Temporal assessment of pancreatic blood flow and perfusion following secretin stimulation using noninvasive MRI.

Purpose: To dynamically quantify pancreatic perfusion and flow within the arteries supplying the pancreas in response to secretin stimulation.

Materials And Methods: Twelve healthy male subjects were scanned at 1.5T with arterial spin labeling to measure tissue perfusion and phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure vessel flow.

Multiple vascular and enteric fistulas into an anal pouch.

We present a case of an 87-year-old female who presented 3 months following an emergency Hartmann's procedure for perforated diverticulum with per rectum bleed. She was found to have a false aneurysm in the iliac artery communicating with her rectal stump. This was treated successfully with intravascular coiling; however, she re-presented 2 years later complaining of passing stool per rectum and decreased colostomy output.

c-MYC is a radiosensitive locus in human breast cells.

Ionising radiation is a potent human carcinogen. Epidemiological studies have shown that adolescent and young women are at increased risk of developing breast cancer following exposure to ionising radiation compared with older women, and that risk is dose-dependent. Although it is well understood which individuals are at risk of radiation-induced breast carcinogenesis, the molecular genetic mechanisms that underlie cell transformation are less clear.

The REFORM study protocol: a cohort randomised controlled trial of a multifaceted podiatry intervention for the prevention of falls in older people.

Introduction: Falls and fall-related injuries are a serious cause of morbidity and cost to society. Foot problems and inappropriate footwear may increase the risk of falls; therefore podiatric interventions may play a role in reducing falls. Two Cochrane systematic reviews identified only one study of a podiatry intervention aimed to reduce falls, which was undertaken in Australia.

Accuracy and early outcomes in medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty performed using patient specific instrumentation.

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a technically demanding procedure and poor implant positioning has been identified as a factor in early failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and clinical outcomes of the patient specific instrumentation implementation technique with a fixed bearing UKA. We carried out a prospective study of 41 patients (44 procedures) between December 2011 and April 2013.

Hepatocellular carcinoma in variegate porphyria: a case report and literature review.

Variegate porphyria is an autosomal dominant acute hepatic porphyria characterized by photosensitivity and acute neurovisceral attacks. Hepatocellular carcinoma has been described as a potential complication of variegate porphyria in case reports. We report a case of a 48-year-old woman who was diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma following a brief history of right upper quadrant pain which was preceded by a few months of blistering lesions in sun-exposed areas.

Sore eyes and psychosis.

We present the case of a 30-year-old woman who presented with sexual disinhibition and altered behaviour following an episode of optic neuritis. Her only history was of anxiety disorder. Her differential diagnosis was neurological versus psychiatric.

Olfactory hallucination in childhood primary headaches: case series.

Background: Although olfactory hallucination (OH) has been reported in patients with primary headaches, olfactory aura has not been recognised by the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-2). In this study, we examined the frequency and characteristics of OH among children and adolescents with primary headaches.

Methods: 839 neurologically normal patients with primary headaches (537 migraine) were eligible for the assessment of olfactory hallucination.

Probing linker design in citric acid-ciprofloxacin conjugates.

A series of structurally related citric acid-ciprofloxacin conjugates was synthesised to investigate the influence of the linker between citric acid and ciprofloxacin on antibacterial activities. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined against a panel of reference strains and clinical isolates of bacteria associated with infection in humans and correlated with the DNA gyrase inhibitory activity. The observed trend was rationalised by computational modelling.

Analytical and clinical challenges in a patient with concurrent type 1 diabetes, subcutaneous insulin resistance and insulin autoimmune syndrome.

Unlabelled: A lean 15-year-old girl was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes based on symptomatic hyperglycaemia and positive anti-islet cell antibodies. Glycaemia was initially stabilised on twice-daily mixed insulin. After 11 months from the time of diagnosis, she complained of hyperglycaemia and ketosis alternating with hypoglycaemia.

Moving the injectable methotrexate service closer to home: a practice development initiative.

Objective: The aim of this practice development project was to make it quicker and easier for patients to switch to subcutaneous (s/c) methotrexate and thereby introduce a nurse-led methotrexate clinic into a district general hospital, which would make the best use of the advanced knowledge and skills of the rheumatology specialist nurses; empower patients and improve their experience; and introduce cost savings for the Trust.

Methods: Over a period of four months, meetings were held with pharmacists, clinicians, administrative and support staff to formulate a plan to introduce the changes and agree the benefits to patients. A detailed plan for the practice development project addressed the procedures to follow, the safety issues for patients and the revision of current documentation.

Emerging therapies in rosacea.

Rosacea is a common skin disorder with multiple symptoms. The emergence of research that furthers understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms has created new targets for disease treatment. Specifically, there is a need for new treatments that address the various erythematic symptoms associated with rosacea.

A comparison of the functional difficulties in staged and simultaneous open carpal tunnel decompression.

There is no agreement about whether patients with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome should undergo staged or simultaneous open decompression. The purpose of this study was to quantify and compare the functional difficulties during the recovery from surgery for patients undergoing staged or simultaneous decompressions. Sixty-three patients had surgery; 33 had staged decompression (Group 1) and 30 simultaneous decompressions (Group 2).

Heterotopic pregnancy: should we instrument the uterus at laparoscopy for ectopic pregnancy.

The coexistence of intrauterine and ectopic pregnancy (heterotopic pregnancy) occurs in 1/30,000 of spontaneous pregnancies. However, it is getting more common at 1/900 in clomiphene citrate-induced pregnancies and rises to 1% in assisted reproduction. It is a potentially life-threatening condition with diagnostic and therapeutic complexities.

Missed sclera buckle as a cause of recurrent conjunctivitis.

A 63-year-old woman was referred to the eye clinic with a 2-year history of unresolving right eye discomfort, irritation and recurrent conjunctivitis, managed by her general practitioner, where frequent use of topical antibiotics and ocular lubricants provided little and transient relief. The right eye was blind following a complicated retinal detachment surgery 30 years ago. Examination revealed an extruding silicone sponge scleral buckle from a previous retinal detachment surgery in the superior conjunctival fornix, under the right upper lid.

A minor lid laceration concealing a potentially life-threatening injury.

A 29-year-man presented with an injury to his left upper lid, having stumbled onto the tip of a pool cue. He presented with minimal signs and symptoms, initially thought as a minor lid laceration and was managed with lid suturing. Two months later, he presented with vertical diplopia on upward gaze and showed a picture consistent with traumatic Brown's syndrome.

Estimation of stature from static and dynamic footprints.

The ability to estimate accurately from known parameters is a fundamental aspect of science and is evident as an emerging approach in the area of footprints and stature estimation within the field of forensic identification. There are numerous foot dimensions that have been measured in the literature to predict stature with varying degrees of confidence but few studies have tried to link the strength of estimation to anatomical landmarks. Such an approach is utilised in this study which estimates stature from the right footprints of sixty one adult male and female UK participants.

Perioperative management of clopidogrel therapy: the effects on in-hospital cardiac morbidity in older patients with hip fractures.

Background: Increasing numbers of older patients prescribed clopidogrel are presenting for urgent hip fracture surgery. Best practice for the management of clopidogrel therapy is unknown, although delays to surgery are associated with increased mortality. We investigated the influence of perioperative management of clopidogrel therapy on in-hospital cardiac morbidity and transfusion in this population.

Reliability of a two-dimensional footprint measurement approach.

Although footprint evidence can be taken from the scene of a crime, the science underpinning such measurement in forensic science has not been fully explored. A literature search revealed various measuring approaches, all of which demonstrated either little or no measurement rigour in terms of reliability. The aim of this study was to apply a robust measurement approach for testing the reliability of two-dimensional footprint impressions.

Radiotherapy in localized bladder cancer: what is the evidence?

Purpose Of Review: Bladder-sparing bladder treatments have recently been rejuvenated with the introduction of concomitant chemotherapy usually as part of multimodality therapy including endoscopic resection and radiotherapy. This article reviews recent evidence for the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of localized bladder cancer.

Recent Findings: Several single institution series of multimodality radiochemotherapy have shown consistently fair disease-specific survival and local control in those who show a complete response after endoscopic resection.

Treating acne vulgaris: systemic, local and combination therapy.

Optimizing the management of acne vulgaris corresponds with improved outcomes, reduced scarring and a positive influence on the profound psychosocial disability that frequently accompanies this debilitating skin condition. Many effective, cost-effective therapies are widely available, but significant improvement or clearance can only be achieved if these agents are employed with a logical approach. Patient variability makes the definition of optimum treatment strategies difficult, but with due consideration of the pathological mechanisms driving acne in each individual patient, an appropriate combination of topical, systemic and localized therapies can be prescribed that will yield a favorable outcome.

Over-the-counter kaolin and morphine: two hazards in one.

A 56-year-old woman, who was admitted with hypokalaemia, hypertension and metabolic alkalosis, was found to be dependent on kaolin and morphine, a common agent used for the treatment of diarrhoea. This case report highlights the problems of an over-the-counter (OTC) medicine such as kaolin and morphine when it can be purchased in large quantities.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a formidable and ever-present adversary.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a versatile pathogen associated with a broad spectrum of infections in humans. In healthcare settings the bacterium is an important cause of infection in vulnerable individuals including those with burns or neutropenia or receiving intensive care. In these groups morbidity and mortality attributable to P.

Case report: Rhodococcus erythropolis osteomyelitis in the toe.

The Rhodococcus species rarely cause musculoskeletal infections, with only two cases reported in the literature. We report the case of a 53-year-old woman who had an infection develop after first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion. A year after surgery, she continued to have pain and swelling with nonunion.

Liver fibrosis in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis on long-term, high cumulative dose methotrexate therapy.

Objectives: Dermatologists and rheumatologists have differed in their use of serial liver biopsy and liver function tests (LFT) to monitor the risk of hepatic fibrosis in long-term MTX therapy. It is judged safe to monitor LFT only in RA. Whilst there are few studies in PsA to justify this approach, it is widely used in rheumatology practice.