Environmental filtering, not dispersal history, explains global patterns of phylogenetic turnover in seed plants at deep evolutionary timescales.

Environmental filtering and dispersal history limit plant distributions and affect biogeographical patterns, but how their relative importance varies across evolutionary timescales is unresolved. Phylogenetic beta diversity quantifies dissimilarity in evolutionary relatedness among assemblages and might help resolve the ecological and biogeographical mechanisms structuring biodiversity. Here, we examined the effects of environmental dissimilarity and geographical distance on phylogenetic and taxonomic turnover for ~270,000 seed plant species globally and across evolutionary timescales.

The value of information in predicting harmful algal blooms.

Environmental decision-making is inherently subject to uncertainty. However, decisions are often urgent, and whether to take direct action or invest in collecting additional data beforehand is pervasive. To make this trade-off explicit, the value of information (VoI) theory offers a powerful decision analytic tool to quantify the expected benefit of resolving uncertainty in a decision context.

Freshwater fish in mid and northern German rivers - Long-term trends and associated species traits.

To understand biodiversity change and support conservation decision-making, estimates of species' long-term population trends at regional and national scales are essential. However, such estimates are missing for many freshwater taxa, despite the diverse range of threats that they face. For this study, we mobilised monitoring data on riverine freshwater fish abundance collected across different regions of Germany.

Assessment tools addressing avoidable care transitions in older adults: a systematic literature review.

Purpose: The phenomenon of avoidable care transitions has received increasing attention over the last decades due to its frequency and associated burden for the patients and the healthcare system. A number of assessment tools to identify avoidable transitions have been designed and implemented. The selection of the most appropriate tool appears to be challenging and time-consuming.

FGF21 and its underlying adipose tissue-liver axis inform cardiometabolic burden and improvement in obesity after metabolic surgery.

Background: This research investigates the determinants of circulating FGF21 levels in a cohort reflecting metabolic disease progression, examining the associations of circulating FGF21 with morphology and function of adipose tissue (AT), and with metabolic adjustments following metabolic surgery.

Methods: We measured serum FGF21 in 678 individuals cross-sectionally and in 189 undergoing metabolic surgery longitudinally. Relationships between FGF21 levels, AT histology, transcriptomes and proteomes, cardiometabolic risk factors, and post-surgery metabolic adjustments were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses, causal mediation analysis, and network integration of AT transcriptomes and proteomes.

Amide conjugates of the jasmonate precursor cis-(+)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid regulate its homeostasis during plant stress responses.

Jasmonates are a family of oxylipin phytohormones regulating plant development and growth and mediating "defense versus growth" responses. The upstream JA biosynthetic precursor cis-(+)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (cis-OPDA) acts independently of CORONATIVE INSENSITIVE 1-mediated JA signaling in several stress-induced and developmental processes. However, its perception and metabolism are only partially understood.

[Superior semicircular canal dehiscence isolation by transmastoid two-point canal plugging with preservation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex. German version].

This article describes the surgical treatment of superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS) by isolating the dehiscence using transmastoid two-point canal plugging while preserving the high-frequency vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) of the affected semicircular canal. The superior semicircular canal is opened via a transmastoid approach anterior (as far from the ampulla as possible) and posterior to the dehiscence and then plugged with connective tissue and bone dust. In two clinical exemplary cases, vestibular testing showed that the VOR measured by video head impulse (vHIT) test was preserved (patient 1: gain preoperative 0.

Publicly available continuously updated topic specific databases of randomised clinical trials: A scoping review.

Conducting systematic reviews of clinical trials is arduous and resource consuming. One potential solution is to design databases that are continuously and automatically populated with clinical trial data from harmonised and structured datasets. We aimed to map publicly available, continuously updated, topic-specific databases of randomised clinical trials (RCTs).

Perspectives on Codebook: sequence specificity of uncharacterized human transcription factors.

We describe an effort ("Codebook") to determine the sequence specificity of 332 putative and largely uncharacterized human transcription factors (TFs), as well as 61 control TFs. Nearly 5,000 independent experiments across multiple and assays produced motifs for just over half of the putative TFs analyzed (177, or 53%), of which most are unique to a single TF. The data highlight the extensive contribution of transposable elements to TF evolution, both in and , and identify tens of thousands of conserved, base-level binding sites in the human genome.

Cross-platform DNA motif discovery and benchmarking to explore binding specificities of poorly studied human transcription factors.

A DNA sequence pattern, or "motif", is an essential representation of DNA-binding specificity of a transcription factor (TF). Any particular motif model has potential flaws due to shortcomings of the underlying experimental data and computational motif discovery algorithm. As a part of the Codebook/GRECO-BIT initiative, here we evaluated at large scale the cross-platform recognition performance of positional weight matrices (PWMs), which remain popular motif models in many practical applications.

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Background: The main purpose of national medical quality registries is to contribute to better patient treatment. The registries are also used in research and as management tools. The aim of the study was to investigate data quality in the Norwegian Myocardial Infarction Registry by comparing the proportion of correctly registered variables with a reference standard.

Soil microbiomes show consistent and predictable responses to extreme events.

Increasing extreme climatic events threaten the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Because soil microbes govern key biogeochemical processes, understanding their response to climate extremes is crucial in predicting the consequences for ecosystem functioning. Here we subjected soils from 30 grasslands across Europe to four contrasting extreme climatic events under common controlled conditions (drought, flood, freezing and heat), and compared the response of soil microbial communities and their functioning with those of undisturbed soils.

Giant Topological Hall Effect and Colossal Magnetoresistance in Heusler Ferromagnet near Room Temperature.

Colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) is an exotic phenomenon that allows for the efficient magnetic control of electrical resistivity and has attracted significant attention in condensed matter due to its potential for memory and spintronic applications. Heusler alloys are the subject of considerable interest in this context due to the electronic properties that result from the nontrivial band topology. Here, the observation of CMR near room temperature is reported in the shape memory Heusler alloy NiMnIn, which is attributed to the combined effects of magnetic field-induced martensite twin variant reorientation (MFIR) and magnetic field-induced structural phase transformation (MFIPT).

A nucleoside signal generated by a fungal endophyte regulates host cell death and promotes root colonization.

The intracellular colonization of plant roots by the beneficial fungal endophyte Serendipita indica follows a biphasic strategy, including a host cell death phase that enables successful colonization of Arabidopsis thaliana roots. How host cell death is initiated and controlled is largely unknown. Here, we show that two fungal enzymes, the ecto-5'-nucleotidase SiE5NT and the nuclease SiNucA, act synergistically in the apoplast at the onset of cell death to produce deoxyadenosine (dAdo).

Association between white matter microstructural changes and aggressiveness. A case-control diffusion tensor imaging study.

Research has focused on identifying neurobiological risk factors associated with aggressive behavior in order to improve prevention and treatment efforts. This study aimed to characterize microstructural differences in white matter (WM) integrity in individuals prone to aggression. We hypothesized that altered cerebral WM microstructure may underlie normal individual variability in aggression and tested this using a case-control design in healthy individuals.

Ibrutinib in Early-Stage Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: The Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Phase III CLL12 Trial.

Purpose: The CLL12 trial reassesses the watch-and-wait consensus for early-stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in the context of targeted therapies.

Methods: The German CLL Study Group conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial with 363 patients with asymptomatic, treatment-naïve Binet stage A CLL at increased risk of progression to receive ibrutinib (n = 182) at a daily dose of 420 mg or placebo (n = 181). Additionally, 152 low-risk patients were allocated to the watch-and-wait group.

Diversity and Inclusivity Considerations Are Key When Choosing a Global Oncology Conference Location.

we propose equity in representation on who hosts cancer related conferences! It's time for Low and middle income to also rent their academic spaces!, this unfortunately is one of the ways to sort the visa injustices for cancer care providers in LMICs.

Psychometric Evaluation of the New Translated and Culturally Adapted Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire in German-Speaking Women.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the construct validity and reliability of the newly adapted German version of the Parental Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) in a group of mothers drawn from the general population, with children aged 12-24 weeks. This assessment followed a thorough linguistic validation, which was conducted through a systematic, multi-step translation process.

Methods: 363 women completed the PBQ online 12-24 weeks after delivery.

Prophylactic use of inotropic agents for the prevention of low cardiac output syndrome and mortality in adults undergoing cardiac surgery.

Background: As the burden of cardiovascular disease grows, so does the number of cardiac surgeries. Surgery is increasingly performed on older people with comorbidities who are at higher risk of developing perioperative complications such as low cardiac output state (LCOS). Surgery-associated LCOS represents a serious pathology responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality.

Minimally invasive approaches for implant-supported overdentures in the atrophied mandible.

Objectives: The study compares three minimally invasive approaches for the retention of implant supported mandibular complete dentures, particularly focusing on patient satisfaction.

Background: The McGill Consensus Statement recommends restoration of the edentulous mandible with an overdenture retained on two implants. Alternatively, less invasive treatment concepts with shorter treatment times have been developed for critical cases.

Development of bombesin-tubulysin conjugates using multicomponent chemistry to functionalize both the payload and the homing peptide.

Peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) have recently gained significant attention for the targeted delivery of anticancer therapeutics, mainly due to their cost-effective and chemically defined production and lower antigenicity compared to ADCs, among other benefits. In this study, we designed and synthesized novel PDCs by conjugating new thiol-functionalized tubulysin analogs (tubugis) to bombesin, a peptide ligand with a relevant role in cancer research. Two tubulysin analogs bearing ready-for-conjugation thiol groups were prepared by an on-resin multicomponent peptide synthesis strategy and subsequently tested for their stand-alone anti-proliferative activity against human cancer cells, which resulted in IC values in the nanomolar range.