The paradoxical effects of professional stereotypes on the quality of care by interprofessional teams: The contingent effects of team faultlines, team stereotypes, and championship behaviors.

Background: Despite calls for interprofessional teamwork to ensure quality care in healthcare settings, interprofessional teams do not always perform effectively. There is evidence that professional stereotypes inhibit effective interprofessional teamwork, but they haven't been explored as a phenomenon that impacts team's performance and quality of care.

Objectives: To focus on professional stereotypes emerging in interprofessional teams and examine the contingency effects of interprofessional team's faultlines, professional stereotypes, and leader's championship behaviors on team's quality of care.

Exploring relationships between physician stress, burnout, and diagnostic elements in clinician notes.

Objectives: To understand the relationship between stressful work environments and patient care by assessing work conditions, burnout, and elements of the diagnostic process.

Methods: Notes and transcripts of audiotaped encounters were assessed for verbal and written documentation related to psychosocial data, differential diagnosis, acknowledgement of uncertainty, and other diagnosis-relevant contextual elements using 5-point Likert scales in seven primary care physicians (PCPs) and 28 patients in urgent care settings. Encounter time spent vs time needed (time pressure) was collected from time stamps and clinician surveys.

A cortical biomarker of audibility and processing efficacy in children with single-sided deafness using a cochlear implant.

The goals of the current study were to evaluate audibility and cortical speech processing, and to provide insight into binaural processing in children with single-sided deafness (CHwSSD) using a cochlear implant (CI). The P1 potential to acoustically-presented speech stimuli (/m/, /g/, /t/) was recorded during monaural [Normal hearing (NH), CI], and bilateral (BIL, NH + CI) listening conditions within a clinical setting in 22 CHwSSD (mean age at CI/testing 4.7, 5.

Choice behavior in autistic adults: What drives the extreme switching phenomenon?

Background: Previous studies reported that autistic adolescents and adults tend to exhibit extensive choice switching in repeated experiential tasks. However, a recent meta-analysis showed that this switching effect was non-significant across studies. Furthermore, the relevant psychological mechanisms remain unclear.

Assessing the Assessment-Developing and Deploying a Novel Tool for Evaluating Clinical Notes' Diagnostic Assessment Quality.

Background: Ambulatory diagnostic errors are increasingly being recognized as an important quality and safety issue, and while measures of diagnostic quality have been sought, tools to evaluate diagnostic assessments in the medical record are lacking.

Objective: To develop and test a tool to measure diagnostic assessment note quality in primary care urgent encounters and identify common elements and areas for improvement in diagnostic assessment.

Design: Retrospective chart review of urgent care encounters at an urban academic setting.

Vagal Nerve Activity Predicts Prognosis in Diffused Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma.

This study examined the prognostic role of vagal nerve activity in patients with relapsed/refractory diffused large B-cell lymphoma (R/R-DLBCL) treated with chimeric antigen receptor cell therapy (CAR-T) and in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) undergoing an autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AutoHCT). Participants included 29 patients with R/R-DLBCL and 37 patients with MM. Inclusion criteria were: (1) age over 18; (2) diagnosed with DLBCL or MM; (3) being treated with CAR-T or AutoHCT; and (4) having an ECG prior to cell transfusion.

Prenatal detection of gastrointestinal bubbles since early pregnancy: Clues to correct diagnosis.

Objective: To characterize gastrointestinal bubbles detected since early pregnancy and to describe corresponding diagnoses.

Method: A retrospective cohort review of all cases in which gastrointestinal bubbles were detected starting in early prenatal transvaginal scans at 14-17 weeks of gestation between the years 2007 and 2021. Sonographic features and data regarding associated anomalies, genetic abnormalities, and pregnancy outcome were evaluated.

The concept analysis of parent-infant bonding during pregnancy and infancy: a systematic review and meta-synthesis.

Introduction: Despite the emerging body of literature on mother-to-infant bonding and the associated variables, there are various definitions of bonding construct. Also, there is a lack of a comprehensive conceptual framework of antecedents and consequences of bonding that would guide empirical work.

Objective: Aim of the study was to provide a systematic review and synthesis of concept analysis studies on maternal-foetal, mother-infant, or father-infant bonding.

The promising prognostic value of vagal nerve activity at the initial management of ovarian cancer.

Objective: Identifying new modifiable prognostic markers is important for ovarian cancer (OC). Low parasympathic activity is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and sympathetic nervous system activation. Previous studies reported that low vagal nerve activity, measured by low heart rate variability (HRV), may predict poor cancer prognosis.

Spatio-Temporal Calibration of Multiple Kinect Cameras Using 3D Human Pose.

RGB and depth cameras are extensively used for the 3D tracking of human pose and motion. Typically, these cameras calculate a set of 3D points representing the human body as a skeletal structure. The tracking capabilities of a single camera are often affected by noise and inaccuracies due to occluded body parts.

The rise and fall of mandrake in medicine.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Mandrake (Mandragora sp.) is one of the most famous medicinal plants. It has been in continuous medical use throughout written history and is still in use today in popular medicine.

Pharmacists' role in detection and evaluation of adverse drug reactions: Developing proactive systems for pharmacosurveillance.

Purpose: To identify current challenges in detection of medication-related symptoms, and review technology-based opportunities to increase the patient-centeredness of postmarketing pharmacosurveillance to promote more accountable, safer, patient-friendly, and equitable medication prescribing.

Summary: Pharmacists have an important role to play in detection and evaluation of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The pharmacist's role in medication management should extend beyond simply dispensing drugs, and this article delineates the rationale and proactive approaches for pharmacist detection and assessment of ADRs.

The CC-NB-LRR protein BSR1 from Brachypodium confers resistance to Barley stripe mosaic virus in gramineous plants by recognising TGB1 movement protein.

Although some nucleotide binding, leucine-rich repeat immune receptor (NLR) proteins conferring resistance to specific viruses have been identified in dicot plants, NLR proteins involved in viral resistance have not been described in monocots. We have used map-based cloning to isolate the CC-NB-LRR (CNL) Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) resistance gene barley stripe resistance 1 (BSR1) from Brachypodium distachyon Bd3-1 inbred line. Stable BSR1 transgenic Brachypodium line Bd21-3, barley (Golden Promise) and wheat (Kenong 199) plants developed resistance against BSMV ND18 strain.

Revisiting Sequential Information Bottleneck: New Implementation and Evaluation.

We introduce a modern, optimized, and publicly available implementation of the sequential Information Bottleneck clustering algorithm, which strikes a highly competitive balance between clustering quality and speed. We describe a set of optimizations that make the algorithm computation more efficient, particularly for the common case of sparse data representation. The results are substantiated by an extensive evaluation that compares the algorithm to commonly used alternatives, focusing on the practically important use case of text clustering.

Improving diagnosis: adding context to cognition.

Background: The environment in which clinicians provide care and think about their patients is a crucial and undervalued component of the diagnostic process.

Content: In this paper, we propose a new conceptual model that links work conditions to clinician responses such as stress and burnout, which in turn impacts the quality of the diagnostic process and finally patient diagnostic outcomes. The mechanism for these interactions critically depends on the relationship between working memory (WM) and long-term memory (LTM), and ways WM and LTM interactions are affected by working conditions.

Would victims blame victims? Effects of ostracism, sexual objectification, and empathy on victim blaming.

In the current research, we examined whether ostracism and sexual objectification affect the tendency to blame the victim of sexual harassment. Previous research concerning victim blame examined the attribution of blame considering the characteristics of the victim, the perpetrator, and the relation between them. However, no research to date examined whether situational factors of the perceiver can affect their perception and judgment of blame.

Cecal Microbial Hydrogen Cycling Potential Is Linked to Feed Efficiency Phenotypes in Chickens.

In chickens, early life exposure to environmental microbes has long-lasting impacts on gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome development and host health and growth, via mechanisms that remain uncharacterized. In this study, we demonstrated that administrating a fecal microbiome transplant (FMT) from adults to day-of-hatch chicks results in significantly higher body mass of birds and decreased residual feed intake (RFI), implying enhanced feed efficiency, at 6 weeks of age. To assess the potential mechanisms through which FMT affects adult bird phenotype, we combined 16 S rRNA gene amplification, metagenomic, and comparative genomic approaches to survey the composition and predicted activities of the resident microbiome of various GI tract segments.

Inequities in Mental Health Care Quality and Clinical Outcomes Among Inpatients with Depression Within a Tax-Financed Universal Health Care System.

Purpose: The objective was to examine potential socioeconomic inequities in guideline recommended quality of care as well as several clinical outcomes among first-time inpatients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in a tax-financed universal health care system.

Patients And Methods: A nationwide cohort study was performed based on individual-level record linkage of public registers in Denmark. The study included all adult incident inpatients with MDD at Danish psychiatric hospitals in the period 2011-2017 (n=10,949).

The protective effect of aspirin-induced temporary threshold shift in an animal model of cisplatin-related ototoxicity.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether induction of temporary threshold shift (TTS) with aspirin prior to cisplatin exposure can prevent or minimize cisplatin detrimental effects on hearing.

Methods: We randomly divided BALB mice into three groups: (1) cisplatin only, (2) aspirin only, and (3) combined aspirin/cisplatin. Cisplatin was administered as a single intraperitoneal injection of 14 mg/kg.

Vaccine Coverage Associated With Ending a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Wave: A Retrospective Longitudinal Analysis.

Background: Two SARS-CoV-2 waves in Israel ended while a substantial number of individuals remained unvaccinated or partially vaccinated. The indirect protective effect of the first BNT162b2 vaccination campaign in Israel was evaluated between 22 December 2020 and 18 May 2021.

Methods: The daily percentage of new polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases among unvaccinated individuals was analyzed for trends.