Macranthoside B Suppresses the Growth of Adenocarcinoma of Esophagogastric Junction by Regulating Iron Homeostasis and Ferroptosis through NRF2 Inhibition.

Background: Macranthoside B (MB) is a saponin compound extracted from hon-eysuckle that has been reported to exhibit significant medicinal values, particularly anti-tumor activities. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer efficacy of MB in treating adenocarci-noma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Three AEG cell lines and normal gastric epithelial cells were used to assess the an-ticancer activity of MB in vitro.

Triglyceride-glucose-body mass index and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Background: Numerous studies have shown that insulin resistance (IR) is closely related to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aims to summarize the correlation between the triglyceride-glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI index), a novel surrogate indicator of insulin resistance, and the incidence of CVD in patients without CVD at baseline through meta-analysis.

Method: Cohort studies assessing multivariate-corrected hazard ratios (HRs) for associations between the TyG-BMI index and cardiovascular disease (CVD) were obtained by searching PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science.

Clioquinol 3% Cream Improves Clinical Symptoms and Restores the Skin Microbiome in Interdigital Tinea Pedis.

Background: Interdigital tinea pedis is a common type of tinea pedis that occurs between toes and is easy to recur. Recently, the skin microbiome analysis of interdigital tinea pedis showed changes in bacterial microbiome in addition to fungal infection.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and safety of clioquinol 3% cream in treating interdigital tinea pedis as well as characterize changes in the skin microbiome during treatment.

m1A-regulated DIAPH3 promotes the invasiveness of colorectal cancer via stabilization of KRT19.

Background: In recent years, the emphasis has shifted to understanding the role of N1-methyladenosine (m1A) in tumor progression as little is known about its regulatory effect on mRNA and its role in the metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: We performed methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing of tumor tissues and tumor-adjacent normal tissues from three patients with CRC to determine the m1A profile of mRNA in CRC. The expression of diaphanous-related formin 3 (DIAPH3) and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics of CRC were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and online datasets.

Highly stretchable, conductive, and self-adhesive starch-based hydrogel for high-performance flexible electronic devices.

To achieve the green and sustainable development of environment, biocompatible hydrogels with exceptional ionic conductivity and flexibility are highly desired for intelligent and wearable sensors. However, it remains a great challenge to obtain biopolymer hydrogel-based sensors with high transparency, excellent mechanical properties, and good adhesion ability simultaneously. Herein, starch/polyacrylamide double-network hydrogel is achieved to endow the multifunctionality of traditional hydrogel sensor.

Mannose functionalized small molecule nanodrug self-assembled from amphiphilic prodrug connected by disulfide bonds for synergistic cancer chemotherapy and photodynamic/photothermal therapy.

Compared to conventional nanocarrier-based drug delivery technology, small-molecule-assembled nanomaterials provide various advantages, including higher drug loading efficiency, lower excipient-related toxicity, and a simpler formulation process. Our research constructed a mannonse-modified small-molecule-assembled nanodrug for synergistic photodynamic/chemotherapy against A549 cancer cells. The hydrophobic hypoxic-activated agent tirapazamine (TPZ) and a hydrophilic fluorescence probe Cyanine 3 (Cy3) constitute this amphiphilic prodrug via a glutathione (GSH)-responsive linkage, which could self-assemble into stable nanoparticles (NPs) and encapsulate a newly synthesized photosensitizer (SeBDP).

Development of a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for rituximab and its application to therapeutic drug monitoring.

Background: Rituximab pharmacokinetics in patients with membranous nephropathy (MN) exhibit significant interindividual variability. Accurate measurement of serum rituximab concentrations is essential for effective therapeutic monitoring. This study develops a highly sensitive time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) for rituximab (rituximab-TRFIA) with a wide detection range, aimed at enhancing therapeutic drug monitoring in MN treatment.

LILRB4 as a novel immunotherapeutic target for multiple diseases.

Immune checkpoints are critical for maintaining autoimmune homeostasis and are implicated in various autoimmune diseases, with their significance increasingly recognized. Investigating the functions and mechanisms of these checkpoints is essential for the development of more effective treatments. Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 4 (LILRB4) stands out as a unique immune checkpoint, with limited expression in most normal tissues but prominent presence in various hematological and solid tumors.

Identifying multilayer network hub by graph representation learning.

The recent advances in neuroimaging technology allow us to understand how the human brain is wired in vivo and how functional activity is synchronized across multiple regions. Growing evidence shows that the complexity of the functional connectivity is far beyond the widely used mono-layer network. Indeed, the hierarchical processing information among distinct brain regions and across multiple channels requires using a more advanced multilayer model to understand the synchronization across the brain that underlies functional brain networks.

Pupil responds spontaneously to visuospatial regularity.

Beyond the light reflex, the pupil responds to various high-level cognitive processes. Multiple statistical regularities of stimuli have been found to modulate the pupillary response. However, most studies have used auditory or visual temporal sequences as stimuli, and it is unknown whether the pupil size is modulated by statistical regularity in the spatial arrangement of stimuli.

What Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy Can Tell Us about Energy Transfer in Dendrimers: Ab Initio Simulations.

Two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectra of the phenylene ethynylene dendrimer with 2-ring and 3-ring branches were evaluated by combining the on-the-fly trajectory surface hopping nonadiabatic dynamics and the doorway-window simulation protocol. The ground state bleach (GSB), stimulated emission (SE), and excited-state absorption (ESA) contributions to the 2D signal were obtained and carefully analyzed. The results demonstrate that the ultrafast intramolecular nonadiabatic excited-state energy transfer (EET) from the 2-ring to the 3-ring units is comprehensively characterized by the SE and ESA signals.

The wheat NLR pair RXL/Pm5e confers resistance to powdery mildew.

Powdery mildew poses a significant threat to global wheat production and most cloned and deployed resistance genes for wheat breeding encode nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors. Although two genetically linked NLRs function together as an NLR pair have been reported in other species, this phenomenon has been relatively less studied in wheat. Here, we demonstrate that two tightly linked NLR genes, RXL and Pm5e, arranged in a head-to-head orientation, function together as an NLR pair to mediate powdery mildew resistance in wheat.

Global Protein Interactome Mapping in Rice Using Barcode-Indexed PCR Coupled with HiFi Long-Read Sequencing.

Establishing the protein-protein interaction network sheds light on functional genomics studies by providing insights from known counterparts. However, the rice interactome has barely been studied due to the lack of massive, reliable, and cost-effective methodologies. Here, the development of a barcode-indexed PCR coupled with HiFi long-read sequencing pipeline (BIP-seq) is reported for high throughput Protein Protein Interaction (PPI)identification.

Integrating transcriptomics, metabolomics, and network pharmacology to investigate multi-target effects of sporoderm-broken spores of on improving HFD-induced diabetic nephropathy rats.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major metabolic disease endangering global health, with diabetic nephropathy (DN) as a primary complication lacking curative therapy. Sporoderm-broken spores of (GLP), an herbal medicine, has been used for the treatment of metabolic disorders. In this study, DN was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats using streptozotocin (STZ) and a high-fat diet (HFD), and the protective mechanisms of GLP were investigated through transcriptomic, metabolomic, and network pharmacology (NP) analyses.

A study on the exploration of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease based on decision-making cognitive computing.

Mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD-MCI) as an independent risk factor for dementia in Parkinson's disease has prognostic value in predicting dementia in PD patients. It was found that the calculation of cognitive function decision-making could better evaluate the cognitive function of PD-MCI. Therefore, this study explored deficits in decision-making cognitive function in PD-MCI population, and mined novel digital biomarkers for recognizing early cognitive decline in PD-MCI through an independently designed maze decision-making digital assessment paradigm.

Functional Connectivity Alterations Associated with COVID-19-Related Sleep Problems: A Longitudinal Resting-State fMRI Study.

Background: COVID-19 has led to reports of fatigue and sleep problems. Brain function changes underlying sleep problems (SP) post-COVID-19 are unclear.

Purpose: This study investigated SP-related brain functional connectivity (FC) alterations.

The impact of large-scale sports events on national identity: a structural equation model based on the residents' perspective.

Introduction: Large-scale sports events have a profound impact on the enhancement of residents' national identity. The study takes the Hangzhou Asian Games as an opportunity to investigate the influence of such events on national identity and the underlying factors.

Methods: The study takes the impact of residents' involvement in the Asian Games on their national identity as the research object, constructs a theoretical model with subjective well-being and city image as the mediator variables, randomly selects 1,096 residents by questionnaire survey, and analyzes their interrelationships as well as deeper influencing factors by using structural equation modeling and bootstrap.

Parvalbumin interneurons in the anterior cingulate cortex exhibit distinct processing patterns for fear and memory in rats.

The anterior cingulate cortex is responsible for multiple cognitive functions like fear, pain management, decision-making, risk and reward assessment, and memory consolidation. However, its cell-type-specific functions are not clearly understood. To reveal the selective functional role of Parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic interneurons in the ACC, we knocked down (KD) the PV gene in-vivo in rats.

The Role of Host-Range Expansion and Co-Speciation in Host-Parasite Associations With the Divergence of the Great Tit Species Complex.

During the evolution of parasites, co-speciation and host-range expansion are thought to play roles in establishing associations with hosts, while sorting events can lead to dissolution of those associations. To address the roles of these processes, we focus on avian haemosporidian parasites infecting hosts of the intensively studied great tit species complex. We estimated the phylogeography of lineages detected in the species complex, and quantified their transition probabilities among hosts.

Blind spots in brain imaging: a pictorial essay.

Currently, radiologists must interpret large quantities of images and identify diseases on a daily basis. The minimization of errors is crucial for high-quality diagnostic imaging and optimal patient care. Brain imaging is frequently used in clinical practice; however, radiologists are prone to overlook some regions in brain imaging and make perceptual errors, thus leading to missed diagnoses.

Polycalmagite Coating Enables Long-Term Alkaline Seawater Oxidation Over NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide.

Renewable energy-powered seawater electrolysis is a green and attractive technique for producing high-purity hydrogen. However, severe chlorideions (Cl) and their derivatives tend to corrode anodic catalysts at ampere-level current densities and hinder the application of seawater-to-H systems. Herein, a polycalmagite (PCM)-coated NiFe layered double hydroxide is presented on Ni foam (NiFe LDH@PCM/NF) that exhibits exceptional stability in alkaline seawater.

The relationship between compassion fatigue, engagement and decent work among nurses: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Nurses face significant professional challenges arising from global pandemics, inadequate welfare protection, and declining social status. In this context, the decent working conditions for nurses are not adequately safeguarded. This study examines decent work status among Chinese nurses and its links work engagement, and compassion fatigue.

Tissue stresses caused by invasive tumour: a biomechanical model.

Malignant tumorigenesis is a complex process involving growth, invasion and mechanical deformation of a cancerous tissue. In this paper, a biomechanical model is proposed to couple the mechanical and biological mechanisms governing invasive tumour development. As an example, this model is applied to investigate the spatio-temporal evolution of tissue stresses in an invasive tumour spheroid and its host tissue.

Comprehensive analysis of protein post-translational modifications reveals PTPN2-STAT1-AOX axis-mediated tumor progression in hepatocellular carcinomas.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor. Although the proteomics of HCC is well studied, the landscape of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in HCC is poorly understood. The PTMs themselves and their crosstalk might be deeply involved in HCC development and progression.