Chronic high-fat diet induces overeating and impairs synaptic transmission in feeding-related brain regions.

Obesity is linked to overeating, which can exacerbate unhealthy weight gain. However, the mechanisms for mediating such linkages are elusive. In the current study, we hypothesized that synaptic remodeling occurs in feeding-related brain regions of obese mice.

Gray matter volume alterations in subjects with overweight and obesity: Evidence from a voxel-based meta-analysis.

Background: Obesity is a multi-systemic disease with complex etiology. And consistent evidence indicated obesity or overweight subjects render brain structure changes. Increasing evidence indicates these subjects have shown widespread structural brain gray matter volume (GMV) changes.

TNF-α, IL-6 and hsCRP in patients with melancholic, atypical and anxious depression: an antibody array analysis related to somatic symptoms.

Background: The association between inflammation and major depressive disorder (MDD) remains poorly understood, given the heterogeneity of patients with MDD.

Aims: We investigated inflammatory markers, such as interleukin (IL)-6, high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in melancholic, atypical and anxious depression and explored whether baseline inflammatory protein levels could indicate prognosis.

Methods: The sample consisted of participants (aged 18-55 years) from a previously reported multicentre randomised controlled trial with a parallel-group design registered with ClinicalTrials.

Combined repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and medication treatment for depression is associated with serum amyloid a level: Evidence from naturalistic clinical practice.

Objective: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has a positive effect on patients with depressive disorder, while the underpinning molecular mechanism is unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of rTMS on serum levels of serum amyloid A (SAA) and testosterone in a real-world setting.

Materials And Methods: In total, ninety-seven patients with depressive disorder were treated with medicine and rTMS (the rTMS group) while 122 patients were treated using the medicine only (the control group).

Impact of Asymptomatic Neurosyphilis on Patients Quality of Life and Social Stigma.

Background/objectives: Neurosyphilis is a disease caused by when it invades the central nervous system. Asymptomatic neurosyphilis (ANS) is one of the most common types of neurosyphilis, however it is often misdiagnosed. This study aimed to explore the impact of ANS on patient's quality of life and social stigma.

Head-to-Head Comparison of Different Blood Collecting Tubes for Quantification of Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers in Plasma.

To examine whether the type of blood collection tubes affects the quantification of plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease analyzed with a single-molecule array (Simoa), we recruited a healthy cohort (n = 34, 11 males, mean age = 28.7 ± 7.55) and collected plasma in the following tubes: dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (K2-EDTA), heparin lithium (Li-Hep), and heparin sodium (Na-Hep).

Identifying transdiagnostic biological subtypes across schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder based on lipidomics profiles.

Emerging evidence has demonstrated overlapping biological abnormalities underlying schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BP), and major depressive disorder (MDD); these overlapping abnormalities help explain the high heterogeneity and the similarity of patients within and among diagnostic categories. This study aimed to identify transdiagnostic subtypes of these psychiatric disorders based on lipidomics abnormalities. We performed discriminant analysis to identify lipids that classified patients (N = 349, 112 with SCZ, 132 with BP, and 105 with MDD) and healthy controls (N = 198).

Genome-wide Mendelian randomization identifies actionable novel drug targets for psychiatric disorders.

Psychiatric disorders impose tremendous economic burden on society and are leading causes of disability worldwide. However, only limited drugs are available for psychiatric disorders and the efficacy of most currently used drugs is poor for many patients. To identify novel therapeutic targets for psychiatric disorders, we performed genome-wide Mendelian randomization analyses by integrating brain-derived molecular quantitative trait loci (mRNA expression and protein abundance quantitative trait loci) of 1263 actionable proteins (targeted by approved drugs or drugs in clinical phase of development) and genetic findings from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs).

Case report: Chronological symptom profile after cessation of overdose zolpidem in a patient with comorbid bipolar disorder-from anxiety, craving, paresthesia and influenza-like symptoms to seizures and hallucinations.

Introduction: Insomnia is a major public health problem that determines the quality of life. Among the many causes of insomnia, psychological factors have an important influence on the process, duration of insomnia, help-seeking behavior, and treatment choice. Regarding medical treatment, zolpidem is always chosen to treat acute and transient insomnia due to its few side effects.

Disorder-specific impaired neurocognitive function in major depression and generalized anxiety disorder.

Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are both highly prevalent and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Neurocognitive dysfunction has been commonly found in MDD, but the findings in GAD are inconsistent. Few studies have directly compared cognitive performance between GAD and MDD.

Gut microbiota is associated with weight gain in children treated with atypical antipsychotic: A pilot longitudinal study.

We studied longitudinal changes in the microbiome with weight gain during atypical antipsychotics (APs) treatment. 43 inpatients naive to AP paediatric medication were included in the longitudinal microbiota study. The baseline composition of the gut microbiome in the case group was characterised by an increase in Parabacteroides and Eubacterium_hallii_group.

The Effect of Social Cognitive Interaction Training on Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparison with Conventional Treatment.

Background: Existing antipsychotic medications may alleviate the majority of patients' symptoms, but they have no discernible impact on improving social function and quality of life. Psychotherapy is required for the treatment of schizophrenia. However, contemporary psychotherapy technology intervention techniques are limited to a single intervention, and there is a lack of holistic and complete intervention approaches.

Decreased modular segregation of the frontal-parietal network in major depressive disorder.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric condition associated with aberrant large-scale distributed brain networks. However, it is unclear how the network dysfunction in MDD patients is characterized by imbalance or derangement of network modular segregation. Fifty-one MDD patients and forty-three matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited in the present study.

Early Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined With Sertraline in Adolescents With First-Episode Major Depressive Disorder.

Background: Adolescence is a period of high incidence for depression. However, there is a limited treatment option for the adolescent depression. For treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, HF-rTMS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) appears therapeutically effective.

Effect of personalized nursing based on quantitative evaluation strategies on remission of first-episode schizophrenia comparing to usual care: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The drug control of symptoms is for now the main clinical treatment of schizophrenia, but patients' varying condition and poor compliance can also fluctuate the therapeutic effect. Personalized nursing with a quantitative evaluation strategy (PNQES) may help improve the compliance and symptoms, but there are controversies over the outcomes reported in each specific study; the meta-analysis method aims to resolve the controversies over studies, thus, we conducted this study to pooling the results of controlled clinical studies, and to systematically evaluate the effects of this nursing model.

Methods: The PubMed, Medline, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases were selected and searched for relevant articles for PNQES comparing to usual care.

Quality of Life Assessment and Related Factors of HIV-Infected Patients in Hangzhou Using a Path Analysis Model: An Observational Study.

Objective: This study aimed to examine which path among direct and indirect effects was more influential to the quality of life (QOL) for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Methods: An observational study among 951 individuals diagnosed with HIV was conducted in designated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) medical institutions in Hangzhou using simple random sampling technique. We collected the demographic data of patients and then evaluated their QOL by 12-Item Short-Form (SF-12) questionnaire survey.

Corrigendum: Neurofeedback training of alpha relative power improves the performance of motor imagery brain-computer interface.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.

Improved Multiclassification of Schizophrenia Based on Xgboost and Information Fusion for Small Datasets.

To improve the performance in multiclass classification for small datasets, a new approach for schizophrenic classification is proposed in the present study. Firstly, the Xgboost classifier is introduced to discriminate the two subtypes of schizophrenia from health controls by analyzing the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, while the gray matter volume (GMV) and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) are extracted as the features of classifiers. Then, the D-S combination rule of evidence is used to achieve fusion to determine the basic probability assignment based on the output of different classifiers.

Discordant Subjective Perception of Sleep in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Insomnia: A Retrospective Study.

BACKGROUND Factors affecting subjective perception of sleep are unclear but clinically important. We investigated the differences in subjective sleep perception of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and insomnia disorder (ID). MATERIAL AND METHODS From our Sleep Medicine Center database, 33 patients with OSA and 69 with ID were selected and assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder screen, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pre-sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS), and polysomnography.

RORA rs8042149 polymorphism moderates the association between PTSD symptom severity and transverse temporal gyrus thickness in Han Chinese adults who lost their only child.

Background: The G allele in retinoid-related orphan receptor alpha (RORA, rs8042149) gene is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis and more severe symptoms, reported in the first genome-wide association study of PTSD and subsequent replication studies. Although recent MRI studies identified brain structural deficits in RORA rs8042149 risk G allele carriers, the neural mechanism underlying RORA-related brain structural changes in PTSD remains poorly understood.

Methods: This study included 227 Han Chinese adults who lost their only child.

Abnormal Brain Structure Morphology in Early-Onset Schizophrenia.

With less exposure to environmental and medication influences, individuals with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) may provide valuable evidence to study the pathogenesis and phenotypic pattern of schizophrenia.T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were collected in 60 individuals with EOS and 40 healthy controls. Voxel-based morphometry and surface-based morphometry analyzes were performed.

The Chinese Brief Cognitive Test: Normative Data Stratified by Gender, Age and Education.

The aim of this study was to develop a brief version of cognitive assessment test for evaluating the efficacy of treatments targeting cognitive impairments in Chinese schizophrenia patients, to examine its reliability, and establish normative data. Stratified according to age, gender, and educational level, healthy adult subjects were recruited from fifteen institutions in seven administrative regions of China and 723 valid samples were obtained, of which 50 were retested. Generalized Linear Models were conducted to analyze the effects of age, sex, and education.

Reward ameliorates depressive-like behaviors via inhibition of the substantia innominata to the lateral habenula projection.

The lateral habenula (LHb) is implicated in emotional processing, especially depression. Recent studies indicate that the basal forebrain (BF) transmits reward or aversive signals to the LHb. However, the contribution of the BF-LHb circuit to the pathophysiology of depression still needs to be determined.