Impact and Mechanisms of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia on Fatigue among Cancer Survivors: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Study Objectives: Cancer-related fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in cancer survivors. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) can improve fatigue, but mechanisms are unclear. This secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial evaluated whether CBT-I led to a significant improvement in fatigue, accounting for change in comorbid symptoms of insomnia, perceived cognitive impairment (PCI), anxiety, and depression.

Project ECHO Occupational and Environmental Medicine: A Qualitative Study of HealthCare Providers Supporting Workers with Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses.

Purpose: This qualitative study investigated the needs, barriers, and facilitators that affect primary care providers' involvement in supporting patients' stay-at-work and return-to-work following injury or illness. It also aims to understand the lived experiences of primary care providers who participated in the Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes training program for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ECHO OEM). By examining both the structural and experiential aspects of the program, this study seeks to provide insights into how ECHO OEM influences providers' approaches to occupational health challenges.

Nursing knowledge in cardio-oncology: results of an international learning needs-assessment survey.

Background: With early detection and improvements in systemic and local therapies, millions of people are surviving cancer, but for some at a high cost. In some cancer types, cardiovascular disease now competes with recurrent cancer as the cause of death. Traditional care models, in which the cardiologist or oncologist assess patients individually, do not address complex cancer and cardiovascular needs.

How gender shapes practice choices among family medicine residents and early career family physicians: a Canadian qualitative study.

Background: The practice choices of family medicine residents and early career family physicians shape access to primary care. A growing proportion of family physicians are women.

Aim: This study examined how gender operates in shaping family physician practice choices and subsequent practice patterns.

Effectiveness of behavioural and psychological interventions for managing obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis framed using minimal important difference estimates based on GRADE guidance to inform a clinical practice guideline.

Objective: Conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of behavioural and psychological interventions for managing paediatric obesity.

Methods: Eligible studies, published between 1985 and 2022, included 0 to 18 year olds with outcomes reported ≥3 months post-baseline, including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), cardiometabolic and anthropometric outcomes, and adverse events (AEs). We pooled data using a random effects model and assessed certainty of evidence (CoE) related to minimally important difference estimates for outcomes using GRADE.

Utility of hybrid whole genome sequencing in assessing potential nosocomial VIM transmission.

Hybrid whole genome sequencing was used to investigate if nosocomial Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM) carbapenemase transmission occurred between two patients without epidemiological links or common pathogens. Challenges in genomic methodology and appropriate analytical depth for mobile carbapenemase outbreaks are described including how inappropriate choices can mislead results and impact infection control practices.

Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations: Vascular cognitive impairment, 7th edition practice guidelines update, 2024.

The Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations (CSPR) 7th edition includes this new module on the diagnosis and management of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) with or without neurodegenerative disease. An expert writing group and people with VCI lived experience (PWLE) reviewed current evidence. Existing recommendations were reviewed and revised, and new recommendations added.

A novel "lateral approach short axis in-plane" technique vs. conventional "short-axis out-of-plane approach" for ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein access: a prospective randomized non-inferiority trial.

Background: The cannulation of the internal jugular vein (IJV) is a frequent procedure in critically ill patients. According to the guidelines, real-time ultrasound navigation is recommended. Traditional techniques pose several disadvantages, such as suboptimal needle visualization.

Identification and quantitative trait locus mapping of Tartary buckwheat pre-harvest sprouting.

Background: Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tartaricum) is particularly vulnerable to pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) due to its extended flowering and fruiting cycle, especially during periods of prolonged rainfall. This susceptibility has significant adverse effects on yield, quality and post-harvest processing. In this study, a recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population (XJ-RILs) was developed from a cross between the PHS-susceptible Tartary buckwheat variety 'Xiaomiqiao' (female parent) and the highly PHS-resistant variety 'Jinqiaomai 2' (male parent).

Building knowledge to improve access to inclusive and equitable care for trans and gender-diverse survivors of sexual assault and intimate partner violence: a qualitative research protocol.

Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual assault are pervasive public health and human rights concerns that disproportionately impact trans and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals. Experiences of cisgenderism and transphobia, compounded by racism and other forms of discrimination and structural violence, can hinder access to appropriate supports in a safe and non-stigmatising environment across a variety of sectors, including but not limited to healthcare, social services, criminal justice, and legal. TGD individuals may also have unique health and social needs requiring support that is not yet in place.

International Society of Wheelchair Professionals' Basic Manual Wheelchair Service Provision Knowledge Test Version 2: Assessment of preliminary psychometric evidence.

Valid and reliable assessment tools to test wheelchair service personnel/provider knowledge are needed to support good practice. The International Society of Wheelchair Professionals' Basic Manual Wheelchair Service Provision Test (Version 1) has been widely used across contexts and settings to assess the knowledge of personnel who provide manual wheelchair services. Test Version 2 has been recently developed according to current evidence.

Genomic characterization of pathotype diversity and drug resistance among generic Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens in Canada.

Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative bacterium that is ubiquitous in animals and humans, with some strains capable of causing disease. The aim of this study was to perform a comparative genomic analysis of 2,732 generic E. coli isolates that were recovered from poultry samples collected from six regions in Canada as part of the National Microbiological Baseline study in Broiler Chicken.

Phenolic acids from Anisopus mannii modulates phosphofructokinase 1 to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial.

Phenolic acid-rich fraction from Anisopus mannii (PhAM) contains abundance of ferulic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, and syringic acid. Among other glycolytic enzymes, in vitro, PhAM counteracted the binding of sodium orthovanadate to phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK-1), improving its activities. In a rat model of diet-induced diabetes, PhAM monotherapy reduced HbA1c by an average of 0.

Widespread innervation of motoneurons by spinal V3 neurons globally amplifies locomotor output in mice.

While considerable progress has been made in understanding the neuronal circuits that underlie the patterning of locomotor behaviors, less is known about the circuits that amplify motoneuron output to adjust muscle force. Here, we demonstrate that propriospinal V3 neurons (Sim1) account for ∼20% of excitatory input to motoneurons across hindlimb muscles. V3 neurons also form extensive connections among themselves and with other excitatory premotor neurons, such as V2a neurons.

Development of the Whole Day Matters Toolkit for Primary Care: a consensus-building study to mobilize national public health guidelines in practice.

Introduction: Strategic knowledge mobilization efforts are needed to enhance uptake and use of the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24HMG), which describe optimal amounts of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep each day for overall health. The Whole Day Matters Toolkit for Primary Care is an evidence-informed resource to help primary care providers (PCPs) disseminate the 24HMGs. The purpose of this study was to describe gaining consensus on toolkit components through iterative revisions to improve its utility in preparation for the September 2022 launch, and to summarize early dissemination efforts.

Beyond the Score: Exploring the Associations Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Electrophysiological Responses to Errors.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have diverse effects on physical development and mental health. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the quantity of ACE exposure, type of ACE exposure, and subjective level of stress felt, correlated with event-related potential activity across the scalp, while controlling for relevant confounding variables. Fifty-three participants aged 18-32 years completed questionnaires assessing their current mental health, self-regulation, childhood socioeconomic status, and history of traumatic events.

Role of neck dissections in the management of carotid body tumors.

Objective: Carotid body tumors (CBTs) are rare neoplasms of the paraganglia at the carotid bifurcation. While typically benign, CBTs occasionally exhibit malignancy, metastasizing to nearby lymph nodes. Histopathologic analysis alone is insufficient to confirm malignancy, requiring metastases to non-neuroendocrine tissue for a definitive diagnosis.

Downscaling global reference points to assess the sustainability of local fisheries.

Multispecies coral reef fisheries are typically managed by local communities who often lack research and monitoring capacity, which prevents estimation of well-defined sustainable reference points to perform locally relevant fishery assessments. Recent research modeling coral reef fisheries globally has estimated multispecies sustainable reference points (i.e.

Widespread occurrence and relevance of phosphate storage in foraminifera.

Foraminifera are ubiquitous marine protists that intracellularly accumulate phosphate, an important macronutrient in marine ecosystems and in fertilizer potentially leaked into the ocean. Intracellular phosphate concentrations can be 100-1,000 times higher than in the surrounding water. Here we show that phosphate storage in foraminifera is widespread, from tidal flats to the deep sea.

Assessing changing baleen whale distributions and reported incidents relative to vessel activity in the Northwest Atlantic.

Baleen whales are among the largest marine megafauna, and while mostly well-protected from direct exploitation, they are increasingly affected by vessel traffic, interactions with fisheries, and climate change. Adverse interactions, notably vessel strikes and fishing gear entanglement, often result in distress, injury, or death for these animals. In Atlantic Canadian waters, such negative interactions or 'incidents' are consistently reported to marine animal response organizations but have not yet been analyzed relative to the spatial distribution of whales and vessels.

Interlaboratory comparison of particle filtration efficiency testing equipment.

Particle filtration efficiency (PFE) is a critical property of face masks, with the most common test methods using sodium chloride as a challenge aerosol. In the absence of bottom-up uncertainty budgets for PFE, interlaboratory comparisons provide an alternative route to robustly quantify the precision and bias of the method. This work presents the results of several interlaboratory comparisons of particle filtration efficiency performed across a network of laboratories.

Determination of the Negative Allosteric Binding Site of Cannabidiol at the CB1 Receptor: A Combined Computational and Site-Directed Mutagenesis Study.

Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) has been extensively studied as a potential therapeutic target for various conditions, including pain management, obesity, emesis, and metabolic syndrome. Unlike orthosteric agonists such as Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD) has been identified as a negative allosteric modulator (NAM) of CB1R, among its other pharmacological targets. Previous computational and structural studies have proposed various binding sites for CB1R NAMs.

Z-residual diagnostic tool for assessing covariate functional form in shared frailty models.

Survival analysis often involves modeling hazard functions while considering frailty to account for unobserved cluster-level factors in clustered survival data. Shared frailty models have gained popularity for this purpose, but assessing covariate functional form in these models presents unique challenges. Martingale and deviance residuals are commonly used for visually assessing covariate functional form against continuous covariates.

Five-Year Outcomes of a School-Based Personality-Focused Prevention Program on Adolescent Substance Use Disorder: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Objective: Rates of substance use disorders (SUDs) remain significantly above national targets for health promotion and disease prevention in Canada and the United States. This study investigated the 5-year SUD outcomes following a selective drug and alcohol prevention program targeting personality risk factors for adolescent substance misuse.

Methods: The Co-Venture trial is a cluster randomized trial involving 31 high schools in the greater Montreal area that agreed to conduct annual health behavior surveys for 5 years on the entire 7th grade cohort of assenting students enrolled at the school in 2012 or 2013.

An exploratory qualitative assessment of patient and clinician perspectives on patient-reported outcome measures and disease-modifying therapies in adults with spinal muscular atrophy.

Objective: To understand patient, caregiver, and clinician perspectives on patient-reported outcome measures, critical functional domains, and disease-modifying therapies in adult spinal muscular atrophy.

Design: An exploratory qualitative single-site study.

Patients: Ten adults with spinal muscular atrophy and two clinicians participated in semi-structured interviews.