Antimicrobial Biosynthetic Potential and Phylogenetic Analysis of Culturable Bacteria Associated with the Sponge sp. from the Yellow Sea, China.

Sponge-derived bacteria are considered to be a promising source of novel drugs, owing to their abundant secondary metabolites that have diverse biological activities. In this study, we explored the antimicrobial biosynthetic potential and phylogenetics of culturable bacteria associated with the sponge sp. from the Yellow Sea, China.

Residual Stress Redistribution Analysis in the Repair Welding of AA6082-T6 Aluminum Alloy Joints: Experiment and Simulation.

Residual stress has a three-dimensional scale effect (length, depth, and width) in the process of repair welding, which has a detrimental impact on the service of the aluminum alloy welded structures in high-speed trains. This paper aims to systematically analyze the effects of the repair welding dimension on the residual stress redistribution and obtain the optimal repair welding principles. A combination of blind-hole drilling method and stress linearization in BS7910 was adopted to investigate residual stress redistribution under various repair welding dimensions.

Easy detection of Prorocentrum donghaiense by polymerase chain reaction-nucleic acid chromatography strip.

In recent years, Prorocentrum donghaiense, as a dominant species, has ranked first in terms of cumulative number and area of algal blooms in the East China Sea. In this study, the D1-D2 region of the large ribosomal subunit of P. donghaiense was used as the target gene, and specific primers DH-FP/DH-RP were designed according to the species-specific region of the target gene.

Strong Anisotropic Optical Properties by Rolling up MoS Nanoflake.

Although anisotropic two-dimensional materials have attracted great scientific interest, the anisotropy of those materials is limited to particular crystallographic directions. Herein, with dimension confining, MoS nanoscrolls are successfully fabricated by a rolling-up process after dropping an ethanol-water solution on a chemical vapor deposition-grown MoS monolayer. The anisotropic vibrational and optical properties are systematically studied by angle-resolved polarized spectroscopy, including Raman, photoluminescence, and reflection measurements.

Femtosecond laser direct writing of a 3D microcantilever on the tip of an optical fiber sensor for on-chip optofluidic sensing.

Real-time detection of the concentration of input fluid is essential for optofluidic sensing, especially in the case of biochips and organ-on-a-chip systems. In this paper, a microcantilever structure that enables temperature and liquid concentration sensing was fabricated on the tip of the optical fiber by femtosecond laser direct writing (two-photon polymerization, TPP) technology. An open Fabry-Pérot interferometer (F-P) structure was formed between the end of the optical fiber and the cantilever, so the sensor becomes quite sensitive to the localized temperature, concentration and refractive index of the target liquids.

A brand new two-phase wet oxidation absorption system for the simultaneous removal of SO and NO from simulated marine exhaust gas.

Marine engine exhaust emissions are increasingly harmful to the natural environment and human health and must be controlled. A self-synthesized amide (BAD, CHNO) in the laboratory shows a strong absorption capacity of nitric acid and nitrous acid, which may solve the problem that only using chlorine-based oxidant as an absorbent cannot completely absorb or retain NO produced by NO oxidation in previous studies. Based on Multiwfn and VMD (Visual Molecular Dynamics) program calculation, the formation mechanism of hydrogen bonds between BAD with nitric acid and nitrous acid was revealed by electrostatic potential (ESP) analysis and further confirmed by FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) spectra research.

Indoor MIMO-VLC Using Angle Diversity Transmitters.

In this paper, we, for the first time, apply angle diversity transmitters (ADTs) to enhance the performance of multiple-input multiple-output visible light communication (MIMO-VLC) systems. The ADT is designed to consist of one center light emitting diode (LED) and multiple inclined side LEDs. We calculate the line-of-sight (LOS) channel gain of the MIMO-VLC system using ADTs and further derive the average achievable rate of the system.

Adsorption behaviors of triclosan by non-biodegradable and biodegradable microplastics: Kinetics and mechanism.

Microplastics (MPs) pollution has been becoming serious and widespread in the global environment. Although MPs have been identified as vectors for contaminants, adsorption and desorption behaviors of chemicals with non-biodegradable and biodegradable MPs during the aging process is limited. In this work, the adsorption behaviors of triclosan (TCS) by non-biodegradable polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), and biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) were investigated.

Sea spray aerosols intervening phospholipids ozonolysis at the air-water interface.

With more than half of the world's population lives along the coast and in its vicinity, the sea spray aerosols (SSAs) with respect to respiratory system impact has attracted increasing attention. In this paper, ozonolysis of model lung phospholipids intervened by salt cations in SSAs at air-water interface was investigated using acoustic levitation-nano-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (AL-nano-ESI-MS). The cation species facilitated the interfacial ozonolysis of phospholipids, and this increased ozonolysis showed a dependence on the concentration of salt cations.

A novel three-dimensional flow-through graphite felt-matrix cathode for in-situ hydrogen peroxide generation in multi-environment systems-Multiphysics modeling for in-situ hydrogen peroxide generation.

In order to achieve in-situ HO generation in multi-environment systems, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and modified carbon nitride (t-g-CN) are co-doped onto graphite felt-matrix (GF-matrix) by electrodeposition to develop a novel cathode electrode. By means of 3D-X-ray CT, High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer (XPS), Raman and Electrochemical Workstation, microscopic physical-chemical properties of materials are researched to optimize the electrode structure. Results show that the optimal electrode presents over HO production rate of 2000 mgL·h, and as high as current efficiency of 93% to 98% in simulated freshwater (50 mM NaSO, pH = 1-12) at 20 mAcm.

Software reliability model of open source software based on the decreasing trend of fault introduction.

Open source software (OSS) has become one of the modern software development methods. OSS is mainly developed by developers, volunteers, and users all over the world, but its reliability has been widely questioned. When OSS faults are detected, volunteers or users send them to developers by email or network.

Impacts of bio-carriers on the characteristics of cake layer and membrane fouling in a novel hybrid membrane bioreactor for treating mariculture wastewater.

Membrane fouling is generally considered as a major bottleneck to the wide application of membrane bioreactor (MBR) for high saline mariculture wastewater treatment. Though numerous researches have investigated the membrane fouling of MBR combined with bio-carriers, few studies reveal the impacts of bio-carriers on the characteristics of cake layer and the mechanism of bio-carriers alleviating membrane fouling. In this study, two systems, namely carriers-enhanced MBR (R1) and conventional MBR (R2) were parallel operated, drawing a conclusion that bio-carriers effectively improved the characteristics of cake layer, thus mitigating membrane fouling.

Probing autoxidation of oleic acid at air-water interface: A neglected and significant pathway for secondary organic aerosols formation.

Fatty acids have been proposed to be a potential source of precursors for SOAs, but the autoxidation process was neglected in the oxidation studies. Here, the autoxidation of oleic acid was explored using microdroplet mass spectrometry. Bulk solution, concentration and solvent composition experiments provided direct evidences for that the autoxidation occurred at or near the air-water interface.

Ultrabright silicon nanoparticle fluorescence probe for sensitive detection of cholesterol in human serum.

A highly sensitive fluorescence-based assay for cholesterol detection was developed using water-dispersible green-emitting silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) as a fluorescence indicator and enzyme-catalyzed oxidation product PPDox (Bandrowski's base) as a quencher. The SiNPs were facilely synthesized via a simple, one-step hydrothermal treatment using 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]propyl-trimethoxysilane (AEEA) as the silicon source, which has ultrahigh quantum yield and low phototoxicity. Under the catalysis of cholesterol oxidase (ChOx), hydrogen peroxide (HO) was generated as a result of cholesterol oxidation.

Optimized hot electron injection from Cu nanoparticles to S-doped CN by the formed S-Cu bonds for an enhanced photocatalytic performance.

Low-cost and high-abundance Cu nanostructures are potential near-infrared (NIR) surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) photosensitizers for carbon nitride (CN) photocatalysts, but their low activity and stability need to be improved. In this article, doping S into CN (S-CN) creates anchoring sites for photo-deposited Cu nanoparticles (NPs), and the spontaneous construction of S-Cu bonds is realized between S-CN and Cu NPs. The optimal hydrogen evolution rate of 1.

Magnetically separable Fe-base deposited on different carbon sources for ultrasound/persulfate-like heterogeneous activation: Optimized synthesis and field driving process.

The eco-friendly composite materials, micro-nano Fe-base/glucose-derived hydro-chars (Fe/HCs), were prepared, whose magnetic separation can be achieved in both preparation and water treatment stages. The performances of Fe/HCs after N heat-treatment to activate persulfate, chlorite, hydrogen peroxide, etc., in ultrasound field, obtained great improvement by extracting "O".

High-performance, self-powered flexible MoS photodetectors with asymmetric van der Waals gaps.

With an urgent demand for low-energy-consumption and wearable devices, it is desirable to find an easy, effective, and low-cost method to fabricate self-powered flexible photodetectors with simple configurations and high-performance. Self-powered photodetectors are normally fabricated based on either two different materials or the same material in contact with two different metal electrodes. Here, a flexible MoS photodetector with the same Au electrodes was fabricated on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate which exhibits self-powered properties.

Double-Pulse Ultrasonic Welding of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polyamide 66 Composite.

Ultrasonic welding of thermoplastics is widely applied in automobile and aerospace industries. Increasing the weld area and avoiding thermal decomposition are contradictory factors in improving strength of ultrasonically welded polymers. In this study, relations among the loss modulus of carbon-fiber-reinforced polyamide 66 composite (CF/PA 66), time for obtaining stable weld area, and time for CF/PA 66 decomposition are investigated systematically.

Aggregation-Dependent Dielectric Permittivity in 2D Molecular Crystals.

The functionality of 2D molecular crystal-based devices crucially depends on their intrinsic properties, such as molecular energy levels, light absorption efficiency, and dielectric permittivity, which are highly sensitive to molecular aggregation. Here, it is demonstrated that the dielectric permittivity of the 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (C -BTBT) molecular crystals on monolayer WS substrates can be tuned from 4.62 in the wetting layer to 2.

Rapid detection of by PCR combined with dot lateral flow strip.

Unlabelled: In this study a novel technique referred to as PCR combined with dot lateral flow strip (PCDS) is proposed and its application to the detection of harmful microalgae was explored. For this purpose, using as a test algal species, PCR targeting the D1-D2 region of large subunit ribosomal gene of this alga was performed with the tagged specific primers. The amplicons were then analyzed with the manually prepared dot lateral flow strip, and the strip could produce a test dot and a control dot that are naked-eye detectable, indicating the successful establishment of PCDS.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosis of Craniopharyngioma.

Craniopharyngioma is a congenital brain tumor with clinical characteristics of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, increased intracranial pressure, and visual field disorder, among other injuries. Its clinical diagnosis mainly depends on radiological examinations (such as Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging). However, assessing numerous radiological images manually is a challenging task, and the experience of doctors has a great influence on the diagnosis result.

Raman spectroscopy studies of black phosphorus.

Black phosphorus has important applications in many fields such as optics, optoelectronics and thermals. Many of its excellent properties are related to its special anisotropy. In this work, we adopted Raman spectroscopy, which can obtain fast response optical signals without destroying the structure of the sample, to identify its crystal orientation and explore its thermal and SERS properties.

Numerical analysis, experimental verification and criterion establishment of non-magnetic microwave absorbing material.

Non-magnetic materials show a great potentiality in microwave absorption with the advantages of low-density, wideband, and thin thickness. Even so, it is still difficult to accurately analyze the connection between performance and parameters. To reveal what electromagnetic parameters could lead to excellent absorbing performance, we simplify and derive the formulae based on Transmission-Reflection-Line theory (TRL) and computer programs.

Aqueous-Microdroplet-Driven Abiotic Synthesis of Ribonucleotides.

Phosphorylation for ribonucleotide formation is a critical step in the origin of life but has had limited success due to the thermodynamic and kinetic constraints in aqueous media. Here, we report that the production of ribonucleotides from ribonucleosides in the presence of monopotassium phosphate (KHPO) spontaneously proceeded in aqueous microdroplets under ambient conditions and without using a catalyst. A full set of ribonucleotides including adenosine monophosphate (AMP), guanosine monophosphate (GMP), uridine monophosphate (UMP), and cytidine monophosphate (CMP) were generated on the scale of a few milliseconds.