Extracellular vesicles enhance the antitumor effects of millettia species-derived compounds in chronic myelogenous leukemia therapy.

Several are being investigated as medicinal ingredients due to their promising anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the application of -derived compounds has been severely hindered by their poor aqueous solubility, rapid metabolism, and low bioavailability. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which as membrane-bound phospholipid vesicle initiatively secreted through a variety of mammalian cells, are increasingly recognized as promising drug delivery vehicles.

Prognostic Nomograms for Elderly Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer Brain Metastasis: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Population-Based Study with Temporal External Validation.

Objective: This study aimed to pinpoint independent predictors influencing overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in elderly patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) brain metastasis (BM), and to create and validate nomograms for OS and CSS prediction.

Methods: Data from elderly SCLC BM patients were extracted out of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, including 1200 patients identified from 2010 and 2015 who were randomly allocated into a training set and an internal validation set at a proportion of 7:3, and 666 patients diagnosed between 2018 and 2020 as a temporal external validation set. Independent predictors for OS and CSS were determined through univariate Cox analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis, and multivariate Cox analysis sequentially.

Sirtuin-3 activates the mitochondrial unfolded protein response and reduces cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Sirtuin-3 (Sirt3) deacetylates several mitochondrial proteins implicated into cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR) favors mitochondrial proteostasis during various stressors. Here, we used Sirt3 transgenic mice and a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model to evaluate the molecular basis of Sirt3 on the UPR during brain post-ischemic dysfunction.

TBX5 Variants are Associated with Susceptibility to and the Incidence of Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Chinese Population: A Multicenter and Follow-Up Study.

Purpose: Liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are progressions affected by genetic predispositions, and persistent hepatitis B virus infection also demonstrates genetic susceptibility. All HBV-related outcomes have been compared in parallel to identify risk polymorphism in HBV progression.

Methods: The multiple-stage association study filtered and validated the risk SNPs for HBV progression and explored their association with persistent infection, with a total of 8906 subjects in China from three sites.

Association between Serum Cys C and PTB Cavitation.

Background: Cystatin C (Cys C) not only regulates the body's immune defenses but also contributes to tissue degradation and destruction by causing an imbalance between protease and antiprotease in infectious diseases. Is Cys C involved in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) infection and cavitation? We therefore conducted a retrospective study on this question to provide a basis for further studies.

Methods: Cavitary PTB patients, noncavitary PTB patients, and healthy controls were recruited in our study.

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells-derived Exosomal Long Non-coding RNA KLF3 antisense RNA 1 Enhances Autophagy to Protect Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Via ETS Variant Transcription Factor 4/Silent Information Regulator 1 Axis.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes are demonstrated to exert neuroprotective effects in stroke. We aimed to explore the role and mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) KLF3 antisense RNA 1 (KLF3-AS1) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (BMSCs-Exos) in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Exosomes were isolated from the culture medium of BMSCs.

Somatic nuclear auto-antigenic sperm protein sensitizes human breast cancer cells to 5-Fluorouracil.

Purpose: To assess the potential role of nuclear auto-antigenic sperm protein (NASP) in the cellular sensitivity to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in breast cancer cells.

Methods: The expression of two NASP isotypes, namely somatic NASP (sNASP) and testis NASP (tNASP) in breast cancer lines were detected under 5-FU treatment using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot assays. NASP effect on cellular viability and apoptosis under 5-FU treatment were evaluated.

Dynamic Changes of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in Close Contacts.

Introduction: Close contacts of individuals with COVID-19 may directly gain immunity against SARS-CoV-2 despite lacking a detectable infection. This study examined SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies levels based on gender, age, and exposure source in close contacts of individuals with COVID-19 and compared antibody levels to patients with an asymptomatic or symptomatic COVID-19 infection.

Methods: Two patients had confirmed COVID-19 infections at a community hospital in Qiongzhong, Hainan province.

XPG is Modulated by miR-4715-3p and rs873601 Genotypes in Lung Cancer.

Objective: (Xeroderma pigmentosum group G, ), a single strand-specific DNA endonuclease in the nucleotide excision repair pathway, has been implicated in lung cancer. Potentially functional rs873601 in is consistently associated with gastrointestinal cancer, and miR-4715-3p, targeting 3UTR of , also influences the process of gastrointestinal carcinogenesis, however, the relationships between and miR-4715-3p and rs873601 in lung cancer have not been elucidated.

Methods: A case-control study included 264 lung cancer patients and 264 cancer-free healthy controls and was designed to determine the relationships between rs873601 and lung cancer and the effect of miR-4715-3p on expression in lung cancer.

Exosome-Delivered LncHEIH Promotes Gastric Cancer Progression by Upregulating EZH2 and Stimulating Methylation of the GSDME Promoter.

Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and is characterized by poor survival and high recurrence rates. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have gained considerable attention in recent years as prognostic markers and gene regulators in various cancers. Here, we found that lncHEIH was upregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines and positively correlated with high expression levels of EZH2.

Using nomograms to predict prognostic factors in young colorectal mucinous and signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma patients.

Due to insufficient quantitative evaluation of the clinic-pathological features and prognosis of young colorectal cancer (CRC) with mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) and signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRC), the aim of our study was to develop a nomogram to identify the prognostic predictors for overall survival (OS) in this patient population. We retrospectively evaluated the patient records of MAC and SRC patients aged ≤ 40 years. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank testing were performed to estimate OS.

Prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill Chinese patients: a randomized, double-blind study evaluating esomeprazole and cimetidine.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of esomeprazole in preventing upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in critically ill Chinese patients, using cimetidine as an active comparator.

Methods: A pre-specified non-inferiority limit (5%) was used to compare rates of significant upper GI bleeding in this randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, phase 3 study across 27 intensive care units in China. Secondary endpoints included safety and tolerability measures.

Development of a mouse model of arecoline-induced oral mucosal fibrosis.

Objective: To develop a BALB/c mouse model of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) induced by arecoline and to exhibit an accumulation of collagen and angiogenesis changes.

Methods: BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to either the control (distilled water) or experimental group (arecoline) (n = 40). Eight mice from each group were sacrificed every 4 weeks since 8 weeks post treatment.

Prevention of ultraviolet radiation‑induced immunosuppression by sunscreen in Candida albicans‑induced delayed‑type hypersensitivity.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced immunosuppression leading to skin cancer has received increased attention in previous years. The present study aimed to investigate the immunoprotection offered by Anthelios sunscreen in a mouse model of Candida albicans‑induced delayed‑type hypersensitivity. Anthelios sunscreen was applied to the skin on the dorsal skin of BALB/c mice treated with a sub‑erythema dose of solar‑simulated radiation.

Expression of TRPM8 in diabetic rats and its relationship with visceral pain stimulation.

Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 8 (TRPM8) is a nonselective cation channel and a candidate for cold sensation signaling, but the relationship between TRPM8 and diabetes remains unclear. In the present study, we determined the expression levels of TRPM8 messenger RNA (mRNA) and the levels of the TRPM8 protein in the bladder tissue of diabetic rats. We also investigated the correlation between TRPM8 expression and the visceral pain stimulation-related factor, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in diabetic rats.

[Effects of body mass index and serum inflammatory cytokines on asthma control in children with asthma].

Objective: To explore the effects of body mass index (BMI) and the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines on asthma control in children with asthma.

Methods: One hundred and sixteen children with asthma were divided into three groups: normal (n=59), thin (n=31), and obesity (n=26) based on their BMI. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined using ELISA, and the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was measured by immunoturbidimetric assays.

A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase II trial of Allisartan Isoproxil in essential hypertensive population at low-medium risk.

Background: Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) is a well-tolerated class of antihypertensive agents, exhibiting effective antihypertensive and cardiovascular protective function. The objective of the study was to examine the efficacy and safety of Allisartan Isoproxil, a newly developed, selective, nonpeptide blocker of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), in essential hypertensive patients at low-medium risk.

Methods And Findings: A Phase II prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial comparing Allisartan Isoproxil 240mg versus placebo was conducted in essential hypertensive patients at low-medium risk at 8 sites in China.