509 results match your criteria: "Harvard University Medical School[Affiliation]"
Kidney Med
December 2024
Division of Precision Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, NY.
Rationale & Objective: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the leading causes of end-stage kidney disease globally. We aim to identify proteomic and metabolomic correlates of histologically confirmed DKD that may improve our understanding of its pathophysiology.
Study Design: A cross-sectional study.
Purpose: To evaluate the gender distribution of first and last authors with Brazilian surgical affiliations in PubMed-indexed surgical journals.
Methods: Data from eligible surgical journals were retrieved using Scimago Journal & Country Rank 2021 and manually reviewed. Manuscripts published from 2018 to 2022 were included if at least one author was affiliated with a Brazilian institution and a surgical specialty.
Curr Cardiol Rep
October 2024
Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiovascular Research Center, Harvard University Medical School, 149 13Th Street, Charlestown, Boston, MA, USA.
Purpose Of Review: This opinion paper highlights the advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology for cardiovascular disease (CVD), presents best practices and transformative impacts, and addresses current concerns that must be resolved for broader adoption.
Recent Findings: With the evolution of digitization in data collection, large amounts of data have become available, surpassing the human capacity for processing and analysis, thus enabling the application of AI. These models can learn complex spatial and temporal patterns from large amounts of data, providing patient-specific outputs.
Physiol Behav
December 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Bridgewater State University, 24 Park Ave., Bridgewater, MA 02325, USA. Electronic address:
medRxiv
September 2024
Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a complex sleep problem that affects approximately 33% of the United States population. Although EDS usually occurs in conjunction with insufficient sleep, and other sleep and circadian disorders, recent studies have shown unique genetic markers and metabolic pathways underlying EDS. Here, we aimed to further elucidate the biological profile of EDS using large scale single- and pathway-level metabolomics analyses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Intern Med
October 2024
Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Marburg, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany.
Sci Adv
August 2024
Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
Skeletal muscle has gained recognition as an endocrine organ releasing myokines upon contraction during physical exercise. These myokines exert both local and pleiotropic health benefits, underscoring the crucial role of muscle function in countering obesity and contributing to the overall positive effects of exercise on health. Here, we found that exercise activates muscle p38γ, increasing locomotor activity through the secretion of interleukin-15 (IL-15).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Respir J
July 2024
Respiratory Group, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia.
Nat Biotechnol
July 2024
Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Antigen discovery technologies have largely focused on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted human T cell receptors (TCRs), leaving methods for MHC class II-restricted and mouse TCR reactivities relatively undeveloped. Here we present TCR mapping of antigenic peptides (TCR-MAP), an antigen discovery method that uses a synthetic TCR-stimulated circuit in immortalized T cells to activate sortase-mediated tagging of engineered antigen-presenting cells (APCs) expressing processed peptides on MHCs. Live, tagged APCs can be directly purified for deconvolution by sequencing, enabling TCRs with unknown specificity to be queried against barcoded peptide libraries in a pooled screening context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Hum Behav
August 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a central tool for investigating human brain function, organization and disease. Here, we show that fMRI-based estimates of functional brain connectivity artifactually inflate at spatially heterogeneous rates during resting-state and task-based scans. This produces false positive connection strength changes and spatial distortion of brain connectivity maps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWound Repair Regen
July 2024
Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of moderate and severe foot infections in people with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). We retrospectively evaluated 382 patients (77% with DM and 23% non-DM). We collected demographic data, co-morbidities and one-year outcomes including healing, surgical interventions, number of surgeries, length of stay, re-infection and re-hospitalisation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Immunol
April 2024
Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology Division, CHU Sainte-Justine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is characterized by a severe deficiency in T cell numbers. We analyzed data collected (n = 307) for PHA-based T cell proliferation from the PIDTC SCID protocol 6901, using either a radioactive or flow cytometry method. In comparing the two groups, a smaller number of the patients tested by flow cytometry had <10% of the lower limit of normal proliferation as compared to the radioactive method (p = 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
January 2024
Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
Targeted synthetic vaccines have the potential to transform our response to viral outbreaks, yet the design of these vaccines requires a comprehensive knowledge of viral immunogens. Here, we report severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) peptides that are naturally processed and loaded onto human leukocyte antigen-II (HLA-II) complexes in infected cells. We identify over 500 unique viral peptides from canonical proteins as well as from overlapping internal open reading frames.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
March 2024
Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, IN, 46202, Indianapolis.
Irisin, released from exercised muscle, has been shown to have beneficial effects on numerous tissues but its effects on bone are unclear. We found significant sex and genotype differences in bone from wildtype (WT) mice compared to mice lacking (KO), with and without calcium deficiency. Despite their bone being indistinguishable from WT females, KO female mice were partially protected from osteocytic osteolysis and osteoclastic bone resorption when allowed to lactate or when placed on a low-calcium diet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Bronconeumol
January 2024
Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
November 2023
Division of Bone and Mineral Research, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115.
We have previously reported that the cortical bone thinning seen in mice lacking the Wnt signaling antagonist is due in part to impaired periosteal apposition. The periosteum contains cells which function as a reservoir of stem cells and contribute to cortical bone expansion, homeostasis, and repair. However, the local or paracrine factors that govern stem cells within the periosteal niche remain elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
September 2023
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard University Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
The fMRI blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal is a mainstay of neuroimaging assessment of neuronal activity and functional connectivity . Thus, a chief priority is maximizing this signal's reliability and validity. To this end, the fMRI community has invested considerable effort into optimizing both experimental designs and physiological denoising procedures to improve the accuracy, across-scan reproducibility, and subject discriminability of BOLD-derived metrics like functional connectivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuron
November 2023
Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Electronic address:
J Allergy Clin Immunol
December 2023
Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Md; Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Infectious Diseases, IRCM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address:
Background: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is caused by defects in any 1 of the 6 subunits forming the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase complex 2 (NOX2), leading to severely reduced or absent phagocyte-derived reactive oxygen species production. Almost 50% of patients with CGD have inflammatory bowel disease (CGD-IBD). While conventional IBD therapies can treat CGD-IBD, their benefits must be weighed against the risk of infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Health Forum
July 2023
Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
Importance: Cervical cancer screening is associated with reduced cervical cancer mortality; however, clinical trials have also shown an association between excisional procedures for cervical neoplasia and an increased risk of preterm delivery (PTD). National screening guidelines must weigh adverse effects on birth outcomes against benefits of cancer prevention.
Objective: To ascertain the population-level association between the number of guideline-recommended cervical cancer screenings and downstream PTD risk among females aged 18 to 24 years.
Lancet
July 2023
Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Background: Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is fatal unless durable adaptive immunity is established, most commonly through allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium (PIDTC) explored factors affecting the survival of individuals with SCID over almost four decades, focusing on the effects of population-based newborn screening for SCID that was initiated in 2008 and expanded during 2010-18.
Methods: We analysed transplantation-related data from children with SCID treated at 34 PIDTC sites in the USA and Canada, using the calendar time intervals 1982-89, 1990-99, 2000-09, and 2010-18.
Pediatr Pulmonol
August 2023
Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Background: People in the labor force and in high-status careers consume alcohol at high rates. State-level structural sexism (sex inequality in political/economic status) is inversely related to alcohol use among women. We examine whether structural sexism modifies women's labor force characteristics and alcohol consumption.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGut
March 2023
Gilead Sciences Inc, Foster City, California, USA.
Objective: In retrospective studies, liver stiffness (LS) by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) is associated with the risk of liver decompensation in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but prospective data in biopsy-confirmed cohorts with advanced fibrosis are limited. We aimed to establish thresholds for LS by VCTE that predict progression to cirrhosis among patients with bridging fibrosis and hepatic decompensation among patients with cirrhosis due to NASH.
Design: We used data from four randomised placebo-controlled trials of selonsertib and simtuzumab in participants with advanced fibrosis (F3-F4).
Surg Obes Relat Dis
May 2023
Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Surgery, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Background: During the past 2.5 years, select bariatric surgeons in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts have been implementing same-day sleeve gastrectomy (SDSG). Key reasons for this change have been to reduce risks associated with hospitalization in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and to comply with third-party payer preference to reduce costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF