Risk factors for surgical site infection following thyroid surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Thyroid surgery is a common surgical procedure for the treatment of thyroid diseases, such as thyroid nodules, thyroid cancer, and hyperthyroidism. Despite significant advancements in surgical techniques and perioperative care, surgical site infection (SSI) remains a frequent postoperative complication, which can lead to prolonged hospital stays, increased medical costs, and decreased quality of life for patients. Identifying risk factors for SSI is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.

Integrated Analysis of Single-Cell and Bulk RNA-Sequencing Based on EcoTyper Machine Learning Framework Identifies Cell-State-Specific M2 Macrophage Markers Associated with Gastric Cancer Prognosis.

Background: Tumor is a complex and dynamic ecosystem formed by the interaction of numerous diverse cells types and the microenvironments they inhabit. Determining how cellular states change and develop distinct cellular communities in response to the tumor microenvironment is critical to understanding cancer progression. Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important component of the tumour microenvironment and play a crucial role in cancer progression.

CD7-targeting pro-apoptotic extracellular vesicles: A novel approach for T-cell haematological malignancy therapy.

T-cell haematological malignancies progress rapidly and have a high mortality rate and effective treatments are still lacking. Here, we developed a drug delivery system utilizing 293T cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) modified with an anti-CD7 single-chain variable fragment (αCD7/EVs). Given the challenges of chemotherapy resistance in patients with T-cell malignancy, we selected cytochrome C (CytC) and Bcl2 siRNA (siBcl2) as therapeutic agents and loaded them into αCD7/EVs (αCD7/EVs/CytC/siBcl2).

Intermittent fasting triggers interorgan communication to suppress hair follicle regeneration.

Intermittent fasting has gained global popularity for its potential health benefits, although its impact on somatic stem cells and tissue biology remains elusive. Here, we report that commonly used intermittent fasting regimens inhibit hair follicle regeneration by selectively inducing apoptosis in activated hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). This effect is independent of calorie reduction, circadian rhythm alterations, or the mTORC1 cellular nutrient-sensing mechanism.

Chinese guidelines for minimally invasive donor hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation (2024 edition).

Background: Minimally invasive surgeries are increasingly central to modern medicine, particularly in liver transplantation. These techniques, which offer reduced trauma, precise operations, minimal bleeding, and swift recovery, are, however, unevenly adopted across China. Only a limited number of centers routinely perform minimally invasive donor hepatectomies, indicating a significant imbalance in the development and application of these advanced procedures.

ARC protects cochlear hair cells from neomycin-induced ototoxicity via the Ras/JNK signaling pathway.

The present study was designed to investigate the role and mechanism of the Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) in protecting the neomycin-induced hair cell damage. HEI-OC1 cells and basilar membrane culture were applied to determine the effect of ARC. Plasmid transfection was used to regulate the ARC or Ras expression.

Research progress on the molecular structure, function, and application in tumor therapy of zinc transporter ZIP4.

ZIP4, a pivotal member of the ZIP family, is the causative gene for the hereditary disorder AE (acrodermatitis enteropathica) in humans, and plays an essential role in regulating zinc ion balance within cells. While research on the molecular structure of ZIP4 continues, there remains a lack of full understanding regarding the stereo-structural conformation of ZIP4 molecules. Currently, there are two hypotheses concerning the transport of zinc ions into the cytoplasm by ZIP4, with some contradictions between experimental studies.

miR-363-5p protects from neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat models and regulates Schwann cell injury via negatively modulating SERPING1.

Objectives: Due to the complex and unclear pathogenesis of neuropathic pain, there is a lack of effective therapeutic strategy. miR-363-5p was considered of great potential in mediating the development of neuropathic pain, which has not been confirmed with direct evidence. This study evaluated the role of miR-363-5p in neuropathic pain with animal and cell models, aiming to reveal the potential of miR-363-5p in target therapy of neuropathic pain.

Therapeutic potential of farnesoid X receptor agonists for modulating inflammation and periodontal regeneration.

Objectives: Inflammation and osteoclast activity are important in various diseases, including periodontitis and osteoporosis. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has been identified as a promising target for modulating these processes. This study delved into the impact of FXR agonists on inflammation and periodontal regeneration using periodontitis models.

Prognostic value of lymphocyte to monocyte ratio in patients with esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To report the largest systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate prognostic value of lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) in patients with esophageal cancer.

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature retrieval via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane until December, 2023 for studies which evaluated the prognostic value of LMR in patients with esophageal cancer. Outcomes measured were overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and progression-free survival (PFS).

Nursing Intervention Based on the Interactive Attainment Model.

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of nursing that was based on the interactive attainment model in alleviating anxiety and pain during colonoscopy. This retrospective study included 213 patients, divided into intervention and control groups. Both groups underwent normal or painless colonoscopy.

Association Between Time to Treatment and Outcomes of Endovascular Therapy vs Medical Management in Patients With Large Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Objectives: Randomized trials have proven the benefit of endovascular therapy (EVT) for acute large ischemic stroke. This study was to characterize the effect of time to treatment on benefit of EVT vs medical management (MM) among patients with large ischemic stroke.

Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of the Endovascular Therapy in Acute Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusive Patients with a Large Infarct Core randomized trial.

Diet-gut microbiome interaction and its impact on host blood glucose homeostasis: a series of nutritional n-of-1 trials.

Background: The interplay between diet and gut microbiome substantially influences host metabolism, but uncertainties remain regarding their relationships tailored for each subject given the huge inter-individual variability. Here we aim to investigate diet-gut microbiome interaction at single-subject resolution and explore its effects on blood glucose homeostasis.

Methods: We conducted a series of nutritional n-of-1 trials (NCT04125602), in which 30 participants were assigned high-carbohydrate (HC) and low-carbohydrate (LC) diets in a randomized sequence across 3 pair of cross-over periods lasting 72 days.

Application of multi-feature-based machine learning models to predict neurological outcomes of cardiac arrest.

Cardiac arrest (CA) is a major disease burden worldwide and has a poor prognosis. Early prediction of CA outcomes helps optimize the therapeutic regimen and improve patients' neurological function. As the current guidelines recommend, many factors can be used to evaluate the neurological outcomes of CA patients.

Relationship among ultrasound features, pus Mycobacterium tuberculosis load, and efficacy of antituberculosis drugs in patients with necrotizing tuberculous lymphadenitis.

For patients with necrotizing cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis (CTL) who have formed abscesses and are unwilling to undergo surgery, early and accurate assessment of drug therapy should be performed to guide subsequent clinical adjustments. This study investigated 22 patients with necrotizing CTL who underwent chemotherapy at our hospital from February 2020 to December 2022. They were diagnosed based on the positive results of pathogen detection methods (acid-fast bacillus smear, mycobacteria culture, Gene X-pert, and next-generation sequencing).

Prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis.

Objective: In some reports, antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) prevalence is higher in COVID-19 patients. This study intended to compare aPL prevalence between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls, and differences in aPL types using meta-analysis.

Methods: This work retrieved published literature about association between COVID-19 and aPL from Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, and The Cochrane Library databases.

Air pollution, residential greenspace, and the risk of incident immune thrombocytopenic purpura: a prospective cohort study of 356,482 participants.

This study investigated the associations of air pollution and residential greenspace with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) risk, along with their combined effects, in a cohort of 356,482 UK Biobank participants free of ITP at baseline. Ambient PM2.5, PMcoarse, PM10, NO2, and NOx exposures were estimated by land-use regression models and residential greenspace was calculated using land use data, defined as the percentage of outdoor greenspace surrounding each participant's home location.

Prospects and Challenges of Immunotherapy for Thyroid Cancer.

Background: Thyroid cancer generally boasts a favorable prognosis; however, advanced and refractory cases exhibit aggressive characteristics and resistance to conventional therapies, necessitating the investigation of innovative treatment modalities. Immunotherapy, which harnesses the body's immune system to target cancer cells, has shown considerable promise for specific thyroid cancer subtypes.

Objective: This review article aims to encapsulate the latest advancements in immunotherapy for thyroid cancer, examining its mechanisms, therapeutic efficacy, ongoing challenges, and the potential benefits of combination therapy approaches.

Intensive blood pressure management for ischemic stroke patients following endovascular thrombectomy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to determine the potential benefits of intensive blood pressure management in ischemic stroke patients who have undergone endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).

Methods: We comprehensively searched all relevant studies published before August 23, 2024, using multiple databases, including Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wangfang. The primary outcomes were favorable outcomes at 90 days (mRS score = 0-2), while the secondary outcomes comprised 90-day mortality, incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and 7-day mortality.