163 results match your criteria: "Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital[Affiliation]"

Corrigendum to "A multimodal neuroimaging-based risk score for mild cognitive impairment" [NeuroImage: Clinical 45 (2025) 103719].

Neuroimage Clin

December 2024

Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States; Departments of Psychology and Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States. Electronic address:

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A multimodal Neuroimaging-Based risk score for mild cognitive impairment.

Neuroimage Clin

November 2024

Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science: Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States; Departments of Psychology and Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States. Electronic address:

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent age-related dementia, leads to significant cognitive decline. While genetic risk factors and neuroimaging biomarkers have been extensively studied, establishing a neuroimaging-based metric to assess AD risk has received less attention. This study introduces the Brain-wide Risk Score (BRS), a novel approach using multimodal neuroimaging data to assess the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a precursor to AD.

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Hyperstable arousal regulation during a 15-min resting electroencephalogram (EEG) has been linked to a favorable response to antidepressants. The EMBARC study, a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial, provides an opportunity to examine arousal stability as putative antidepressant response predictor in short EEG recordings. We tested the hypothesis that high arousal stability during a 2-min resting EEG at baseline is related to better outcome in the sertraline arm and explored the specificity of this effect.

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Brain stimulation holds promise for treating brain disorders, but personalizing therapy remains challenging. Effective treatment requires establishing a functional link between stimulation parameters and brain response, yet traditional methods like random sampling (RS) are inefficient and costly. To overcome this, we developed an active learning (AL) framework that identifies optimal relationships between stimulation parameters and brain response with fewer experiments.

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Brain stimulation holds promise for treating brain disorders, but personalizing therapy remains challenging. Effective treatment requires establishing a functional link between stimulation parameters and brain response, yet traditional methods like random sampling (RS) are inefficient and costly. To overcome this, we developed an active learning (AL) framework that identifies optimal relationships between stimulation parameters and brain response with fewer experiments.

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The emergence of antidepressant drugs targeting GABA receptors: A concise review.

Biochem Pharmacol

October 2024

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Nyiro Gyula National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictology, Budapest, Hungary.

Depression is among the most common psychiatric illnesses, which imposes a major socioeconomic burden on patients, caregivers, and the public health system. Treatment with classical antidepressants (e.g.

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The natural alignment of animals into social dominance hierarchies produces adaptive, and potentially maladaptive, changes in the brain that influence health and behavior. Aggressive and submissive behaviors assumed by animals through dominance interactions engage stress-dependent neural and hormonal systems that have been shown to correspond with social rank. Here, we examined the association between social dominance hierarchy status established within cages of group-housed mice and the expression of the stress peptide PACAP in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA).

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Towards a multimodal neuroimaging-based risk score for mild cognitive impairment by combining clinical studies with a large (N>37000) population-based study.

medRxiv

March 2024

Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science: Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University Atlanta, GA.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of age-related dementia, leading to a decline in memory, reasoning, and social skills. While numerous studies have investigated the genetic risk factors associated with AD, less attention has been given to identifying a brain imaging-based measure of AD risk. This study introduces a novel approach to assess mild cognitive impairment MCI, as a stage before AD, risk using neuroimaging data, referred to as a brain-wide risk score (BRS), which incorporates multimodal brain imaging.

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Background: Mood disorders such as major depressive and bipolar disorders, along with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and other psychotic disorders, constitute serious mental illnesses (SMI) and often lead to inpatient psychiatric care for adults. Risk factors associated with increased hospitalization rate in SMI (H-SMI) are largely unknown but likely involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and socio-behavioral factors. We performed a genome-wide association study in an African American cohort to identify possible genes associated with hospitalization due to SMI (H-SMI).

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Anhedonia in adolescents at transdiagnostic familial risk for severe mental illness: Clustering by symptoms and mechanisms of association with behavior.

J Affect Disord

February 2024

University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; University of Pittsburgh, Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Background: Anhedonia is a transdiagnostic symptom of severe mental illness (SMI) and emerges during adolescence. Possible subphenotypes and neural mechanisms of anhedonia in adolescents at risk for SMI are understudied.

Methods: Adolescents at familial risk for SMI (N = 81) completed anhedonia (e.

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Pleasure is a fundamental driver of human behaviour, yet its neural basis remains largely unknown. Rodent studies highlight opioidergic neural circuits connecting the nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, insula and orbitofrontal cortex as critical for the initiation and regulation of pleasure, and human neuroimaging studies exhibit some translational parity. However, whether activation in these regions conveys a generalizable representation of pleasure regulated by opioidergic mechanisms remains unclear.

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The natural alignment of animals into social dominance hierarchies produces adaptive, and potentially maladaptive, changes in the brain that influence health and behavior. Aggressive and submissive behaviors assumed by animals through dominance interactions engage stress-dependent neural and hormonal systems that have been shown to correspond with social rank. Here, we examined the impact of social dominance hierarchies established within cages of group-housed laboratory mice on expression of the stress peptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in areas of the extended amygdala comprising the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA).

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The future of alzheimer disease immunotherapies in Saudi Arabia: Consensus statement of the Saudi Chapter of Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology.

Neurosciences (Riyadh)

April 2023

From The Neuroscience Research Unit and the Mind and Brain Studies Initiative (Tayeb), Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of neurology (Khallaf), Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, from Neurology Unit (Muayqil), from the the Department of Medicine (Alkeridy), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, from the Neurology Division (Alibrahim), Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, from the Department of Neurology (Alfaify), Prince Sultan Military Medical City, from the Neuroscience Centre (Qadi), King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and from the Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience (Tarazi), Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, Belmont, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • - Alzheimer Disease (AD) is a significant global healthcare issue, with existing treatments providing only limited benefits for patients.
  • - Aducanumab was the first approved drug aimed at modifying the disease, but its use is heavily restricted due to doubts about its effectiveness and potential side effects, while lecanemab received accelerated approval for early-stage AD.
  • - The Saudi Chapter of Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology created a review to discuss advancements in AD immunotherapies and propose recommendations for improving resources, research, and clinical practices in Saudi Arabia to better support AD patients.
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Objective: Rumination is a risk factor for the development of internalizing psychopathology that often emerges during adolescence. The goal of the present study was to test a mindfulness mobile app intervention designed to reduce rumination.

Method: Ruminative adolescents ( = 152; 59% girls, 18% racial/ethnic minority, age = 13.

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Unlabelled: Difficulties in emotion regulation are a core symptom of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and often interfere with cognitive functions, such as working memory (WM). Traumatic childhood experiences, including severe maltreatment, can contribute to emotion dysregulation, possibly mediated by changes in high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV). However, it is not yet entirely understood if HF-HRV alterations underlie impaired WM during emotional distraction in BPD and if this is related to traumatic childhood experiences and to comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

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Background: Delivery of effective antidepressant treatment has been hampered by a lack of objective tools for predicting or monitoring treatment response. This study aimed to address this gap by testing novel dynamic resting-state functional network markers of antidepressant response.

Methods: The Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response in Clinical Care (EMBARC) study randomized adults with major depressive disorder to 8 weeks of either sertraline or placebo, and depression severity was evaluated longitudinally.

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The Role of Physiotherapy in the Management of Functional Neurological Disorder in Children and Adolescents.

Semin Pediatr Neurol

April 2022

Department of Psychological Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia; University of Sydney Medical School, NSW, Australia; Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia. Electronic address:

Children and adolescents with functional neurological (conversion) disorder (FND) present with symptoms of impaired motor and sensory function. FND involves complex interactions between the brain, mind, body, and lived experience of the child. The gold standard for treatment is therefore a holistic, biopsychosocial approach with multimodal interventions delivered by a multidisciplinary team.

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Approximately 1 in 36 children are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The disorder is four times more common in males than in females. Zinc deficiency and mutations in SHANK2 and SHANK3 (members of a family of excitatory postsynaptic scaffolding proteins) are all risk factors that may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease.

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As members of a multidisciplinary team of professionals who treat children and adolescents with functional neurological (conversion) disorder (FND), we highlight the pressing need to develop an FND-informed culture of care that takes into account recent advances in our understanding of this group of patients. Stories of clinical encounters in health care settings from around the world-told by children and adolescents with FND, their parents, and health professionals-portray an outdated culture of care characterized by iatrogenic stigma, erosion of empathy and compassion within the clinician-patient relationship, and a lack of understanding of FND and its complex neurobiology. After a brief exploration of the outdated culture, we share our : how we and our colleagues have worked, and continue to work, to create an FND-informed culture in the health systems where we practice.

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Attempts to correlate blood levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have provided conflicting results. Some studies found a positive association between BDNF and PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity, while others found the association to be negative. The present study investigated whether serum levels of BDNF are different cross-sectionally between combat trauma-exposed veterans with and without PTSD, as well as whether longitudinal changes in serum BDNF differ as a function of PTSD diagnosis over time.

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Dopamine D3 Receptors: From Bench to Bedside.

Neuropsychopharmacol Hung

June 2021

Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, Boston, MA USA

Dopamine D3 receptors belong to the dopamine D2-like receptor family, which also includes D2 and D4 receptors. These receptors have limited anatomical distribution and are mainly expressed in brain regions and pathways that typically mediate the actions of antipsychotic drugs and medication used against Parkinson's disease (PD). The development of cariprazine, the fi rst D2/D3 partial agonist with prominent affi nity and preferential activity at D3 receptors over other dopamine receptor subtypes was a landmark that provided new insights into the neurochemical and physiological functions of D3 receptors.

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The stress response is an essential mechanism for maintaining homeostasis, and its disruption is implicated in several psychiatric disorders. On the cellular level, stress activates, among other mechanisms, autophagy that regulates homeostasis through protein degradation and recycling. Secretory autophagy is a recently described pathway in which autophagosomes fuse with the plasma membrane rather than with lysosomes.

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Biomarkers that predict symptom trajectories after trauma can facilitate early detection or intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and may also advance our understanding of its biology. Here, we aimed to identify trajectory-based biomarkers using blood transcriptomes collected in the immediate aftermath of trauma exposure. Participants were recruited from an Emergency Department in the immediate aftermath of trauma exposure and assessed for PTSD symptoms at baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months.

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