Study Design and Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of Enavogliflozin to Evaluate Cardiorenal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes (ENVELOP).

Background: The novel sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor enavogliflozin effectively lowers glycosylated hemoglobin levels and body weights without the increased risk of serious adverse events; however, the long-term clinical benefits of enavogliflozin in terms of cardiovascular and renal outcomes have not been investigated.

Methods: This study is an investigator-initiated, multicenter, randomized, pragmatic, open-label, active-controlled, non-inferiority trial. Eligible participants are adults (aged ≥19 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who have a history of, or are at risk of, cardiovascular disease.

Influence of prestroke glycemic status on outcomes by age in patients with acute ischemic stroke and diabetes mellitus.

Background: This study aimed to explore the association between admission HbA1c and the risk of 1-year vascular outcomes stratified by age group in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: This study analyzed prospective multicenter data from patients with AIS and DM. Admission HbA1C were categorized as:≤6.

Z-scheme CeO-TiO@CNT Heterojunction for Efficient Photoredox Removal of Mix Pollutants (CPF, MB, MO, and RhB).

Z-scheme CeO-TiO@CNT (CTC) heterojunction is fabricated using hydrothermal method and evaluated for removing mixed pollutants (MIX-P) from ciprofloxacin (CPF) and textile contaminations. CTC demonstrated ≈99% removal efficiency against MIX-P under solar irradiation of ≈10 lumens. High removal efficiency of CTC is attributed to reduced bandgap (E), 2.

Incidence and Clinical Course of Post-infectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Patients Admitted to University Hospitals: 1-year Prospective Follow-up Study.

Background/aims: Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) is characterized by chronic gastrointestinal symptoms that arise following an episode of infectious enteritis. The incidence rates vary, ranging from 5% to 32% and the risk factors are not well known. We aim to investigate the incidence and risk factors of PI-IBS in enteritis patients admitted to university hospitals in Korea.

Prompt engineering-enabled LLM or MLLM and instigative bioinformatics pave the way to identify and characterize the significant SARS-CoV-2 antibody escape mutations.

The research aims to identify and characterize the antibody escape mutations of NTD and RBD regions of SARS-CoV-2 using prompt engineering-enabled combined LLMs (large language models) and instigative bioinformatics techniques. We used two LLMs (ChatGPT and Mistral 7B) and one MLLM (Gemini model) to retrieve the significant NTD and RBD mutations. The retrieved significant mutations were characterized through the in silico servers.

Comparing 1-L and 2-L Polyethylene Glycol with Ascorbic Acid for Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background/aims: Small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) has become the standard for initial evaluation in the diagnosis of small bowel lesions. Although optimal visualization of the mucosa is important, patients experience difficulty in consuming a large volume of bowel preparation agents. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of 1-L polyethylene glycol (PEG) with ascorbic acid (AA) and 2-L PEG with AA.

Vortioxetine in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder Among Working Patients in Routine Clinical Practice: An Analysis of a Post-Marketing Surveillance Study in South Korea.

Background: Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) experience depressive symptoms such as anhedonia as well as cognitive dysfunction which can subsequently impair their work performance.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness and safety of vortioxetine in working patients with MDD in South Korea.

Patients And Methods: This was a subgroup analysis of a prospective, multicenter, non-interventional, non-comparative post-marketing surveillance (PMS) study.

Mapping the Potential Genes and Associated Pathways Involved in Long COVID-Associated Brain Fog Using Integrative Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Strategy.

One of the recent emerging global health issues is long COVID. Among long COVID patients, long COVID-associated brain fog is an important area. We noted an immense gap in understanding the genes and associated pathways involved in long COVID-associated brain fog.

Cross-Cultural Validation of the Sexual Desire Inventory (SDI-2) in 42 Countries and 26 Languages.

Sexual desire is a complex construct with important implications for sexual functioning and well-being. In this research, we translated the Sexual Desire Inventory (SDI-2), a widely used scale for assessing sexual (desire), into 25 languages from English and used data from the International Sex Survey (ISS) to (a) investigate its psychometric properties (i.e.

GAIT-CKD (Gait Analysis using Artificial Intelligence for digital Therapeutics of patients with Chronic Kidney Disease): design and methods.

Background: Digital therapeutics are emerging as treatments for diseases and disabilities. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), gait is a potential biomarker for health status and intervention effectiveness. This study aims to analyze gait characteristics in CKD patients, providing baseline data for digital therapeutics development.

Large language model to multimodal large language model: A journey to shape the biological macromolecules to biological sciences and medicine.

After ChatGPT was released, large language models (LLMs) became more popular. Academicians use ChatGPT or LLM models for different purposes, and the use of ChatGPT or LLM is increasing from medical science to diversified areas. Recently, the multimodal LLM (MLLM) has also become popular.

Autoantibodies in COVID-19 and Other Viral Diseases: Molecular, Cellular, and Clinical Perspectives.

Autoantibodies are immune system-produced antibodies that wrongly target the body's cells and tissues for attack. The COVID-19 pandemic has made it possible to link autoantibodies to both the severity of pathogenic infection and the emergence of several autoimmune diseases after recovery from the infection. An overview of autoimmune disorders and the function of autoantibodies in COVID-19 and other infectious diseases are discussed in this review article.

The changing scenario of drug discovery using AI to deep learning: Recent advancement, success stories, collaborations, and challenges.

Due to the transformation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools and technologies, AI-driven drug discovery has come to the forefront. It reduces the time and expenditure. Due to these advantages, pharmaceutical industries are concentrating on AI-driven drug discovery.

Effect of Hospital-to-Home Transitional Care for COPD on Patient-Centered Outcomes.

Background: Appropriate hospital-to-home transitional care has been recognized for its positive impact on health care usage and health outcomes in patients with COPD. However, there is limited research assessing its effects on patient-centered outcomes, focusing on patient symptoms and experiences.

Methods: This single-blind randomized controlled trial included subjects diagnosed with COPD at one of 2 university hospitals in South Korea.

Evaluating the factor structure and measurement invariance of the 20-item short version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale across multiple countries, languages, and gender identities.

The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Model and the various psychometric instruments developed and validated based on this model are well established in clinical and research settings. However, evidence regarding the psychometric validity, reliability, and equivalence across multiple countries of residence, languages, or gender identities, including gender-diverse individuals, is lacking to date. Using data from the International Sex Survey ( = 82,243), confirmatory factor analyses and measurement invariance analyses were performed on the preestablished five-factor structure of the 20-item short version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale to examine whether (a) psychometric validity and reliability and (b) psychometric equivalence hold across 34 country-of-residence-related, 22 language-related, and three gender-identity-related groups.

Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin as an Antioxidant for Bone-Muscle-Tendon Regeneration and Aging.

Quercetin (QC), a naturally occurring bioflavonoid found in various fruits and vegetables, possesses many potential health benefits, primarily attributed to its robust antioxidant properties. The generation of oxidative stress in bone cells is a key modulator of their physiological behavior. Moreover, oxidative stress status influences the pathophysiology of mineralized tissues.

Gut microbiota-based machine-learning signature for the diagnosis of alcohol-associated and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Alcoholic-associated liver disease (ALD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) show a high prevalence rate worldwide. As gut microbiota represents current state of ALD and MASLD via gut-liver axis, typical characteristics of gut microbiota can be used as a potential diagnostic marker in ALD and MASLD. Machine learning (ML) algorithms improve diagnostic performance in various diseases.

Clinical characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with superoptimal peak inspiratory flow rate.

Characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with superoptimal peak inspiratory flow rates (PIFR) has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to compare the characteristics between COPD patients with superoptimal PIFR and those with optimal and sub-optimal PIFR. PIFR was measured using In-Check DIAL G16 and categorized into sub-optimal (PIFR lower than that required by the patient's device), optimal, and superoptimal (peak PIFR ≥ 90 L/min).