Conference 2024: Building an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health.

The Conference 2024 provides a platform to promote the development of an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health. The four key components - Technology, Research (Biology), Academic journals, and Social media - form a synergistic ecosystem. Advanced technologies drive biological research, which generates novel insights that are disseminated through academic journals.

ArgR regulates motility and virulence through positive control of flagellar genes and inhibition of diguanylate cyclase expression in Aeromonas veronii.

Flagella are essential for biofilm formation, adhesion, virulence, and motility. In this study, the deletion of argR resulted in defects in flagellar synthesis and reduced motility, nevertheless, the underlying mechanism by which ArgR regulated bacterial motility remained unclear. ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq analysis revealed that ArgR regulated the expression of flagellar genes, concluding two-component system flrBC and multitudinous flagellar structure genes.

Optical sectioning methods in three-dimensional bioimaging.

In recent advancements in life sciences, optical microscopy has played a crucial role in acquiring high-quality three-dimensional structural and functional information. However, the quality of 3D images is often compromised due to the intense scattering effect in biological tissues, compounded by several issues such as limited spatiotemporal resolution, low signal-to-noise ratio, inadequate depth of penetration, and high phototoxicity. Although various optical sectioning techniques have been developed to address these challenges, each method adheres to distinct imaging principles for specific applications.

Fast STEM image simulation in low-energy transmission electron microscopy by the accurate Chen-van-Dyck multislice method.

The Chen-van-Dyck (CVD) formulation as a rigorous numerical solution to the Schrödinger equation has been demonstrated being the only accurate multislice method for calculating diffraction and imaging in low-energy transmission electron microscopy. The CVD formulation not only considers the forward scattering effects but also includes the backscattering effects. However, since its numerical computation has to be performed in real-space, the CVD method may suffer from divergence and inefficiency in computing time, especially when used for low-energy scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) image simulation.

Biocontrol mechanisms of antagonistic yeasts on postharvest fruits and vegetables and the approaches to enhance the biocontrol potential of antagonistic yeasts.

During storage and transportation, fruits and vegetables are susceptible to various pathogens, leading to quality degradation and significant economic losses. Currently, chemical pesticides are primarily used for control; however, their overuse poses serious threats to human health and causes environmental pollution. Biocontrol, known for its environmentally friendly characteristics, has been extensively studied.

Alanine to glycine substitution in the PyR2 confers sodium channel resistance to Type I pyrethroids.

Background: Aedes aegypti is a primary urban vector of dengue, yellow fever, Zika and chikungunya worldwide. Pyrethroid insecticides are the most effective insecticides for controlling Ae. aegypti.

Insights and perspectives of chitosan-based hydrogels for the removal of heavy metals and dyes from wastewater.

Water pollution has become an increasingly serious issue, necessitating the design and development of more effective wastewater treatment methods. Chitosan-based hydrogels, owing to their unique structural and chemical properties, have demonstrated high efficiency in removing contaminants. However, the application remains restricted by the scarcity of effective adsorption sites and limited environmental stability.

When microplastics meet microalgae: Unveiling the dynamic formation of aggregates and their impact on toxicity and environmental health.

Microplastics (MPs) commonly coexist with microalgae in aquatic environments, can heteroaggregate during their interaction, and potentially affect the migration and impacts of MPs in aquatic environments. The hetero-aggregation may also influence the fate of other pollutants through MPs' adsorption or alter their aquatic toxicity. Here, we explored the hetero-aggregation process and its key driving mechanism that occurred between green microalga Chlorella vulgaris (with a cell size of 2-10 μm) and two types of MPs (polystyrene and polylactide, 613 μm).

Disrupted brain networks underlying high-fidelity memory retrieval in subjective cognitive decline: A task-based fMRI study.

Introduction: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is linked to memory complaints and disruptions in certain brain regions identified by molecular imaging and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. However, it remains unclear how these regions interact to contribute to both subjective and potential objective memory issues in SCD.

Methods: To address this gap, task-based imaging studies are essential.

Plant Coumarin Metabolism-Microbe Interactions: An Effective Strategy for Reducing Imidacloprid Residues and Enhancing the Nutritional Quality of Pepper.

Imidacloprid (IMI) stress positively correlates with the potential of coumarins to alleviate abiotic stress. However, little is known about the pathways and mechanisms by which coumarin reduces the IMI residue by regulating plant secondary metabolism and plant-microbe interactions. This study examined the impact of coumarin on the uptake, translocation, and metabolism of IMI in pepper plants by modulating the signal molecule levels and microbial communities in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere.

Effects of future climate and land use changes on runoff in tropical regions of China.

Climate change and human activities are the primary drivers influencing changes in runoff dynamics. However, current understanding of future hydrological processes under scenarios of gradual climate change and escalating human activities remains uncertain, particularly in tropical regions affected by deforestation. Based on this, we employed the SWAT model coupled with the near future (2021-2040) and middle future (2041-2060) global climate models (GCMs) under four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP1-2.

Forsythoside B ameliorates neuroinflammation via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome of glial cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.

Neuroinflammation mediated by glial cells plays a crucial role in demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a multiple sclerosis (MS) model. Forsythoside B (FTS·B), a natural phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from the dried fruits and leaves of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, has been found to have antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Dissolved oxygen depletion in Chinese coastal waters.

Estuarine and coastal environments have experienced dissolved oxygen (DO hereafter) depression and hypoxia due to increasingly intensified anthropogenic eutrophication and climate warming. This review compared diverse systems in Chinese coastal waters that experience DO depletion or hypoxia, aiming to identify essential aspects in advancing the abilities in comprehensively understanding DO dynamics across systems that span wide ranges of physical and biogeochemical environments. The coastal DO depression and relevant ecological consequences around the world are generally overviewed.

Whole-Genome Sequencing and Genome Annotation of Pathogenic Causing Stem and Foliage Scab Disease in Sweet Potato.

A pathogen strain responsible for sweet potato stem and foliage scab disease was isolated from sweet potato stems. Through a phylogenetic analysis based on the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, combined with morphological methods, the isolated strain was identified as To comprehensively analyze the pathogenicity of the isolated strain from a genetic perspective, the whole-genome sequencing of HD-1 was performed using both the PacBio and Illumina platforms. The genome of HD-1 is about 26.

Gen. nov. and Gen. nov., Two New Genera Revealed by Morphological and Phylogenetic Evidences in the Family Boletaceae from Subtropical China.

Boletaceae, the largest and most diverse family of Boletales (Agaricomycetes and Basidiomycota), is both ecologically and economically important. Although many taxa have been described in China, the diversity of the family still remains incompletely understood. In the present study, gen.

Effects of Acute Salinity Stress on the Histological and Bacterial Community Structure and Function in Intestine of .

This study focused on and conducted stress experiments at salinity levels of 20‱ and 40‱. Intestinal histological changes and the structural characteristics of the intestinal flora of under salinity stress were analyzed. The results show that acute salinity stress inflicts varying degrees of damage to the intestinal tissues of .

Enhanced Eicosapentaenoic Acid Production via Synthetic Biological Strategy in .

The rational dietary ratio of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) can exert neurotrophic and cardiotrophic effects on the human body. The marine microalga produces EPA yet no DHA, and thus, it is considered an ideal EPA-only model to pursue a rational DHA/EPA ratio. In this study, synthetic biological strategy was applied to improve EPA production in .

A Review of Current Developments in Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: From Synthesis to Biosensing Applications.

Functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been widely investigated in the fields of nanotechnology and material science, owing to their high surface area, diverse structure, controllable cavity, high biocompatibility, and ease of surface modification. In the past few years, great efforts have been devoted to preparing functionalized MSNs for biosensing applications with satisfactory performance. The functional structure and composition in the synthesis of MSNs play important roles in high biosensing performance.

Improvement of silage characteristics of HMC4 and improvement of silage quality of king grass.

The effect of HMC4 produced by protoplast fusion on silage was studied. The silage formula was composed of heterozygote HMC4 (Group C), parent Lactobacillus (Group A) and a combination of two parents (Group B). The fermentation quality and microbial composition of each batch of silage were evaluated.

enhances oxidative stress tolerance through rhamnose-dependent mechanisms.

This study probes into the unique metabolic responses of (), a key player in the gut microbiota, when it metabolizes rhamnose rather than typical carbohydrates. Known for its predominant role in the Bacteroidetes phylum, efficiently breaks down poly- and mono-saccharides into beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), crucial for both host health and microbial ecology balance. Our research focused on how this bacterium's SCFA production differ when utilizing various monosaccharides, with an emphasis on the oxidative stress responses triggered by rhamnose consumption.

ZnONPs alleviate cadmium toxicity in pepper by reducing oxidative damage.

Cadmium (Cd) is a genotoxic heavy metal causing severe toxicity symptoms in plants, which has been a major threat to worldwide crop production. Recently, nanoparticles (NPs) have been employed as a novel strategy to facilitate the Cd stress and act as nano-fertilizers directly. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs; 15 mg/L) on plant growth, photosynthetic activity, antioxidant activity and root morphology in Capsicum chinense Jacq.

Deciphering the landscape and evolutionary trajectory of NLR immune receptors in Dioscorea alata.

Dioscorea alata, a key tuber crop for global food security, is threatened by anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. However, identification of functional resistance genes against C. gloeosporioides in D.

In-Situ Growth of Metallocluster Inside Heterometal-Organic Cage to Switch Electron Transfer for Targeted CO Photoreduction.

Construction of metal-organic cages (MOCs) with internal modifications is a promising avenue to build enzyme-like cavities and unlocking the mystery of highly catalytic activity and selectivity of enzymes. However, current interests are mainly focused on single-metal-node cages, little achievement has been expended to metallocluster-based architectures, and the in situ endogenous generation of metal clusters. Herein, based on the hard-soft-acids-bases (HSAB), the metallocluster-based heterometallic MOC (CuVMOP) constructed of [CuOPz] and [VO(OCH)(SO)(CO)] clusters was obtained by one-pot method.

Time-Course Strategy Reveals a Dual Potential of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Its Alternative in Adipocyte Differentiation.

Exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA) was associated with adipogenesis. However, potential mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Herein, a 3T3-L1 adipocyte model was used to explore the dynamic changes in adipocyte differentiation (2, 4, and 8 days) under PFOA and HFPO-DA exposure.