Use of rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) for in vitro evaluation of anti-rabies activity.

Even in the twenty-first century, rabies remains one of the most dreaded diseases in many parts of the world. An effective chemotherapeutic still remains elusive. The present study was aimed at in vitro evaluation of crude extracts of and for their potential anti-rabies activity based on the principle of immunofluorescence.

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by spp. isolated from effluent of an electroplating industry.

The aim of this study was to isolate and screen bacteria from soil and effluent of electroplating industries for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and characterize the potential isolate. Soil and effluent of electroplating industries from Mumbai were screened for bacteria capable of synthesizing silver nanoparticles. From two soils and eight effluent samples 20 bacterial isolates were obtained, of these, one was found to synthesize silver nanoparticles.

Antileishmanial potential of fused 5-(pyrazin-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols: Synthesis, biological evaluations and computational studies.

A series of newer 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol derivatives 5(a-m) and 6(a-i) containing a triazole fused with pyrazine moiety of pharmacological significance have been synthesized. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antileishmanial and antioxidant activities. Compounds 5f (IC=79.

Keratitis by a rare pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides: A case report.

Colletotrichum species have been reported infrequently as the cause of keratitis or subcutaneous lesions. The patient we describe developed keratitis after ocular trauma. The sample from the corneal scrapings grew Colletotrichum gloeosporioides as identified from morphological characters and DNA sequence of the 'Internal Transcribed Spacer' (ITS) region.

Genetic Characterization of Influenza A (H1N1) Pandemic 2009 Virus Isolates from Mumbai.

Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus was first detected in India in May 2009 which subsequently became endemic in many parts of the country. Influenza A viruses have the ability to evade the immune response through its ability of antigenic variations. The study aims to characterize influenza A (H1N1) pdm 09 viruses circulating in Mumbai during the pandemic and post-pandemic period.

Differential proteomic analysis of respiratory samples from patients suffering from influenza.

The exact molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of influenza are yet unclear. In the present study we investigated the upper respiratory proteome in influenza patients. 200 nasal and throat swab samples were collected from patients suffering from acute respiratory illness.

Evaluation of Hiaureus Coagulase Confirmation Kit in Identification of .

Introduction: is a facultative anaerobic Gram positive coccal bacterium whose incidence ranges to different infections. It is a cause of various uncomplicated skin infections, abscesses, septicaemia/bacteraemia, gastroenteritis, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome and food intoxications. Various methods with varied time, sensitivities, specificities and costs are available, but may not be used as a reliable test for the identification and differentiation of .

Neutralizing Antibody Response and Efficacy of Novel Recombinant Tetravalent Dengue DNA Vaccine Comprising Envelope Domain III in Mice.

Background: Dengue is a global arboviral threat to humans; causing 390 million infections per year. The availability of safe and effective tetravalent dengue vaccine is a global requirement to prevent epidemics, morbidity, and mortality associated with it.

Methods: Five experimental groups (6 mice per group) each of 5-week-old BALB/c mice were immunized with vaccine and placebo (empty plasmid) (100 µg, i.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Confers Neuroprotection in a Murine Model of Japanese Encephalitis.

Objective: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a debilitating disease caused by infection with the JE virus (JEV; family: Flaviviridae), which leaves neurological sequelae in survivors but more often leads to mortality. Neurodegeneration caused by inflammation is the primary pathology behind the clinical manifestation of encephalitis caused by JEV. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been used in immunoprophylaxis for tuberculosis and in the adjuvant therapy of many malignancies, and has exhibited neuroprotective activities in experimental models of Parkinson and Alzheimer disease.

Genomic characterization of two new enterovirus types, EV-A114 and EV-A121.

Enteroviruses cause a variety of illnesses of the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system and cardiovascular system. Phylogenetic analysis of VP1 sequences has identified 106 different human enteroviruses classified into four enterovirus species within the genus Enterovirus of the family Picornaviridae. It is likely that not all enterovirus types have been discovered.

Evaluation of Antiviral Activity of Linn. Against Rabies Virus.

Objective: The soxhlet and cold extracts of Linn. were evaluated for antirabies activity.

Materials And Methods: Soxhlet and cold extraction method were used to extract Datura (fruit and seed) extracts.

Preparation, standardization and in vitro safety testing of Mycobacterium nosodes (Emtact- polyvalent nosode).

Background: Most of the nosodes in the homeopathic pharmacopeia have been sourced from obscure pathological material over a century ago; of which no scientific documentation is available.

Method: A method for preparation and standardization of univalent and polyvalent Mycobacterium nosodes (labeled as Emtact), using different strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was developed. The committee comprising microbiologists, scientist, pharmacist, homeopaths and clinicians had reviewed and approved the method of preparation of nosode.

Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activity of Datura metel Linn. and Cynodon dactylon Linn. Extracts.

Aim: To evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity of Datura metel L. and Cynodon dactylon L. extracts.

Assessment of Anti-Influenza Activity and Hemagglutination Inhibition of Plumbago indica and Allium sativum Extracts.

Background: Human influenza is a seasonal disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Anti-flu ayurvedic/herbal medicines have played a significant role in fighting the virus pandemic. Plumbagin and allicin are commonly used ingredients in many therapeutic remedies, either alone or in conjunction with other natural substances.

Seroprevalence of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Antibodies in College Students in Mumbai, India.

Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) are vaccine preventable viral infections, which cause significant mortality and morbidity globally. Increased incidence rates of these infectious diseases are observed in young adults. Information on seroprevalence data on MMR in India is limited.

Pathway Analysis of Proteomics Profiles in Rabies Infection: Towards Future Biomarkers?

Rabies is a zoonotic viral disease that invariably leads to fatal encephalitis, which can be prevented provided post-exposure prophylaxis is initiated timely. Ante-mortem diagnostic tests are inconclusive, and rabies is nontreatable once the clinical signs appear. A large number of host factors are responsible for the altered neuronal functions observed in rabies; however their precise role remains uninvestigated.

Molecular characterization of nucleoprotein gene of rabies virus from Maharashtra, India.

Context: Rabies poses a serious public health concern in developing countries such as India.

Aims: The study focuses on molecular diagnosis of street rabies virus (RABV) from human clinical specimens received from Maharashtra, India.

Materials And Methods: Nucleoprotein gene from eight (of total 20 suspected samples) rabies cases that tested positive for rabies antigen using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were sequenced.

Need for Triggering of Homeostasis to Repair Irreversible Tissue Degeneration by Stem Cells through Innate and Invasive Regeneration Processes.

The regeneration patterns are innate, inherited and evolutionarily conserved mechanisms. In every individual there are certain cells and signaling networks which work together to proliferate the desired tissue lineages to replace the dead, lost and injured counter parts. This homeostasis mechanism keeps functioning of the organ system intact.

Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells in Spinal Cord Injury.

Introduction: Spinal cord injury is a traumatic neurological condition which makes the patient disable. Its management still remains challenging but advancements in the regenerative medicine have changed the approach of treating this serious debilitating condition of the central nervous system. Cell based therapies can restore function in spinal cord injury by replacing the lost neural tissue.

Administration of Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells for Treatment of Cerebral Palsy Patients: A Proof of Concept.

Background: Stem cell therapy is a promising treatment for cerebral palsy, which refers to a category of brain diseases that are associated with chronic motor disability in children. Autologous bone marrow stem cells may be a better cell source and have been studied for the treatment of cerebral palsy because of their functions in tissue repair and the regulation of immunological processes.

Methods: To assess autologous marrow stem cells as a novel treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe cerebral palsy, a total of 10 cerebral palsy patients were enrolled in this clinical study with 24 months follow-up.

A Short Study Report on Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Cell Therapy in Ten South Asian Indian Patients with Autism.

Autism is a neural disorder presenting in the early developmental period, usually in the first 2 years of life. It is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction, restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities, and causes clinically significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. Cellular therapy is an advanced approach to treat disorders where current therapies do not offer a cure or efficient symptom relief.

Therapy with Bone Marrow-Derived Autologous Adult Stem Cells in Quadriparesis due to Motor Neuron Disease.

Objective: To report the safety and therapeutic effectiveness of application of concentrated bone marrow aspirate in three bedridden patients with weakness in both legs, and monitor potential improvement in neurological outcomes.

Design: Case report. Intervention: Five infusions of 3x10 mononuclear cells were administrated with 12 week intervals.