation of insurers and providers resulted in market failure that needs policy interventions. With federal gridlock, state policymakers are seeking options for controlling health care costs in markets where competition has failed.

The intellectual and developmental disability shared citizenship paradigm: its cross-cultural status, implementation and confirmation.

Background: Dramatic changes in societal approaches to people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), and the services and supports they receive are reflected in a new paradigm that we name the shared citizenship paradigm. The shared citizenship paradigm (1) incorporates an updated and contemporary set of values and beliefs about people with IDD and their right to participate fully in all aspects of life and society; (2) is characterised by a holistic approach to IDD, a contextual model of human functioning, disability rights principles and person-centred implementation strategies; (3) incorporates the exponential growth in knowledge about the causes and characteristics of IDD and factors influencing the elimination of barriers to positive outcomes for people with IDD; and (4) is reflected in international covenants, such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (UNCRPD), and in international policy goals and associated personal outcome domains.

Method: We conducted a preliminary survey on the cross-cultural status of the shared citizenship paradigm with a small purposefully sampled international group of professionals known to have extensive knowledge, experience, and publications regarding their country's current IDD-related policies and practices.

The Rise Of Cross-Market Hospital Systems And Their Market Power In The US.

Although hospital consolidation within markets has been well documented, consolidation across markets has not, even though economic theory predicts-and evidence is emerging-that cross-market hospital systems raise prices by exerting market power across markets when negotiating with common customers (primarily insurers). This study analyzes hospital systems using the American Hospital Association Annual Survey Database and defines hospital geographic markets as commuting zones that link workers to places of employment. The share of community hospitals in the US that were part of hospital systems increased from 10 percent in 1970 to 67 percent in 2019, resulting in 3,436 hospitals within 368 systems in 2019.

The IDD Paradigm of Shared Citizenship: Its Operationalization, Application, Evaluation, and Shaping for the Future.

Changes in the field of intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) over the last 5 decades has resulted in the emergence of the shared citizenship paradigm. This paradigm is currently guiding the development of IDD-related policies and practices, and providing a framework for application, research-based inquiry, and evaluation. A shared citizenship paradigm is one that envisions, supports, and requires the engagement and full participation of people with IDD as equal, respected, valued, participatory, and contributing members of every aspect of society.

Arousal/Stress Effects of "Overwatch" eSports Game Competition in Collegiate Gamers.

Kraemer, WJ, Caldwell, LK, Post, EM, Beeler, MK, Emerson, A, Volek, JS, Maresh, CM, Fogt, JS, Fogt, N, Häkkinen, K, Newton, RU, Lopez, P, Sanchez, BN, and Onate, JA. Arousal/stress effects of "Overwatch" eSports game competition in collegiate gamers. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2671-2675, 2022-To date, no physical response data are available for one of the most popular eSport games, Overwatch .

The Use of Battered Woman Syndrome in U.S. Criminal Courts.

Although not recognized by any edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, battered woman syndrome (BWS) has been offered as a defense in U.S. criminal courts for several decades.

Medical Student Parental Leave Policies at U.S. Medical Schools.

As medical training occurs during prime childbearing years, parental leave policies may affect the career and family choices of medical students. This cross-sectional study builds on existing research by quantifying the prevalence of formal policies for parental leave in highly ranked United States Medical Degree granting institutions, and analyzing the characteristics of those policies, with the objective of identifying existing best practices for future policy adopters to consider. Only 14% of the medical schools reviewed had substantive, stand-alone parental leave policies, and the majority of schools had leave of absence policies without mention of parental leave.

Professional Responsibility in the Field of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Its Definition, Application, and Impacts.

This article addresses the need to clearly understand professional responsibility and the critical role it plays in the lives of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), in shaping professions for the better, and in enhancing the functioning of society for the benefit of all. Understanding professional responsibility is especially timely during the current transformation that is occurring in the field of IDD. To that end, the article discusses what is a profession, who is a professional, and what is professional responsibility.

Challenges with Defining Pharmaceutical Markets and Potential Remedies to Screen for Industry Consolidation.

Context: Dramatic increases in pharmaceutical merger and acquisition (M&A) activity since 2010 suggest we are in the midst of a third wave of industry consolidation.

Methods: The authors reviewed 168 economic, legal, medical, industry, and government sources to examine the effects of consolidation on competition and innovation and to explore how industry attributes complicate M&A regulation in a pharmaceutical context.

Findings: The authors find that, in spite of certain metrics that might argue otherwise, consolidation consistently reduces innovation and harms the public good.

Do State Bans of Most-Favored-Nation Contract Clauses Restrain Price Growth? Evidence From Hospital Prices.

Unlabelled: Policy Points Looking for a way to curtail market power abuses in health care and rein in prices, 20 states have restricted most-favored-nation (MFN) clauses in some health care contracts. Little is known as to whether restrictions on MFN clauses slow health care price growth. Banning MFN clauses between insurers and hospitals in highly concentrated insurer markets seems to improve competition and lead to lower hospital prices.

Childbearing Among Women Cardiologists: The Interface of Experience, Impact, and the Law.

Background: Maternity leave is highly variable in the United States given the lack of a federal workforce mandate.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences and impact of childbearing on women cardiologists and their careers, within a legal framework.

Methods: A survey was sent to women cardiologists, asking about their experiences while pregnant and on maternity leave.