Traumatic lumbosacral instability: part 1 - proposing a definition and identifying underlying injury patterns.

Traumatic lumbosacral instability (TLSI) generally refers to a traumatic disruption of the lumbopelvic junction. The ambiguous use of this term has contributed to confusion and limited understanding of injuries that can impact lumbosacral stability. As of now, TLSI lacks a clear definition, and the underlying injury patterns remain inadequately characterized.

Clinical significance of toxin EIA positivity in patients with suspected infection: systematic review and meta-analysis.

The laboratory diagnosis of infection (CDI) is controversial. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) and toxin enzyme immunoassays (EIA) are most widely used, often in combination. However, the interpretation of a positive NAAT and negative toxin immunoassay (NAAT+/EIA-) is uncertain.

Caring for Patients Experiencing Incarceration: Development of an Online Learning Resource for Physicians in Training.

Many patients experiencing incarceration (PEI) in the United States (U.S.) have significant and complex medical conditions that require offsite consultation and hospitalization.

FUNCTIONAL IMMUNOPHENOTYPING FOR PRECISION THERAPIES IN SEPSIS.

Sepsis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although many more patients are surviving the acute event, a substantial number enters a state of persistent inflammation and immunosuppression, rendering them more vulnerable to infections. Modulating the host immune response has been a focus of sepsis research for the past 50 years, yet novel therapies have been few and far between.

Lung parenchymal and pleural findings on computed tomography after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Introduction: Lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are common after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), but the imaging characteristics of lung parenchymal and pleural abnormalities in these patients have not been well-characterized. We aimed to describe the incidence of lung parenchymal and pleural findings among patients who had return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and who underwent computed tomography (CT) of the chest after OHCA.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at two academic hospitals from 2014 to 2019.

Enteral Resuscitation: A Field-Expedient Treatment Strategy for Burn Shock during Wartime and in Other Austere Settings.

Burn injuries are a constant threat in war. Aspects of the modern battlefield increase the risk of burn injuries and pose challenges for early treatment. The initial resuscitation of a severely burn-injured patient often exceeds the resources available in front-line medical facilities.

Student concussion symptoms and tailored accommodations during use of a return to learn program in 13 public high schools.

Background: Youth concussion is common but there is a paucity of information on symptoms students report to school personnel and a gap in understanding what accommodations schools can provide.

Objective: To examine symptoms and provision of temporary accommodations in schools for students reporting concussion symptoms.

Design: Secondary data analysis of a trial implementing an evidence-based student-centered return to learn (RTL) program.

Guideline concordance of electronic health record order sets for hospital-based treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

Background: Treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) in hospitals is inconsistent. Electronic health record (EHR) order sets protocolize care.

Objective: We examined variation in AWS order sets across hospital organizations and their concordance with AWS guidelines.

Recognizing asymptomatic bacteriuria in the surveillance of catheter-associated urinary tract infections-beyond fever and positive urine culture.

Among 143 cases of National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), 40% were considered catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria (CA-ASB), and 18% clinical CAUTI. An alternative source of fever was present in 70% of CA-ASB. NHSN CAUTI may not be an effective metric for tracking hospital-level infection prevention efforts.

Long-Term Outcomes After Severe Acute Brain Injury Requiring Mechanical Ventilation: Recovery Trajectories Among Patients and Mental Health Symptoms of Their Surrogate Decision Makers.

Background: Long-term outcomes of patients with severe acute brain injury (SABI) and their surrogate decision makers (SDMs) are insufficiently explored.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center, observational study of patients with SABI who required mechanical ventilation between September and November 2021. Two telephonic interviews were conducted at 6-12 months and 18-24 months post SABI.

Hand Burn Injuries and Occupational Impairment: A Study on the Impact of Burn Injuries on Return-to-Work Outcomes from the Burn Model System research program.

Return to work (RTW) after burn injury is dependent on many variables, including type and location of burn injury, access to care, and pre-injury mental and physical health. Noting that prior studies were limited by small sample sizes, we aimed to use a large database to explore the associations between hand burn severity, functional hand outcomes, and RTW post-injury. Data from a multicenter longitudinal study were analyzed.

Hypotension and Adverse Outcomes in Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Hypotension in patients with TBI is associated with poorer outcomes. A comprehensive review examining adverse outcomes of hypotension in patients with TBI is needed.

Association between community distress and return to work after burn injury.

Introduction: Community-level disadvantage is associated with reduced quality of life after burn injury. We evaluated the association between community-level disadvantage and return to work after burn injury.

Methods: A multicenter burn injury database was queried from 1998-2021.

Exploring interaction effects of social determinants of health with hospital admission type on academic performance: a data linkage study.

Objective: To investigate the moderating effects of socio-demographic social determinants of health (SDH) in the relationship between types of childhood hospitalisation (ie, none, injury, non-injury, injury+non-injury) and academic performance.

Design, Setting And Patients: Children residing in Wales 2009-2016 (N=369 310). Secure Anonymised Information Linkage databank linked Tagged Electronic Cohort Cymru (five data sources) from the Wales Electronic Cohort for Children.

A Bundle of the "Top 10" Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy Publications in 2023.

Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) has become more common in infectious diseases practice settings. Similarly, OPAT-related publications have also increased. The objective of this article was to summarize clinically important OPAT-related publications from 2023.

A Winding Road to Health Care Equity in Sickle Cell Disease.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder where red blood cells sickle, causing anemia and pain. Historically linked to marginalized groups, SCD saw little progress in treatment strategies for decades. Addressing these requires holistic strategies including dedicated centers, education, patient inclusion, and tackling implicit bias.

History, Advances, and Challenges of Sickle Cell Disease Treatment.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is marked by red blood cells that deform into a sickle shape, causing severe health complications. Historic neglect and slow therapeutic progress have left many, especially African descendants, vulnerable. Recent treatment strides include novel drugs and gene therapy, promising improved management.

A Study of Parent-Reported Internalizing Symptoms in Transgender Youth Before and After Childhood Social Transitions.

Some children socially transition genders by changing their pronouns (and often names, hairstyles, clothing) from those associated with their assigned sex at birth to those associated with their gender identity. We refer to children who have socially transitioned as transgender children. In a prospective sample of children who socially transitioned during childhood (at or before the age of 12; = 6.

Surviving septic patients endotyped with a functional assay demonstrate active immune responses.

Introduction: Sepsis is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by a heterogenous host immune response. Historically, static protein and transcriptomic metrics have been employed to describe the underlying biology. Here, we tested the hypothesis that functional TNF expression as well as an immunologic endotype based on both IFNγ and TNF expression could be used to model clinical outcomes in sepsis patients.