Targeting the MET gene: unveiling therapeutic opportunities in immunotherapy within the tumor immune microenvironment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents the most prevalent histological subtype of lung cancer. Within this disease, the MET gene emerges as a critical therapeutic target, exhibiting various forms of dysregulation. Although MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors, HGF/c-MET targeting antibodies, and antibody-drug conjugates constitute the primary treatment modalities for patients with MET-altered NSCLC, numerous questions remain regarding their optimal application.

Intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics for preoperative prediction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy effect in breast cancer based on F-FDG PET/CT.

Objective: To investigate the value of F-FDG PET/CT-based intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics in predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer.

Methods: 190 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from 2017 to 2022 were studied. Features were extracted from the PET/CT intratumoral and peritumoral regions, feature selection was performed through the correlation analysis, t-tests, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO).

Spatial organization of PI3K-PI(3,4,5)P-AKT signaling by focal adhesions.

The class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling pathway is a key regulator of cell survival, growth, and proliferation and is among the most frequently mutated pathways in cancer. However, where and how PI3K-AKT signaling is spatially activated and organized in mammalian cells remains poorly understood. Here, we identify focal adhesions (FAs) as subcellular signaling hubs organizing the activation of PI3K-PI(3,4,5)P-AKT signaling in human cancer cells containing p110α mutations under basal conditions.

Symptomology of celiac artery compression: Classifying patients by the degree of celiac artery stenosis and secondary changes in collateral branches on computed tomography angiogram.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the degree of celiac artery (CA) stenosis and the secondary changes in collateral branches in patients with CA compression (CAC) by CT and to classify patients by the combination of the two imaging features.

Methods: Patients with CAC identified by contrast-enhanced CT from January 2012 to December 2013 were retrospectively enrolled and divided into the symptomatic group and asymptomatic group. CA stenosis was categorized as mild, moderate, or severe, and collateral circulation as invisible, visible, or prominent.

Optical Imaging of Single Extracellular Vesicles: Recent Progress and Prospects.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, membrane-bound structures released by various cell types into the extracellular environment, which play a crucial role in intercellular communication and the transfer of biomolecules between cells. Given their functional significance, there are intense research interests to use EVs as disease markers and drug carriers. However, EVs characterization is greatly hindered by the small size, the low biomolecule payload, and the high level of heterogeneity.

Polyvalent Aptamer Nanodrug Conjugates Enable Efficient Tumor Cuproptosis Therapy Through Copper Overload and Glutathione Depletion.

Cuproptosis, a recently identified form of copper-dependent cell death, shows promising tumor suppressive effects with minimal drug resistance. However, its therapeutic efficacy is hampered by its dependence on copper ions and the glutathione (GSH)-rich microenvironment in tumors. Here, we have developed polyvalent aptamer nanodrug conjugates (termed CuPEs@PApt) with a nucleosome-like structure to improve tumor cuproptosis therapy by exploiting mitochondrial copper overload and GSH depletion.

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Adding Deep Parasternal Intercostal Plane Block to Interpectoral-Pectoserratus Plane Block in Breast Cancer Surgery.

Background: The interpectoral-pectoserratus plane block is expected to anesthetize the lateral breast, but it is unclear whether the deep parasternal intercostal plane block may enhance recovery by providing analgesia to the medial breast.

Methods: Patients undergoing breast cancer surgery were randomly assigned to receive either the interpectoral-pectoserratus block (single block) or interpectoral-pectoserratus combined with deep parasternal intercostal block (combined block). The primary outcome was the quality of recovery-15 questionnaire score assessed at 24 hours postoperatively.

Expression of CREBBP and EP300 Associated With Tumor Volume in Patients With Grade-3 Glioma: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Reliable predictive data are crucial for making accurate treatment decisions in glioma patients, but it can be challenging to obtain due to limited information in many cases. Numerous research studies have indicated the involvement of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-response element binding protein (CREBBP) and E1A binding protein p300 (EP300) in tumorigenesis and tumor progression across various types.

Methods: The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of CREBBP and EP300 were retrospectively analyzed in 17 grade-3 glioma patients.

Exploration of efficacy of the first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer with primary MET-amplification: Retrospective evaluation of 36 cases.

Background: There are few clinical data on targeted therapy for primary mesenchymal-epidermal transforming factor amplification (METamp), unlike METamp secondary to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). First-line treatment options for patients with primary METamp NSCLC remain unclear, and in particular, the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in these patients is controversial.

Methods: We retrospectively included primary METamp patients who had received at least one line of systemic anticancer therapy, diagnosed at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from June 2018 to June 2023, and analyzed the efficacies of different treatment patterns for these patients.

Alternative splicing in ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer is the second leading cause of gynecologic cancer death worldwide, with only 20% of cases detected early due to its elusive nature, limiting successful treatment. Most deaths occur from the disease progressing to advanced stages. Despite advances in chemo- and immunotherapy, the 5-year survival remains below 50% due to high recurrence and chemoresistance.

Tetraalkynylporphyrin-mediated covalent assembly of gold nanoclusters for targeted tumor fluorescence imaging and enhanced photodynamic therapy.

A covalent assembly strategy was developed to construct a gold nanocluster-based nano-assembly (AuNCNA) in a controllable manner, using Au nanocluster as node and 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-alkynylphenyl)porphine (TEPP) as ligand. Subsequently, the tripeptide arginine glycine aspartic acid (RGD) peptide is further modified via clicking reaction to build a multi-functional nanoplatform (AuNCNA@RGD) that can integrate the targeted fluorescence imaging and efficient photodynamic therapy (PDT). The strong interregulation of Au nanocluster and TEPP results in AuNCNA@RGD exhibiting three distinct advantages: (i) TEPP plays an important role in stabilizing the Au nanocluster and keeping the active site fixed within the framework, thereby enhancing stability of Au nanocluster; (ii) Au nanocluster possess adjustable energy level, which can accelerate the transfer of photogenerated charge and prevent the recombination of electrons and holes, thus improving the photosensitivity of TEPP for PDT; (iii) AuNCNA exhibits bright fluorescence emission that facilitates RGD-assisted targeted tumor imaging.

Synthesis and evaluation of novel tetrahydroisoquinoline-benzo[h]chromen-4-one conjugates as dual ABCB1/CYP1B1 inhibitors for overcoming MDR in cancer.

The emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in malignant tumors is one of the major threats encountered currently by many chemotherapeutic agents. Among the various mechanisms involved in drug resistance, P-glycoprotein (P-gp, ABCB1), a member of the ABC transporter family that significantly increases the efflux of various anticancer drugs from tumor cells, and the metabolic enzyme CYP1B1 are widely considered to be two critical targets for overcoming MDR. Unfortunately, no MDR modulator has been approved by the FDA to date.

Targeting Exon 20 Insertion Mutations in Non-small-Cell Lung Cancer: Changes in Treatment Strategies are Coming.

Epidermal growth factor receptor () exon 20 insertion (ex20ins) mutations are the third most frequent mutation type, following only exon 19 deletions and exon 21 L858R point mutations. ex20ins mutations are found in approximately 4%-12% of all -positive non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Unlike classical mutations, ex20ins mutations display remarkable subtype diversity and heterogeneity.

Targeting esophageal carcinoma: molecular mechanisms and clinical studies.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is identified as a predominant health threat worldwide, with its highest incidence and mortality rates reported in China. The complex molecular mechanisms underlying EC, coupled with the differential incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) across various regions, highlight the necessity for in-depth research targeting molecular pathogenesis and innovative treatment strategies. Despite recent progress in targeted therapy and immunotherapy, challenges such as drug resistance and the lack of effective biomarkers for patient selection persist, impeding the optimization of therapeutic outcomes.