Effect of Artemisia annua on anticoccidial action, intestinal microbiota and metabolites of Hu lambs.

Background: Coccidia are among the primary pathogens causing diarrhea and even fatalities in lambs. With the increasing use of chemical drugs to treat coccidiosis, the problem of drug resistance is becoming more and more threatening. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify novel alternative drugs for the treatment of the lamb coccidia.

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of orthodontic bands after aging: an in-vitro study.

Background: This investigation sought to evaluate cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of two different types of orthodontic bands after aging in acidic and neutral artificial saliva using human gingival fibroblast-like (HGF1-PI 1) cell lines.

Methods: Two commercial brands of orthodontic molar bands (American orthodontic (AO) and 3 S-dental bands), commonly used by orthodontists, were tested. These bands were divided into four groups to examine the effects of aging following thermocycling, and pH variations (pH = 4.

A digital intervention to reduce home-office workers' sedentary behaviour: protocol for the evaluation of the Click2Move programme, a cluster randomised controlled trial.

Background: A new paradigm of hybrid working exists, with most office workers sharing their work between the office and home office environment. Working from home increases time spent or prolonged sitting, which is associated with an increased risk of chronic disease. Interventions to reduce sitting time, specifically designed for both the office and home-office environments, are required to address this growing public health issue.

Joint spatiotemporal modelling of tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus in Ethiopia using a Bayesian hierarchical approach.

Background: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the distribution of HIV and TB in Ethiopia during four years (2015-2018) at the district level, considering both spatial and temporal patterns.

Methods: Consolidated data on the count of TB case notifications and the number of patients with HIV for four years, 2015-2018, were provided by the Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health. The data was analyzed using the Bayesian hierarchical approach, employing joint spatiotemporal modelling.

Evaluating cognitive bias in clinical ethics supports: a scoping review.

Background: A variety of cognitive biases are known to compromise ethical deliberation and decision-making processes. However, little is known about their role in clinical ethics supports (CES).

Methods: We searched five electronic databases (Pubmed, PsychINFO, the Web of Science, CINAHL, and Medline) to identify articles describing cognitive bias in the context of committees that deliberate on ethical issues concerning patients, at all levels of care.

The challenges and opportunities clinical education in the context of psychological, educational and therapeutic dimensions in teaching hospital.

Background: An appropriate clinical environment by providing learning opportunities, plays an important role in preparing students to apply the knowledge learned at the bedside. Since the lived experiences of patients in the clinical environment are effective on the quality of student's learning, the present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the lived experiences of patients regarding bedside teaching.

Materials And Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted using a content analysis approach in 2023 at the Imam Sajjad educational and therapeutic center affiliated with Tabriz Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences.

Hospital in-reach family-centred social prescribing pilot for children with neurodisability: mixed methods evaluation with social return on investment analysis.

Background: Social prescribing link workers support individuals to engage with community resources, co-creating achievable goals. Most schemes are community-based, targetting adults. Vulnerable populations including hospitalized children with neurodisability and their families, could also benefit from social prescribing.

Season of conception and risk of hypertensive disorder during pregnancy.

Background: Hypertensive Disorder during Pregnancy (HDP) is the most prevalent obstetric conditions in maternal health, but the etiology of most cases remains unexplained. Seasonal variations in the conception of HDP may offer insights into the potential seasonal-specific risk factors.

Methods: Data were sourced from the China's National Maternal Near Miss Surveillance System (NMNMSS) between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2021.

Quality and content assessment of internet information on nasoalveolar molding.

Background: To evaluate the quality and content of websites related to nasoalveolar molding (NAM).

Methods: A systematic Internet search was conducted using the keywords "nasoalveolar molding" and "presurgical nasoalveolar molding" determined through Google Trends and popular search engines: GoogleTM, YAHOO! and Yandex. The top 50 websites were evaluated for each keyword and search engine.

Assessing validity and reliability of the Transition Shock Scale for Undergraduate Nursing Students (TSS, Chinese version) in associate degree nursing students.

Background: The Transition Shock Scale for Undergraduate Nursing Students assesses transition to undergraduate nursing students. The TSS is a tool used in various countries and has been translated into Chinese; however, associate degree nurses dominate China's nursing workforce, it needs to be validated in associate degree nursing interns. This study aimed to analyze the TSS (Chinese version) validity and reliability in Chinese associate degree nursing interns.

Serum cardiac and inflammatory biomarker levels following chemotherapy among female patients with breast cancer attending at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Chemotherapy is a well-established therapeutic approach for several malignancies, including breast cancer (BCa). However, the clinical efficacy of this drug is limited by cardiotoxicity. Assessing multiple cardiac biomarkers can help identify patients at risk of adverse outcomes from chemotherapy.

Evaluation of a simulation-based ophthalmology education workshop for medical students: a pilot project.

Background/aims: Ophthalmology is an under-represented specialty in many medical school curriculums resulting in reduced confidence in medical students and clinicians when dealing with eye conditions. Our study evaluates the impact of a simulation-based education (SBE) workshop to train medical students in ophthalmology.

Methods: Second-year medical students were invited to participate in a two-day (eight-hour) simulation-based ophthalmology workshop.

Longitudinal association between hemoglobin and lung function with insights into the incidence of airflow obstruction: an observational study.

Background/aims: Evidence regarding the long-term association between hemoglobin (Hb) levels and lung function in individuals from the general population is scarce. This study aimed to determine the longitudinal association between Hb levels and lung function in a community-based population cohort in South Korea.

Methods: We used linear mixed regression analysis to evaluate the longitudinal associations between Hb levels and lung function parameters, including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV), and FEV/FVC.

NTHi killing activity is reduced in COPD patients and is associated with a differential microbiome.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung disease characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation. Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) lung infections are common in COPD, promoting frequent exacerbations and accelerated lung function decline. The relationship with immune responses and NTHi are poorly understood.

Infiltration and subtype analysis of CD3 + CD20 + T cells in lung cancer.

Background: CD3 + CD20 + T cells (T cells) are a subset of lymphocytes in the human body that are associated with inflammation. They originate from T cells interacting with B cells, and their levels are abnormally elevated in individuals with immune disorders, as well as in some cancer patients. The interplay between tumor immunity and inflammation is intricate, yet the specific involvement of T cells in local tumor immunity remains uncertain, with limited research on their subtypes.

Benefits of the Global Integration Method (Método de Integração Global - MIG) in functional priorities of parents of Brazilian children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Understanding the priorities of parents of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is crucial for implementing evidence-based programs. This study aims to identify the functional priorities of parents of Brazilian children and adolescents with ASD, analyze variations in priorities according to the levels of support and age groups of the participants, and categorize the goals according to the categories of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). Additionally, this study aimed to evaluate changes in parents' performance and satisfaction with functional priorities after intervention with the Global Integration Method (Métodode Integração Global - MIG).

Acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD-NET): a naturalistic pilot trial during the COVID-19 pandemic in a psychiatric outpatient department in Germany.

Background: Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is the gold-standard treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, access to CBT and specialized treatments is often limited. This pilot study describes the implementation of a guided Internet-Based CBT program (ICBT) for individuals seeking treatment for OCD in a psychiatric outpatient department in Leipzig, Germany, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Dermatology education in U.S. ophthalmology residency: a survey of the program directors.

Background: Many ocular conditions have associated dermatological findings. However, the inclusion of dermatology education in U.S.

Reflections of adolescent motherhood on infant and young child feeding practices: the case of Uganda.

Background: Age-appropriate breastfeeding and adequate complementary feeding play a crucial role in reducing under-5 mortality rates, malnutrition, and mortality worldwide. Given the high prevalence of adolescent pregnancy in Uganda, we aimed to assess the competence of adolescent mothers in infant and young child feeding (IYCF) using data from the 2016 Uganda Demographic Health Survey.

Method: Our sample comprised the last children aged 6-23 months of mothers aged 15-29 years, totaling 2594 mother-infant pairs; 402 were aged 15-19 years, 1,388 were aged 20-29 years with their first delivery before the age of 20, and 804 were aged 20-29 years with their first delivery at 20 years or older.

The antibiofilm effect and mechanism of silver nanowire-modified glass ionomer cement against multi-species oral biofilm.

Background: To investigate the antibiofilm effect and mechanism of the silver nanowire (AgNW)-modified glass ionomer cement (GIC) against multi-species oral biofilm, and to examine the mechanical and biochemical properties of this novel GIC material.

Methods: Conventional GIC was incorporated with different concentrations of AgNW and silver nanoparticles (AgNP). Multi-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus were cultured for 72 h on GIC specimens.

Home and outpatient electrostimulation in the treatment of urinary incontinence in women: a systematic review.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as any involuntary loss of urine and can be associated with urgency and/or physical exertion. Electrical stimulation (ES) has recently been identified as a proven therapeutic alternative for UI, with few side effects and low cost. This systematic review, registered on the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (RD42024528812), investigated whether home-based ES would be as viable as outpatient ES in the treatment of women with UI.

Identification of novel serum lipid metabolism potential markers and metabolic pathways for oral cancer: a population-based study.

Objective: This study aims to identify potential lipid biomarkers and metabolic pathways associated with oral cancer (OC). Then to establish and evaluate disease classification models capable of distinguishing OC patients from healthy controls.

Methods: A total of 41 OC patients and 41 controls were recruited from a hospital in Southeast China to examine the serum lipidomics by Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography Q Exactive Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-QE-MS).

The association of public health interventions regarding both infant sleep position and pertussis immunization with sudden infant death syndrome rates: an ecological study.

Background: Infections may play a role in the etiology of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), with Bordetella pertussis being a potential agent. The objective was to analyze the association of SIDS and infant pertussis hospitalization rates over time, comparing a previously unvaccinated population (West Germany) versus a predominantly vaccinated population (East Germany).

Methods: We calculated SIDS rates per 1000 live births per state.

Determinants of infants and young children feeding practices among mothers living in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The WHO sets evidence-based guidelines for infant feeding. Adhering to the WHO guidelines ensures that infants receive the proper nutrition and thus is associated with healthy growth and development.

Aim: To describe breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices (CFPs) for infants and young children and identify determinants of appropriate feeding practices.

Incidence and predictors of adverse birth outcomes among women who gave birth at Assosa general hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Adverse birth outcomes are a significant public health problem worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Adverse birth outcomes have significant immediate and long-term health consequences for infants and their families. Understanding the determinants of adverse birth outcomes is crucial to effective interventions.