Medication non-adherence and associated factors among peoples with schizophrenia: multicenter cross-sectional study in Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Schizophrenia is a serious and debilitating psychiatric disorder that is linked to marked social and occupational impairment. Despite the vital relevance of medication, non-adherence with recommended pharmacological treatments has been identified as a worldwide problem and is perhaps the most difficult component of treating schizophrenia. There are limited studies conducted on magnitude and potential factors of medication non-adherence among peoples with schizophrenia in Ethiopia.

Extensive inflammatory adhesion of small bowel with massive Pneumatosis Intestinalis in a patient with gastric outlet obstruction: A rare case report.

Introduction: Pneumatosis Intestinalis (PI) is a rare disease, majority of which are self-limited processes, in which the intestinal sub mucosa and sub serosa are filled with gas-filled cysts. The exact cause and pathogenesis is not well known yet but there are different theories. The two well accepted fundamental pathogenesis is: mechanical and bacterial.

Comparison of erythrocyte sedimentation rate measurement between Westergren method and automated method among patients attending Jigjiga University Sheik Hassen Yabare Referral Hospital, Jigjiga, Ethiopia.

Introduction: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a widely used screening test in clinical practice as an indicator of inflammatory and degenerative malignant diseases. The Westergren method, renowned as the gold standard, is valued for its accuracy and cost-effectiveness but demands considerable time and blood volume. Emerging automated methods offer quicker and more convenient alternatives, aiming to replace manual techniques.

Measles second dose vaccine uptake and associated factors among under-five children in Jigjiga City, Somali Region, Eastern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Measles is one of the leading causes of under-five mortality and morbidity worldwide. Although the routine service for the second dose of the measles-containing vaccine (MCV2) was introduced in Ethiopia recently, there is a paucity of evidence regarding its coverage and the factors that hinder its uptake at both the local and national levels. Thus, this study aimed to assess the uptake of MCV2 and its associated factors among children aged between 15 and 36 months old in Jigjiga City, Somali Region, Ethiopia.

Determinants of preeclampsia among women who gave birth at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia: a case-control study.

Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are the second leading causes of maternal mortality and morbidity. It also results in high perinatal mortality and morbidity. Since eclampsia is preceded by preeclampsia and shows the progression of the disease, they share the same pathogenesis and determining factors.

The impact of chewing khat during pregnancy on selected pregnancy outcomes in eastern Ethiopia: A cohort study with a generalized structural equation modeling analysis approach.

Introduction: Little is known about the fetal and pregnancy effects of khat chewing during pregnancy. The aim of the current study was to determine the impact of chewing khat during pregnancy on selected pregnancy outcomes in Ethiopia, 2022: A Cohort Study with a Generalized Structural Equation Modeling Analysis Approach.

Methods: An institution-based prospective cohort study was employed in selected hospitals in eastern Ethiopia.

Pesticide water pollution, human health risks, and regulatory evaluation: A nationwide analysis in Ethiopia.

Despite the growing concerns about pesticide pollution, a comprehensive global understanding continues to be hampered by a lack of data from less developed countries. Ethiopia, being a typical agricultural country, is one of the top consumers of pesticides in sub-Saharan Africa. This study conducted a nationwide analysis to assess pesticide water pollution and human health risks in Ethiopia based on the available data.

Interpretable prediction of acute respiratory infection disease among under-five children in Ethiopia using ensemble machine learning and Shapley additive explanations (SHAP).

Background: Although the prevalence of childhood illnesses has significantly decreased, acute respiratory infections continue to be the leading cause of death and disease among children in low- and middle-income countries. Seven percent of children under five experienced symptoms in the two weeks preceding the Ethiopian demographic and health survey. Hence, this study aimed to identify interpretable predicting factors of acute respiratory infection disease among under-five children in Ethiopia using machine learning analysis techniques.

Growth response of post weaned F1 Friesian × Borena (Bos taurus × Bos indicus) crossbred growing heifers fed on wheat straw-based densified complete feed block.

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of feeding wheat-straw based densified complete feed block (DCFB) on daily weight gain, feed intake, digestibility and feed conversion rate in growing heifer calves. Eight weaned F1 Frisian*Borena (Bos taurus × Bos indicus) crossbred calves (92.5 ± 27.

Rate of Polypharmacy and Its Determinants Among Older Adult Cardiovascular Patients at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Eastern Ethiopia.

Background: Understanding the rate of polypharmacy in cardiovascular patients is crucial because of its increasing occurrence and its association with potentially inappropriate prescribing practices and negative health outcomes, particularly among elderly individuals with cardiovascular conditions. According to the best of the literature search knowledge, the magnitude of polypharmacy and associated factors were not known among older cardiovascular patients in eastern Ethiopia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the rate of polypharmacy and its determinants among older adult cardiovascular patients at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in eastern Ethiopia.

In-hospital mortality and associated factors among patients admitted with venous thromboembolism at selected public hospitals of Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia.

Background: Venous thromboembolism is the third most common cause of cardiovascular death and is responsible for more than 3 million deaths annually worldwide. Despite high rates of morbidity and mortality associated with venous thromboembolism, limited studies have been conducted on in-hospital mortality and its associated factors in Ethiopia, particularly in study settings.

Objective: To assess in-hospital mortality and associated factors among patients admitted with venous thromboembolism at selected public hospitals of Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia, from 10 March 2018 to 8 March 2022.

Determinants of the adoption of climate smart agriculture practices by smallholder wheat farmers in northwestern Ethiopia.

Frequent climate variability and change had the strongest direct influences on the availability and accessibility of food through reducing agricultural productivity and cropping patterns. Despite the Ethiopian government having made substantial efforts to boost production and productivity through the introduction of Climate Smart Agriculture Practices (CSAPs), the implementation of these practices by smallholder wheat farmers has remained low. This study, therefore, tried to investigate the determinants of the adoption of CSAPs in Northwestern Ethiopia.

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Eastern Ethiopia: Clinical characteristics and determinants of cirrhosis.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection is a major cause of liver-associated morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-income countries. A better understanding of the epidemiological, clinical, and virological characteristics of CHB will guide appropriate treatment strategies and improve the control and management of CHB in Ethiopia.

Aim: To investigate the characteristics of CHB in Eastern Ethiopia and assess the efficacy and safety of antiviral treatment.

Effect of male partners' involvement and support on reproductive, maternal and child health and well-being in East Africa: A scoping review.

Background And Aims: East African countries have high rates of maternal and child mortality and morbidity. Studies have shown that the involvement of male partners in reproductive health can benefit maternal and child health (MCH). This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the evidence across East Africa that describes male partner involvement and its effect on maternal, reproductive, and child well-being.

Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Staphylococcus species isolated from raw cow milk, and swabs in smallholder dairy farms in Meta district, Eastern Ethiopia.

Background: The safety of milk production in terms of foodborne infections is a worldwide issue, particularly in developing countries where production is often unhygienic. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to August 2019 in the Meta District of Eastern Hararghe Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. We aim to assess milk hygiene practices among smallholder dairy farmers, estimate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in raw cow milk and swabs, assess associated risk factors, and the antimicrobial susceptibility test of S.

Inappropriate antibiotic access practices at the community level in Eastern Ethiopia.

Access to antibiotic medications is critical to achieving the Sustainable Development Goal for good health and well-being. However, non-prescribed and informal sources are implicated as the most common causes of inappropriate antibiotic access practices, resulting in untargeted therapy, which leads to antibiotic resistance. Hence, knowing antibiotic access practices at the community level is essential to target misuse sources.

Effects of short inter-pregnancy/birth interval on adverse perinatal outcomes in Asia-Pacific region: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Short inter-pregnancy or birth interval is associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. However, some emerging evidence questions this association and there are also inconsistencies among the existing findings. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence regarding the effect of short inter-pregnancy or birth intervals on adverse perinatal outcomes in the Asia-Pacific region.

Comparison of causes of stillbirth and child deaths as determined by verbal autopsy and minimally invasive tissue sampling.

In resource-limited settings where vital registration and medical death certificates are unavailable or incomplete, verbal autopsy (VA) is often used to attribute causes of death (CoD) and prioritize resource allocation and interventions. We aimed to determine the CoD concordance between InterVA and CHAMPS's method. The causes of death (CoDs) of children <5 were determined by two methods using data from seven low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) enrolled in the Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) network.

Workplace gender-based violence among female staff in public higher education institutions in eastern Ethiopia: Institution-based cross-sectional study.

Despite the global and local efforts, gender-based violence at workplaces has remained a major public health challenge and pervasive human rights violation worldwide. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of research evidence on gender-based violence in higher educational institutions (HEIs). The main aim of this study was to assess workplace gender-based violence and its associated factors among female staff in public HEIs in eastern Ethiopia.

Field pea leaf disease classification using a deep learning approach.

Field peas are grown by smallholder farmers in Ethiopia for food, fodder, income, and soil fertility. However, leaf diseases such as ascochyta blight, powdery mildew, and leaf spots affect the quantity and quality of this crop as well as crop growth. Experts use visual observation to detect field pea disease.

Current and future burden of Ross River virus infection attributable to increasing temperature in Australia: a population-based study.

Background: Ross River virus (RRV), Australia's most notifiable vector-borne disease transmitted through mosquito bites, has seen increased transmission due to rising temperatures. Quantifying the burden of RRV infection attributable to increasing temperatures (both current and future) is pivotal to inform prevention strategies in the context of climate change.

Methods: As RRV-related deaths are rare in Australia, we utilised years lived with disability (YLDs) associated with RRV infection data from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) Burden of Disease database between 2003 and 2018.

Prevalence of wasting and associated factors among children aged 6-59 months in Habro district, Eastern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Globally, five million children under the age of five died in 2021. Asia and African countries contributed to 69% and 27.2% of wasting, respectively.

Mixed-methods approach in evaluating safe abortion care services at public health facilities in North Shewa zone, central Ethiopia: a multicenter institutional cross-sectional study.

Background: Of the 55.7 million abortions that were performed globally, 25.1 million (45.

Burden, causes, and risk factors of perinatal mortality in Eastern Africa: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Although global mortality rates in children under 5 years have decreased substantially in the last 30 years, there remain around 2.6 million stillbirths and 2.9 million neonatal deaths each year.