Clonal Hematopoiesis in Women With Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) has been associated with a variety of adverse outcomes, most notably hematologic malignancy and ischemic cardiovascular disease. A series of recent studies also suggest that CH may play a role in the outcomes of patients with solid tumors, including breast cancer. Here, we review the clinical and biological data that underlie potential connections between CH, inflammation, and breast cancer, with a focus on the prevalence and impact of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in patients with breast cancer.

Spontaneous oxycodone withdrawal disrupts sleep, diurnal, and electrophysiological dynamics in rats.

Opioid dependence is defined by an aversive withdrawal syndrome upon drug cessation that can motivate continued drug-taking, development of opioid use disorder, and precipitate relapse. An understudied but common opioid withdrawal symptom is disrupted sleep, reported as both insomnia and daytime sleepiness. Despite the prevalence and severity of sleep disturbances during opioid withdrawal, there is a gap in our understanding of their interactions.

Exploring the link between inflammation and brain function after metabolic-bariatric surgery: A year-long fMRI study.

Background: Metabolic-bariatric surgery (MBS) transcends weight loss and offers wide-ranging health benefits, including positive effects on brain function. However, the mechanisms behind these effects remain unclear, particularly in the context of significant postoperative changes in the inflammatory profile characteristic of MBS. Understanding how inflammation influences postoperative brain function can enhance our decision-making on patient eligibility for MBS and create new opportunities to improve the outcomes of this popular treatment.

Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: An appraisal of the 2023 ACR/CHEST guideline.

Purpose Of Review: To summarize the current treatment landscape of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) in the context of the recent 2023 American College of Rheumatology/American College of Chest Physicians guideline for ILD treatment in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

Recent Findings: The guideline conditionally recommends mycophenolate, azathioprine, and rituximab for first-line RA-ILD therapy, with cyclophosphamide and short-term glucocorticoids as additional options. For RA-ILD progression after first line, mycophenolate, rituximab, nintedanib, tocilizumab, cyclophosphamide, and pirfenidone are conditionally recommended, while long-term glucocorticoids are conditionally recommended against.

Improved patient reported outcomes with knotless double-row rotator cuff repair with and without lateral row biceps tenodesis at 2- and 5-years.

Background: The purpose of this study is to report outcomes of an arthroscopic knotless double-row (DR) rotator cuff repair (RCR) technique at 2- and 5- years postoperatively, and to compare clinical outcomes in patients undergoing knotless DR RCR with incorporated lateral row biceps tenodesis (LRT) vs. those without LRT.

Methods: All primary RCR surgeries were performed by a single surgeon at a single institution using a knotless transosseous equivalent (TOE) technique.

Phytic Acid-Induced Gradient Hydrogels for Highly Sensitive and Broad Range Pressure Sensing.

Ionic conductive hydrogels have emerged as an excellent option for constructing dielectric layers of interfacial iontronic sensors. Among these, gradient ionic hydrogels, due to the intrinsic gradient elastic modulus, can achieve a wide range of pressure responses. However, the fabrication of gradient hydrogels with optimal mechanical and sensing properties remains a challenge.

Delivering Guideline-Concordant Care for Patients With High-Risk HPV and Normal Cytologic Findings.

Importance: As US health care systems shift to human papillomavirus (HPV)-based cervical cancer screening, more patients are receiving positive high-risk non-16/18 genotype HPV results and negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM) cytological findings. Risk-based management guidelines recommend 2 consecutive negative annual results to return to routine screening.

Objective: To quantify patterns of surveillance testing and associated outcomes for patients after an HPV-positive results and NILM cytologic findings.

Real World Data in Stage III Melanoma in Latino Low Middle Income Country: Prognostic Factors and Outcomes.

Introduction: Malignant melanoma is a heterogeneous disease, with varying outcomes depending on the patient's race and ethnicity. Advanced stages can be tackled by novel targeted therapies and immunotherapy. We aimed to investigate the real-world data in Latino-Hispanic patients diagnosed with Stage III melanoma residing in Peru, a region marked by limited resources and healthcare infrastructure.

Hepcidin, Incident Heart Failure and Cardiac Dysfunction in Older Adults: the ARIC Study.

Aims: Hepcidin regulates plasma and tissue iron levels. We studied the association of hepcidin levels with the risk of incident heart failure (HF) and cardiac dysfunction in older adults.

Methods: We included adults from the ongoing, longitudinal Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study who were free from prevalent anemia and HF at Visit 5 (2011-2013) and had available hepcidin and covariate data.

Recommendations for mitochondria transfer and transplantation nomenclature and characterization.

Intercellular mitochondria transfer is an evolutionarily conserved process in which one cell delivers some of their mitochondria to another cell in the absence of cell division. This process has diverse functions depending on the cell types involved and physiological or disease context. Although mitochondria transfer was first shown to provide metabolic support to acceptor cells, recent studies have revealed diverse functions of mitochondria transfer, including, but not limited to, the maintenance of mitochondria quality of the donor cell and the regulation of tissue homeostasis and remodelling.

Early Versus Late Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Pulsed Field Ablation: Insights From the admIRE Trial.

Background And Aims: Studies have shown correlations between early recurrence (ER) and late recurrence (LR) of atrial arrhythmia after ablation with thermal technologies. This admIRE trial (NCT05293639) subanalysis aims to analyze ER versus LR in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) undergoing pulsed field ablation (PFA).

Methods: Patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and ≥1 transtelephonic monitoring transmission during the blanking period were included (n=169).

Phase I study of adavosertib with radiation therapy and temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma and intratumoral drug levels in recurrent glioblastoma.

Purpose: Adavosertib is an oral small molecular inhibitor of Wee1. The Adult Brain Tumor Consortium performed a phase I study of adavosertib, radiation (RT) and temozolomide (TMZ) in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) as well as a surgical window of opportunity study in recurrent GBM.

Patients And Methods: The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of adavosertib was determined in adult patients with newly diagnosed GBM using a standard 3+3 design in 2 separate cohorts: with concurrent RT/TMZ or with adjuvant TMZ.

Genomic Profiling of Cardiac Angiosarcoma Reveals Novel Targetable KDR Variants, Recurrent MED12 Mutations and a High Burden of Germline POT1Alterations.

Purpose: Cardiac angiosarcoma (CAS) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. Both sporadic and familial cases occur, with recent links to germline POT1 mutations. The genomic landscape of this disease is poorly understood.

Racial discrimination among women seeking breast cancer care.

Discrimination can contribute to worse health outcomes, but its prevalence in breast cancer is not well studied. We aimed to understand how women with stage I-III breast cancer faced discrimination in health care and everyday settings through the Everyday Discrimination Scale, cross-sectional survey. 296 women, 178 (60%) Non-Hispanic White (NHW), 76 (26%) Non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and 42 (14%) Hispanic participated.

Adolescent health and the intersectionality of ethnicity/race, sex, and sexual orientation: A national probability sample from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study.

Although children with marginalized sociodemographic characteristics are exposed to increased health risk and disparities, there is a paucity of population-based research on health status of children occupying multiple social marginalities. The present study investigated implications of children's intersectional sociodemographic characteristics on health risk indicators. In this longitudinal cohort study, we used longitudinal data from the ongoing Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study.

Metabolomics signatures of serotonin reuptake inhibitor (escitalopram), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (duloxetine) and cognitive-behavioral therapy on key neurotransmitter pathways in major depressive disorder.

Metabolomics provides powerful tools that can inform about heterogeneity in disease and response to treatments. In this exploratory study, we employed an electrochemistry-based targeted metabolomics platform to assess the metabolic effects of three randomly-assigned treatments: escitalopram, duloxetine, and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in 163 treatment-naïve outpatients with major depressive disorder. Serum samples from baseline and 12 weeks post-treatment were analyzed using targeted liquid chromatography-electrochemistry for metabolites related to tryptophan, tyrosine metabolism and related pathways.