Glycine betaine enhances heavy metal phytoremediation via rhizosphere modulation and nitrogen metabolism in king grass-Serratia marcescens strain S27 symbiosis.

Microbe-Assisted Phytoremediation (MAP) is an eco-friendly method for remediating soil contaminated with heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr). This study demonstrates the potential of a king grass-Serratia marcescens strain S27 (KS) co-symbiotic system to enhance heavy metal remediation. The KS symbiosis increased the biomass of king grass by 48 % and enhanced the accumulation of Cd and Cr in the whole plant by 2.

Chemical cross-linking facilitates antigen uptake and presentation and provides improved protection from Mpox with a dual-antigen subunit vaccine.

Antigen uptake, processing, and presentation are crucial for the immune responses of protein-based vaccines. Herein, we introduced a reversible chemical cross-linking strategy to engineer protein antigens, which can be tracelessly removed upon antigen-presenting cell (APC) uptake and cellular reduction. The chemically cross-linked antigen proteins presented significantly enhanced uptake and epitope presentation by APC.

Tailored strategies based on polysaccharide structural and functional properties for nutrients delivery in inflammatory bowel disease.

Many food nutrients suffer from a series of limitations such as poor water solubility, low stability and inadequate bioavailability. These challenges can be effectively improved by food-based delivery systems (FDSs). FDSs are a series of functional carriers developed based on food-borne macromolecules.

Role of mutation G255A in modulating pyrethroid sensitivity in insect sodium channels.

A voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) plays a crucial role in insect electrical signals, and it is a target for various naturally occurring and synthesized neurotoxins, including pyrethroids and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane. The type of agent is typically widely used to prevent and control sanitary and agricultural pests. The perennial use of insecticides has caused mutations in VGSCs that have given rise to resistance in most insects.

A novel photoelectrochemical biosensor for sensitive detection of nucleic acids based on recombinase polymerase amplification and 3D-array titania nanorods.

Nucleic acids detection is essential for diagnosing pathogens; however, traditional methods usually face challenges such as low sensitivity, lengthy reaction times, and strict temperature requirements. This study develops a novel photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor that integrates recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with a 3D-array titania (TiO) nanorods nanorod electrode, addressing the challenge of achieving sensitive detection of RPA-amplified nucleic acids products, thereby enabling earlier and more reliable pathogen detection. The biosensor utilizes a triple-binding mode involving FITC antibodies, target nucleic acids, and an HRP-streptavidin sandwich structure, significantly improving the bio-functionalization of the electrode surface.

Attention modulates subjective time perception across eye movements.

Prior research has established that actions, such as eye movements, influence time perception. However, the relationship between pre-saccadic attention, which is often associated with eye movement, and subjective time perception is not explored. Our study examines the impact of pre-saccadic attention on the subjective experience of time during eye movements, particularly focusing on its influence on subjective time perception at the saccade target.

The impacts of alien species on river bioassessment.

The extent of alien taxa impacts on river ecosystem health is unclear, but their frequency continues to rise. We investigated 1) the prevalence of including alien taxa in common bioindicators used in river bioassessment, 2) the effect of alien taxa on the richness and abundance of natives, and 3) whether including alien taxa in bioassessment tools increased their sensitivity to river degradation. In the 17 countries analyzed fish represented the greatest number of alien species (1726), followed by macrophytes (925), macroinvertebrates (556), and diatoms (7).

Development and reproduction of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on the 3 artificial diets in the laboratory.

Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a major pest of many fruit trees. The large-scale artificial propagation technology of the insect is the basis for the field application of the sterile insect technique and biological control products based on host mass reproduction. However, a low-cost diet with easily accessible materials remains lacking.

Exploring the efficacy of (R)-PFI-2 hydrochloride in mitigating noise-induced hearing loss by targeting NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathway to reduce inner ear inflammation.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is primarily driven by inflammatory processes within the cochlea, where noise exposure triggers the activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, leading to an inflammatory cascade. The interaction between increased NLRP3 expression and NF-κB activity can further amplify cochlear inflammation. Our findings reveal that (R)-PFI-2 hydrochloride, a selective inhibitor of the SETD7 enzyme, effectively inhibits the activation of the cochlear NF-κB pathway, suppresses the release of pro-inflammatory factors, and prevents inflammasome assembly.

Investigating the expression profiles of cysteine string proteins (CSPs) in cochlear tissue.

Objective: This study aims to explore the expression patterns of cysteine string protein alpha (CSPα) and cysteine string protein beta (CSPβ) in the mammalian inner ear, with an emphasis on their temporal dynamics during the developmental stages of C57BL/6 mice.

Methods: We utilized immunofluorescence staining to assess the localization and distribution of CSPα and CSPβ within the inner ears of C57BL/6 mice and miniature pigs. Additionally, this method facilitated the investigation of their temporal expression profiles.

Supramolecular transparent plastic engineering covalent-and-supramolecular polymerization.

Supramolecular glass and plastic are a new generation of artificial transparent materials that exhibit excellent optical behavior and processability. However, owing to inherent deficiencies in their mechanical toughness and long-term stability, supramolecular materials lack the potential for functionalization and application. Inspired by the toughening phenomena in biological systems, a synergistic covalent-and-supramolecular polymerization strategy was applied to construct plastic-like supramolecular materials with high transmittance the solvent-free one-pot amidation of thioctic acid and (poly)amines.

The hepatic clock synergizes with HIF-1α to regulate nucleotide availability during liver damage repair.

Nucleotide availability is crucial for DNA replication and repair; however, the coordinating mechanisms in vivo remain unclear. Here, we show that the circadian clock in the liver controls the activity of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) to support de novo nucleotide biosynthesis for DNA synthesis demands. We demonstrate that disrupting the hepatic clock by genetic manipulation or mistimed feeding impairs PPP activity in male mice, leading to nucleotide imbalance.

Peripheral B Lymphocyte Serves as a Reservoir for the Persistently Covert Infection of Mandarin Fish Ranavirus.

Mandarin fish ranavirus (MRV) is a distinctive member among the genus of the family . The persistently covert infection of MRV was previously observed in a natural outbreak of MRV, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that mandarin fish peripheral B lymphocytes are implemented as viral reservoirs to maintain the persistent infection.

Identification and Molecular Characterization of Telosma Mosaic Virus (TelMV) and East Asian Passiflora Virus (EAPV) from Patchouli in China.

Patchouli is a valuable medicinal herb and cash crop in China, but viral infections cause significant yield losses. This study identified six viruses in patchouli transcriptome data, including the first-ever detection of East Asian Passiflora Virus (EAPV) in patchouli. RT-PCR validated three viruses from diseased patchouli plants in Haikou, China: telosma tosaic virus (TelMV), broad bean wilt virus-2 (BBWV-2), and pogostemom alphacytorhabdovirus 1 (PogACRV1_Pog).

A Bait-and-Hook Hydrogel for Net Tumor Cells to Enhance Chemotherapy and Mitigate Metastatic Dissemination.

: Lung cancer is an aggressive disease with rapid progression and a high rate of metastasis, leading to a significantly poor prognosis for many patients. While chemotherapy continues to serve as a cornerstone treatment for a large proportion of lung cancer patients, expanding preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that chemotherapy may promote tumor metastasis and cause side effects. : We develop an injectable bait-and-hook hydrogel (BH-gel) for targeted tumor cell eradication, which embedded doxorubicin liposomes as cytotoxic agents and CXCL12 as a chemoattractant to capture and kill tumor cells.

The Influence of Fresh Latex Coagulation on the Parameter Characteristics of the Yeoh Hyperelastic Constitutive Model for Natural Rubber.

The coagulation of fresh latex is one of the critical processes that impacts rubber quality during natural rubber processing. Constitutive relationships are the basis for the study of the mechanical properties of rubber materials and serve as a prerequisite for material simulation studies. However, studies on the effect of different coagulation methods on natural rubber constitutive relationships have yet to be carried out, and the current models used for natural rubber constitutive relationships need to be improved.

A Photothermal-Responsive Soft Actuator Based on Biomass Carbon Nanosheets of Synergistic Bilateral Polymers.

Currently, polymer actuators capable of photothermal response are being developed to be more sensitive and repeatable. In this work, a three-layered structured soft film actuator (NA/PET/NI-3) was designed by combining poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), poly(N-(2-aminoethyl)-acrylamide) (PANGA) and poly(ethylene glycol-co-terephthalate) (PET) film. Coconut water and PEI were used to synthesize a new kind of carbon nanosheet (PEI-CCS), which, when triggered by near-infrared light, will enable photothermal bending behavior in the micrometer-scale NA/PET/NI-n film, while PET served as the supporting and heat conducting layer.

Comparative Physiological and Transcriptomics Profiling Provides Integrated Insight into Melatonin Mediated Salt and Copper Stress Tolerance in L.

L., (pitaya) is an important tropical fruit crop, and faces significant challenges from soil salinity and heavy metal toxicity. This study explores the role of melatonin (M) in enhancing stress tolerance in pitaya against salinity (S) and copper (Cu) toxicity, both individually and in combination (SCu).

Continuous Cropping of Patchouli Alleviate Soil Properties, Enzyme Activities, and Bacterial Community Structures.

(Patchouli), an essential medicinal plant in the family, faces significant challenges under continuous cropping (CC) obstacles. This study examined the rhizospheric soil bacterial communities of patchouli under four different CC years, zero (CK), one (T1), two (T2), and three (T3) years through high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results showed long-term CC led to significant soil properties and enzyme activity shifts.

Serotype D Infection Induces Activation of the IL-17 Signaling Pathway in Goat Lymphocytes.

(1) Background: Pasteurellosis is a global zoonotic bacterial disease, which has caused significant economic impacts in animal husbandry. Nevertheless, there is limited understanding of the immune response between goat peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and goat-derived (). (2) Methods: To investigate the immune response of host PBLs during infection with type D, we established an cell model utilizing isolated primary goat PBLs.

Seasonal Migratory Activity of the Beet Armyworm (Hübner) in the Tropical Area of China.

The beet armyworm (Hübner), a global pest, feeds on and affects a wide range of crops. Its long-distance migration with the East Asian monsoon frequently causes large-scale outbreaks in East and Southeast Asia. This pest mainly breeds in tropical regions in the winter season every year; however, few studies have investigated associations with its population movements in this region.

PM-YOLO: A Powdery Mildew Automatic Grading Detection Model for Rubber Tree.

Powdery mildew has become a significant disease affecting the yield and quality of rubber trees in recent years. It typically manifests on the leaf surface at an early stage, rapidly infecting and spreading throughout the leaves. Therefore, early detection and intervention are essential to reduce the resulting losses due to this disease.

Genetic Diversity and Fingerprinting of 231 Mango Germplasm Using Genome SSR Markers.

Mango ( L.) (2n = 40) is an important perennial fruit tree in tropical and subtropical regions. The lack of information on genetic diversity at the molecular level hinders efforts in mango genetic improvement and molecular marker-assisted breeding.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of GRAS Transcription Factor Family in Cultivated Hybrid Sugarcane ZZ1 () and Their Role in Development and Stress.

GRAS gene family plays multifunctional roles in plant growth, development, and resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses, belonging to the plant-specific transcription factor (TF) family. In this study, a genome-wide survey and systematic analysis of the GRAS family in cultivated hybrid sugarcane ZZ1 () with economic and industrial importance was carried out. We identified 747 GRAS genes with complete structural domains and classified these into 11 subfamilies by phylogenetic analyses, exhibiting a diverse range of molecular weight and isoelectric points, thereby indicating a broad structural and functional spectrum.