Peripheral immune reactions following human traumatic spinal cord injury: the interplay of immune activation and suppression.

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) damages the nerve tissue of the spinal cord, resulting in loss of motor and/or sensory functions at and below the injury level. SCI provokes a long-lasting immune response that extends beyond the spinal cord and induces changes in the composition and function of the peripheral immune system. Seemingly contradictory findings have been observed, as both systemic immune activation, including inflammation and autoimmunity, and immune suppression have been reported.

Revision radiocapitellar arthroplasty by mismatched implant components - A salvage option: A report of two cases with a minimum three-year follow-up.

Radiocapitellar arthroplasty has been shown to improve pain and function in patients with a degenerative joint. Due to problems with the loosening of the radial head component, one of the few available systems was removed from the global market. This offered specific challenges in terms of treatment strategies when one or both components of a system that is no longer available fail.

Linear Mixed Modeling of Federated Data When Only the Mean, Covariance, and Sample Size Are Available.

In medical research, individual-level patient data provide invaluable information, but the patients' right to confidentiality remains of utmost priority. This poses a huge challenge when estimating statistical models such as a linear mixed model, which is an extension of linear regression models that can account for potential heterogeneity whenever data come from different data providers. Federated learning tackles this hurdle by estimating parameters without retrieving individual-level data.

Integration of Multiple Climate Change Mitigation Actions and Health Co-Benefits: A Framework Using the Global Calculator.

Background: The Global Calculator is an open-source model of the world's energy, land, and food systems. It is a pioneering online calculator to project the impact of interventions to mitigate climate change on global temperature. A few studies have been conducted to evaluate the health co-benefits of climate change mitigation, though they are still fragmentary.

[A key role for physicians in identifying, discussing and referring problematic alcohol use].

Introduction: Alcohol consumption increases the risk of approximately 200 health conditions. Nature, severity, and prevalence of alcohol-related issues in the Netherlands warrant more structured attention in medical consultations. Over 20 GP-guidelines recommend addressing alcohol consumption and providing advice.

Nutrient conditions affect antimicrobial pharmacodynamics in .

The infectious microenvironment in chronic respiratory tract infections is characterized by substantial variability in nutrient conditions, which may impact colonization and treatment response of pathogens. Metabolic adaptation of the cystic fibrosis (CF)-associated pathogen has been shown to lead to changes in antibiotic sensitivity. The impact of specific nutrients on the response to antibiotics is, however, poorly characterized.

Racial and regional disparities in the risk of noncommunicable disease between sub-Saharan black and European white patients.

Objectives: Greater vulnerability of Black vs. White individuals to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is well charted in the United States, but studies involving sub-Saharan blacks are scarce.

Methods: Baseline data (2021-2024) were collected in 168 sub-Saharan Blacks and 93 European Whites in an ongoing clinical trial (NCT04299529), using standardized patient selection criteria.

Transition from neonatal to paediatric intensive care of very preterm-born children: a cohort study of children born between 2013 and 2018 in England and Wales.

Objective: Following very preterm birth, some children require ongoing intensive care after the neonatal period and transition directly from neonatal units (NNUs) to paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) around term-corrected age.We aimed to understand, at a national level, characteristics and outcomes of children born very preterm who transitioned directly from NNUs to PICUs.

Design: Retrospective cohort study, using data linkage of National Neonatal Research Database, Paediatric Intensive Care Audit Network and Office for National Statistics datasets.

Daratumumab or Active Monitoring for High-Risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma.

Background: Daratumumab, an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, has been approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Data are needed regarding the use of daratumumab for high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma, a precursor disease of active multiple myeloma for which no treatments have been approved.

Methods: In this phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned patients with high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma to receive either subcutaneous daratumumab monotherapy or active monitoring.

Heterogeneity of aerobic fitness changes with exercise training in progressive multiple sclerosis: Secondary, exploratory analysis of data from the CogEx trial.

Background: There is heterogeneity of aerobic fitness (VO) changes with a standardized exercise training stimulus in the general population (i.e. some participants demonstrate improvements, others no change, and some a reduction in VO).

An endemic species flock of Candonidae Kaufmann, 1900 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from wells in Benin (Africa), with the description of a new subfamily, a new genus and five new species.

Between 2015 and 2022, over 200 wells were sampled in four catchment areas of Benin, using both Cvetkov plankton nets (funnel 200 µm mesh size, 150 µm below valve) and baited traps. As artificial wells serve as ecotones (interfaces between surface and groundwater ecosystems), the ostracod fauna is mostly represented by two families; Cyprididae (mainly epigeic) and Candonidae (hypogeic). Here, we describe a new subfamily of Candonidae from the wells in Benin, the Benincandoninae subfam.

Maximal inspiratory pressure and exercise-induced inspiratory muscle fatigue in chronic nonspecific low back pain.

Background: Patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP) show reduced inspiratory muscle function. However, studies comparing maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and exercise-induced inspiratory muscle fatigue (IMF) between CNSLBP and healthy controls (HC) are lacking.

Objective: To compare MIP and exercise-induced IMF between CNSLBP and HC.

Why does tinnitus vary with naps? A polysomnographic prospective study exploring the somatosensory hypothesis.

Background: Tinnitus, defined as the conscious awareness of a noise without any identifiable corresponding external acoustic source, can be modulated by various factors. Among these factors, tinnitus patients commonly report drastic increases of tinnitus loudness following nap sleep. Previous studies have suggested that this clinical pattern could be attributed to a somatosensory modulation of tinnitus.

Development and pilot evaluation of an evidence-based algorithm for MASLD (formerly NAFLD) management in primary care in Europe.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, formerly NAFLD), emerges as major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with chronic patients facing increased risk. Guidelines on MASLD management in primary care (PC) are limited. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a clinical care pathway for use in PC to improve MASLD screening and management, including early detection, communication and treatment, in three European countries (Greece, Spain, the Netherlands).

A rare case of spinal myeloid sarcoma.

Background: Myeloid sarcoma (MS), a rare extramedullary tumor composed of myeloid blast cells, is classified by the World Health Organization as a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Isolated, primary, or nonleukemic MS has an incidence of 2/1,000,000 adults and constitutes only 0.7% of all AML cases.

Expression of concern: An impedimetric immunosensor based on diamond nanowires decorated with nickel nanoparticles.

Expression of concern for 'An impedimetric immunosensor based on diamond nanowires decorated with nickel nanoparticles' by Palaniappan Subramanian , , 2014, , 1726-1731, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3AN02045B.

Continuous theta burst stimulation at 30 hz does not modulate cortical excitability in a sham-controlled study.

Theta burst stimulation (TBS) can modulate cortical excitability but suffers from high inter-subject variability. Modified TBS frequency patterns (30 Hz) showed consistent inhibitory aftereffects, but further research into the time course of these effects is needed. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a 30 Hz continuous TBS (cTBS) protocol.

Impact on murine neurodevelopment of early-life exposure to airborne ultrafine carbon nanoparticles.

The effects of ultrafine particle (UFP) inhalation on neurodevelopment, especially during critical windows of early life, remain largely unexplored. The specific time windows during which exposure to UFP might be the most detrimental remain poorly understood. Here, we studied early-life exposure to clean ultrafine carbonaceous particles (UFP) and neurodevelopment and central nervous system function in offspring.