Effect of Atracurium versus Cisatracurium on QT interval changes in patients undergoing cataract surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Muscle relaxants are used during surgery, but their impact on ECG may differ, potentially affecting cardiac safety. This study aimed to compare the effects of Atracurium versus Cisatracurium on QT interval changes in patients undergoing cataract surgery.

Method: This double-blind, parallel-group randomized clinical trial (RCT) was conducted in 2023 in Hamadan, Iran.

Exploring the barriers and facilitators of helmet use among motorcyclists: A qualitative study.

Objective: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) have been identified as a major public health problem worldwide. Motorcyclists are one of the most vulnerable groups in terms of injuries and fatalities in road traffic crashes. Not using a helmet and head and neck injuries are the main causes of death and disability among them.

Protective effects of geraniol in a male rat model of Alzheimer's disease: A behavioral, biochemical, and histological study.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a neurodegenerative disease can cause behavioral impairments due to oxidative stress. Aging and oxidative conditions are some AD risk factors.

Objective: We assessed the influence of geraniol (GR), an acyclic monoterpene alcohol, on behavioral functions, hippocampal oxidative status, and histological alterations in AD rats induced by amyloid-β (Aβ).

Catechin Hydrate Improves Hypertrophic Scar in Rabbit Ear Model via Reduction of Collagen Synthesis.

Background: Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a cutaneous condition results from abnormal wound healing following deep tissue injury. To date, there is no optimal treatment for this skin disorder. Catechins possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-fibrotic properties.

Investigating the efficiency of fixed bed column containing FeO-ZIF8@eggshell membrane matrix in concurrent adsorption of arsenic and nitrate from water.

In the current work, the behavior of a fixed bed column (FBC) containing an innovative nanocomposite, FeO-ZIF8@eggshell membrane matrix (F-ZIF8@EMM), was investigated in the concurrent elimination of arsenic and nitrate, as two potentially harmful elements (PHEs) in drinking water. Flow rate (6-10 mL/min), column height (10-20 cm), reaction time (30-180 min), pH (5-10), primary content of arsenic (25-100 µg/L), primary content of nitrate (100-200 mg/L), and nanocomposite dose (0.25-1 mg/L) were examined as different operational effects on the simultaneous uptake of arsenic and nitrate from actual water via the as-fabricated novel nanocomposite through various experiments.

Cinnamon potential in alleviating early postmenopause symptoms: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: Menopause is a substantial physical, mental, and emotional transition in a woman's life. Most women suffer symptoms during menopause, impacting their quality of life for a decade or more. This study aimed to determine the effect of cinnamon on the severity of postmenopause symptoms.

Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of tribulus terrestris methanolic extract against , and An study.

Background: (TT) extract has shown good antibacterial activity against some bacteria. However, there are limited data on its cariogenic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of TT extract against .

Effect of different boron contents within boron-doped hydroxyapatite-chitosan nano-composite on the microhardness of demineralized enamel.

Objective: Dental caries is a prevalent chronic disease globally, arising from an imbalance between tooth remineralization and demineralization. Early detection of lesions is crucial, with non-invasive methods preferred in the initial stages of caries for enamel remineralization and demineralization prevention. This study aimed to assess the impact of varying contents of boron-doped hydroxyapatite-chitosan nano-composite on the microhardness of demineralized enamel.

COVID-19 vaccines: current and future challenges.

As of December 2020, around 200 vaccine candidates for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are being developed. COVID-19 vaccines have been created on a number of platforms and are still being developed. Nucleic acid (DNA, RNA) vaccines, viral vector vaccines, inactivated vaccines, protein subunit vaccines, and live attenuated vaccines are among the COVID-19 vaccine modalities.

Role of social innovations in health in the prevention and control of infectious diseases: a scoping review.

Background: The implementation of social innovations for addressing societal challenges, particularly in health, leverages community participation and technology to optimally meet social needs compared to traditional approaches. A key feature of these innovations is their ability to utilize existing capacities for contributing to resolving infectious disease outbreaks, which has attracted significant attention from health organizations. Given the potential of these innovations, this study has investigated social innovations in the prevention and control of infectious diseases as one of the major global challenges in the form of a comprehensive literature review.

Effect of Simultaneous Use of Neuromodulation and Acoustic Stimulation in the Management of Tinnitus.

Tinnitus is a relatively common disorder with a heterogeneous nature. Combining methods in its treatment may offergreater effectiveness. We aim to explore the impact of concurrently applying tRNS neuromodulation and acousticstimulation for tinnitus control.

A multilevel analysis of factors associated with wasting in children one to two years old in Hamadan city.

The study aimed to identify risk factors for childhood wasting in 1-2 year-olds in Hamadan city, focusing on this age group due to infection and malnutrition risks. Unlike previous cross-sectional studies on children under 5 years old, this longitudinal study tracked weight-to-height changes over time. Data were analyzed from 455 mother-child pairs, aged 1-2 years, collected from health centers and recorded in the Integrated Electronic Health System (SIB).

Relationship Between Personality Traits and Perceived Pain After Photorefractive Keratectomy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hamadan.

Background: Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is a common procedure to correct refractive errors. However, postoperative pain is one of the most common drawbacks of PRK. Evidence shows that individual`s personality traits could impact postoperative perceived pain.

The role of small extracellular vesicles in spreading and inhibiting arthropod-borne diseases.

Arthropod-borne diseases (ABDs) refer to a group of viral pathogens that affect a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including humans and non-human primates. In addition to being transmitted by mosquitoes and ticks, arthropods can also spread pathogens that cause severe human diseases. On the other hand, extracellular vesicles (EVs) can serve as cross-placental drug delivery vehicles (DDVs) to the fetus and even as antigen-presenting cells (APCs).

The PCSK9 Protein Is Not Necessarily a Risk Factor for Major Depressive Disorder.

Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the common psychiatric disorders that is characterized by abnormal neurobiological responses. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) is important in cholesterol homeostasis.

Methods: This study aimed to investigate PCSK9 levels and oxidative stress with MDD disease.

Oocyte competence develops: nuclear maturation synchronously with cytoplasm maturation.

Human oocyte maturation is a lengthy process that takes place over the course of which oocytes gain the inherent ability to support the next developmental stages in a progressive manner. This process includes intricate and distinct events related to nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation. Nuclear maturation includes mostly chromosome segregation, whereas rearrangement of organelles, storage of mRNAs and transcription factors occur during cytoplasmic maturation.

The antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of gentamicin, imipenem, and fucoidan combinations against dual-species biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from diabetic foot ulcers.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin production or utilization, leading to severe health complications. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) represent a major complication, often exacerbated by polymicrobial infections involving Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii. These pathogens, notorious for their resistance to antibiotics, complicate treatment efforts, especially due to biofilm formation, which enhances bacterial survival and resistance.

A chewing gum containing ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid (EDTA), methyl sulfonyl methane (MSM) and xylitol works comparable to chlorehexidine mouthrinse.

Dental plaque provides a proper environment for the growth and activity of bacteria responsible for periodontal diseases and caries. As a result, it should be removed by individuals to prevent periodontal diseases and caries. There are different mechanical and chemical plaque control methods.

Education based on the theory of planned behavior to improve medication regimen adherence, hope and marital quality in patients with substance use disorder.

Background: Regarding the psychosocial aspect of treating those with substance use, it is crucial for them to exhibit a capacity for personal transformation, fully utilize their remaining capabilities, and eradicate societal discrimination. We aimed to assess the efficacy of educational instruction grounded in the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in enhancing adherence to medication regimens, fostering hope, and improving marital quality among people with substance use disorders.

Methods: This study was conducted at the Rapid Addiction Closure Center in Fasa city, Iran, involving a sample of 140 patients undergoing addiction treatment with methadone and buprenorphine in 2021-2022.