* A multi-functional separator made from biomass-derived activated carbon (BAC) and a ceramic layer was developed to improve LSB performance by reducing LiPS dissolution and enhancing lithium diffusion.
* Tests showed that LSB cells with the new separator achieved a discharge capacity of 1092.5 mA h g, surpassing conventional polyethylene separators, while also effectively preventing lithium dendrite formation during cycling, marking a step towards sustainable energy solutions.