Heterointerface Built Up by Ultrathin Amorphous MoO Conformal Coating Enables VO·6HO with Superior Properties for Aqueous Zinc Batteries.

Layered VO·6HO is a promising candidate for aqueous zinc batteries (AZBs) but with moderate electrochemical performances. Herein, the charge storage properties of VO·6HO are markedly improved by building up the heterointerface on its surface using amorphous molybdenum trioxide as the heteromaterial. The amorphous molybdenum trioxide functioning as the proton reservoir enables the proton-involved electrochemical reactions and induces the formation of a built-in electric field along the [001] orientation at the heterointerface constructed by the (001) plane of VO·6HO, which could provide new diffusion pathways and extra sites for ion storage.

Induction of lysosome biogenesis is a novel function of the CGAS-STING1 pathway.

Induction of macroautophagy/autophagy has been established as an important function elicited by the CGAS-STING1 pathway during pathogen infection. However, it remains unknown whether lysosomal activity within the cell in these settings is concurrently enhanced to cope with the increased autophagic flux. Recently, we discovered that the CGAS-STING1 pathway elevates the degradative capacity of the cell by activating lysosome biogenesis.

Association between Sputum Culture Conversion and Body Mass Index among Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Punjab, Pakistan: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: The global challenge of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) presents a substantial public health concern, requiring extended and complex treatment regimens. Understanding the factors impacting treatment results, particularly sputum culture conversion and Body Mass Index (BMI), is crucial. This retrospective cohort investigation conducted in Punjab, Pakistan, sought to explore the correlation between BMI and sputum culture conversion in individuals diagnosed with MDR-TB.

Pharmacokinetic characterization and exposure-response relationship of crovalimab in the COMMODORE 1, 2 and 3 and COMPOSER trials of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria.

Aims: Crovalimab is a novel C5 inhibitor administered first intravenously and then subcutaneously in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) naive to complement inhibition or switching from eculizumab or ravulizumab. Crovalimab showed efficacy and safety comparable to eculizumab in the pivotal COMMODORE 2 and supporting studies.

Methods: We characterized crovalimab pharmacokinetics and the relationship between exposure pharmacokinetic parameters and pharmacodynamic biomarkers, efficacy and safety endpoints using pooled data (healthy volunteers [n = 9], naive [n = 210] and switched [n = 211] patients).

Dias-Logan syndrome with a p.Leu360Profs*212 heterozygous pathogenic variant of in a Chinese patient: A case report.

Dias-Logan syndrome, also known as intellectual developmental disorder with persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HbF), or -related intellectual developmental disorder, is an extremely rare neurogenetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability (ID), delayed psychomotor development, variable dysmorphic features, and asymptomatic persistence of fetal hemoglobin. The prevalence and incidence of this condition are currently unknown. We report an 8-year-old Han Chinese male patient with Dias-Logan syndrome who carries a heterozygous pathogenic variant, c.

Rapid screening of pottery lipid residue profile via comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography.

Background: Pottery lipid residue analysis has been extensively practiced worldwide as an important part of archaeometry studies, but in some cases, the complexity of archaeological residue cannot be fully revealed by one-dimensional gas chromatography (1D GC) separation. Although the development of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) has offered another way to achieve better separation and higher resolution, GCxGC separation has rarely been applied to pottery residue analysis. Clearly, GCxGC separation needs to be explored to examine and scrutinize the complexity of pottery lipid residue profile as well as rapid data treatment workflow.

Inhibition of cap-dependent endonuclease in influenza virus with ADC189: a pre-clinical analysis and phase I trial.

ADC189 is a novel drug of cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor. In our study, its antiviral efficacy was evaluated in vitro and in vivo, and compared with baloxavir marboxil and oseltamivir. A first-in-human phase I study in healthy volunteers included single ascending dose (SAD) and food effect (FE) parts.

Motivational interviewing in postoperative rehabilitation and chronic disease management: Current findings and future research directions.

This editorial highlights a recently published study examining the effectiveness of music therapy combined with motivational interviewing (MI) in addressing anxiety and depression among young and middle-aged patients following percutaneous coronary intervention. It further explores existing evidence and potential future research directions for MI in postoperative rehabilitation and chronic disease management. MI aims to facilitate behavioral change and promote healthier lifestyles by fostering a trusting relationship with patients and enhancing intrinsic motivation.

Rapid Determination of Water-Soluble Vitamins in Human Serum by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

Water-soluble vitamins play essential roles in normal body functions and metabolic activities. However, few methods have simultaneously measured all nine water-soluble vitamins in biological matrices. In this study, we developed a sensitive and accurate method for the simultaneous measurement of thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), nicotinamide (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), 4-pyridoxic acid (B6), biotin (B7), 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (B9), ascorbic acid (VC), and methylmalonic acid (MMA) in human serum.

Deep learning approach based on a patch residual for pediatric supracondylar subtle fracture detection.

Supracondylar humerus fractures in children are among the most common elbow fractures in pediatrics. However, their diagnosis can be particularly challenging due to the anatomical characteristics and imaging features of the pediatric skeleton. In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved notable success in medical image analysis, though their performance typically relies on large-scale, high-quality labeled datasets.

C16 peptide and angiopoietin-1 alleviate the side effects of glucocorticoids in a rat multiple sclerosis model.

Background: Natural glucocorticoids (GCs) have been widely used to treat acute multiple sclerosis (MS) attacks. However, they also cause significant side effects related to immunosuppression. Our previous study found that C16 peptide combined with angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and protected blood vessels in animal models of inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases.

The functional regulation between extracellular vesicles and the DNA damage responses.

The DNA damage response (DDR) is a crucial regulatory mechanism for the survival of organisms, and irregularity of DDR may contribute to the development of various diseases, including tumors, making it is a prominent topic in therapeutic research. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as important mediators of intercellular communication, have been extensively studied in recent years. Notably, an increasing number of studies have revealed a strong connection between DDR and EVs.

In vitro effects of recombinant human Neuritin on hair cell recovery post-gentamicin injury in SC lineage-tracing models: Involvement of notch and FGFR signaling.

Hair cell (HC) loss, frequently induced by ototoxic agents such as gentamicin, leads to irreversible hearing loss. Because of the restricted regenerative capabilities of the mammalian inner ear, the exploration of therapeutic strategies to restore damaged HCs is critically needed. Recombinant human Neuritin (rhNeuritin), a neurotrophic factor with established roles in promoting cell survival and regeneration across various systems, presents itself as a promising therapeutic candidate for HC repair.

USP25 directly interacts with and deubiquitinates PPARα to increase PPARα stability in hepatocytes and attenuate high-fat diet-induced MASLD in mice.

Recent studies have implicated altered ubiquitination/de-ubiquitination pathway in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Here, we investigated the potential role of a deubiquitinase, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 25 (USP25), in MASLD. Analysis of mRNA profiling data showed that both human and mouse MASLD are associated with reduced expression of USP25 in hepatocytes.

Transcription factors PHR1 and PHR1-like 1 regulate ABA-mediated inhibition of seed germination and stomatal opening in Arabidopsis.

Low phosphate (LP) availability significantly impacts crop yield and quality. PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE1 (PHR1) along with PHR1-like 1 (PHL1) act as a key transcriptional regulator in a plant's adaptive response to LP conditions. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in how plants respond to environmental stresses like salinity and drought.

Recent Advances in Radical Coupling Reactions Directly Involving Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP).

BCP (bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane) is an ideal saturated carbon bioisostere, instead of the traditional benzene group, which has been extensively developed.

Insights into excitonic behavior in single-atom covalent organic frameworks for efficient photo-Fenton-like pollutant degradation.

The generation of radicals through photo-Fenton-like reactions demonstrates significant potential for remediating emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) in complex aqueous environments. However, the excitonic effect, induced by Coulomb interactions between photoexcited electrons and holes, reduces carrier utilization efficiency in these systems. In this study, we develop Cu single-atom-loaded covalent organic frameworks (Cu/COFs) as models to modulate excitonic effects.

Occurrence, bioaccumulation, and ecological and health risks of Cd, Sn, Hg, and Pb compounds in shrimp and fish from aquaculture ponds.

Aquaculture organisms may accumulate metals to induce health risks. Compared with the focus on total contents, chemical-specific risk assessment makes reasonable but is rare. Herein, we elucidated occurrence of twelve metal compounds in shrimp and fish (edible muscle, one of major metal-containing and generally targeted organs), water, sediment, and feedstuff from two aquaculture ponds in Zhejiang Province (one of the major aquatic production and consumption areas).

GABAergic Progenitor Cell Graft Rescues Cognitive Deficits in Fragile X Syndrome Mice.

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an inherited neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a range of clinical manifestations with no effective treatment strategy to date. Here, transplantation of GABAergic precursor cells from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) is demonstrated to significantly improve cognitive performance in Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice. Within the hippocampus of Fmr1-KO mice, MGE-derived cells from wild-type donor mice survive, migrate, differentiate into functionally mature interneurons, and form inhibitory synaptic connections with host pyramidal neurons.

Merging SOMO activation with transition metal catalysis: Deoxygenative functionalization of amides to β-aryl amines.

Singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) activation of in situ generated enamines has achieved great success in (asymmetric) α-functionalization of carbonyl compounds. However, examples on the use of this activation mode in the transformations of other functional groups are rare, and the combination of SOMO activation with transition metal catalysis is still less explored. In the area of deoxygenative functionalization of amides, intermediates such as iminium ions and enamines were often generated in situ to result in the formation of α-functionalized amines.

In-Depth Examination of TPBG as a New Predictive Indicator for Gastric Cancer.

Trophoblast glycoprotein (TPBG) plays a significant part in the growth of specific cancers, yet its connection to gastric cancer (GC) remains uncertain. This research seeks to analyse the fluctuation in TPBG levels in GC and evaluate how TPBG expression relates to the prognosis of GC patients. TPBG expression in GC and normal gastric tissues was investigated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database, further extracting the immunohistochemistry images from HPA database and validating by Western blot.

Development of PROTACs targeting estrogen receptor: an emerging technique for combating endocrine resistance.

Despite the success of endocrine therapies in treating ER-positive breast cancer, the development of resistance remains a significant challenge. Estrogen receptor targeting proteolysis-targeting chimeras (ER PROTACs) offer a unique approach by harnessing the ubiquitin-proteasome system to degrade ER, potentially bypassing resistance mechanisms. In this review, we present the drug design, efficacy and early clinical trials of these ER PROTACs.

Economic policy uncertainty and corporate innovation-empirical evidence from Chinese pharmaceutical listed companies.

Introduction: Under the background that economic policy uncertainty tends to be normal, the innovation behavior of enterprises can cope with the cost impact brought by economic policy uncertainty.

Methods: Based on the relevant data of China's A-share pharmaceutical listed companies from 2015 to 2022, this paper empirically studied the relationship between economic policy uncertainty and firm innovation by using fixed-effect model, intermediary model, instrumental variable method and two-step method, and investigated the mechanism effects of financialization, executive compensation and government subsidies.

Conclusion: Economic policy uncertainty significantly increases the innovation intensity of enterprises.

Ketogenic diet and cancer: multidimensional exploration and research.

The ketogenic diet (KD) has attracted attention in recent years for its potential anticancer effects. KD is a dietary structure of high fat, moderate protein, and extremely low carbohydrate content. Originally introduced as a treatment for epilepsy, KD has been widely applied in weight loss programs and the management of metabolic diseases.