Patient-Reported Outcomes and Blood-Based Parameters Identify Response to Treatment in Eosinophilic Esophagitis.

Background: Noninvasive methods to assess treatment response in eosinophilic esophagitis are needed.

Aims: Our aim was to determine whether a blood-based biomarker panel centered on immune parameters could identify histologic response to treatment in eosinophilic esophagitis patients.

Methods: A pilot study involving adult patients with active eosinophilic esophagitis recruited at two Ear, Nose, Throat clinics in Sweden was designed.

[Tubal pregnancy with fetus in situ in the 17th gestational week, a case report].

An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a blastocyst implants outside the uterus cavity. It is a condition with increased morbidity and mortality for women in reproductive age. Most of the ectopic pregnancies (95.

[Orthostatic tremor - a disregarded diagnosis].

Orthostatic tremor is a rare and often neglected diagnosis with a synchronised bilateral high frequency tremor of 13-18 Hz, affecting primarily the legs and trunk muscles while standing. The patient is troubled by an intense feeling of unsteadiness. Tremor and unsteadiness diminish significantly by sitting down or starting to walk.

[Double diabetes - a metabolic challenge].

In Northern Europe, we are used to classifying diabetes as either type 1 or type 2 (with some exceptions). These exceptions include secondary diabetes (e.g.

Differentiating depression and ADHD without depression in adults with processing-speed measures.

Objective: We evaluated processing-speed and shift-cost measures in adults with depression or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and monitored the effects of treatment. We hypothesised that cognitive-speed and shift-cost measures might differentiate diagnostic groups.

Methods: Colour, form, and colour-form stimuli were used to measure naming times.

[Audit on management of seizures in six Swedish hospitals].

Six Swedish hospitals (four university hospitals and two regional hospitals) participated in a pan-European quality assurance project regarding acute management of seizures. Three hundred consecutive emergency department (ED) visits for unprovoked epileptic seizure were assessed (50 per participating hospital). Patients were generally seen by a physician in a timely manner and the quality of the medical care was good.

[ACE2 and coronavirus - a question of balance and dynamics?].

The new SARS-CoV-2 virus enters cells via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). ACE2 counteracts ACE and angiotensin II in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and has critical functions in the lung and cardiovascular system. SARS-CoV was found to down-regulate ACE2, leaving angiotensin II unbalanced in affected organs.

[Episodes with goose bumps caused by anti-LGI-1 encephalitis].

Anti-LGI-1 encephalitis is a type of autoimmune encephalopathy, where antibodies react against the cell surface protein leucine-rich glioma inactivated protein 1 (LGI-1). It presents with a subacute confusion, changes in behaviour, short-term memory deficits and seizures. A piloerectile semiology is common, which has been described as reflecting insular ictal activity.

Using trigger tools to identify triage errors by ambulance dispatch nurses in Sweden: an observational study.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess whether trigger tools were useful identifying triage errors among patients referred to non-emergency care by emergency medical dispatch nurses, and to describe the characteristics of these patients.

Design: An observational study of patients referred by dispatch nurses to non-emergency care.

Setting: Dispatch centres in two Swedish regions.

[The core of the Apple Heart Study].

Recently, the Apple Heart Study was reported. Individuals in the United States already using an Apple Watch were recruited digitally to a mass screening study on heart rhythm. The mean age of the participants was slightly above 40 years and the yield of significant arrhythmias was low.

Core Set of Radiographic Parameters for Shoulder Arthroplasty Monitoring: Criteria Defined by an International Delphi Consensus Process.

Unlabelled: Some unfavorable local events following shoulder arthroplasty occur without the patient experiencing symptoms and yet may be detected on diagnostic imaging, thereby serving as indicators of complications that may require revision. Our aim was to create a standardized protocol for an image-based monitoring process for assessing patients who are asymptomatic following shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods: A Delphi exercise was implemented with the participation of an international panel of experienced shoulder surgeons.

Quality of Care Standards in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: a European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation [ECCO] Position Paper.

The management of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] is complex, and requires tight control of disease activity, close monitoring to avoid treatment side effects, health care professionals with expertise in IBD, and an interdisciplinary, holistic approach. Despite various efforts to standardise structures, processes, and outcomes,1-8 and due to the high variability at the local, national, and international levels, there are still no clear definitions or outcome measures available to establish quality of care standards for IBD patients which are applicable in all contexts and all countries. For this reason, the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation [ECCO] supported the construction of a list of criteria summarising current standards of care in IBD.

Associated perinatal determinants of vanishing twin pregnancies achieved by in vitro fertilization vs. spontaneous conception.

Purpose: To evaluate whether vanishing twin (VT) pregnancies following spontaneous conception have a more adverse perinatal outcome than those conceived after assisted reproduction techniques.

Methods: The retrospective cohort study consisted of 316 VT pregnancies derived from a hospital database between January 1994 and January 2016 (81 after IVF/ICSI and 235 after spontaneous conception).

Results: VT was significantly more prevalent after spontaneous conception (in 22.

[Torsade de pointes following repeated massive loperamide ingestions].

The anti-diarrheal drug loperamide is a mu-opioid agonist with poor systemic bioavailability at standard doses. However, at very high doses bioavailability increases, due to saturation of P-glycoprotein and first-pass metabolism, leading both to opioid effects on the central nervous system and possible systemic side effects. There have been several reports in the literature recently regarding life-threatening cardiovascular symptoms after longstanding daily intake of massive loperamide doses.

[Better guidelines needed for mild traumatic brain injury in the primary care setting].

In Sweden, there are currently no consensus guidelines aimed at the management of patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in a primary care setting. The aim of this study was to assess the need for such guidelines by a web-based, multiple choice, case-based survey asking primary care physicians how they manage mTBI patients in the early (acute) and late (persistent symptoms) stage. The survey demonstrated a more uniform patient management pattern in the acute stage of mTBI, while it revealed a more heterogenous pattern in the later stage.

Monoamine oxidase A genotype and methylation moderate the association of maltreatment and aggressive behaviour.

Background: The association between childhood maltreatment and subsequent aggressive behaviour is modified by monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) functional polymorphism (MAOA-uVNTR) genotype, MAOA-Long (MAOA-L) in females, MAOA-Short (MAOA-S) in males. Childhood maltreatment is associated with differential DNA methylation in several genes. Consistent with recent proposals, we hypothesized that the association of the interaction of MAOA genotype and maltreatment with aggressive behaviour is further moderated by methylation of a region of interest (ROI) spanning the first exon and partial first intron of MAOA.

Increased number of retinal vessels in acromegaly.

Objective: Excess of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), as in acromegaly, is associated with increased risk of diabetes, but whether retinal vessels are altered is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate retinal vessel morphology in patients with acromegaly at diagnosis and after treatment and to describe the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with long-standing acromegaly and diabetes.

Design: Two independent observational studies, one being prospective and the other retrospective and cross-sectional.

Validity of heart failure diagnoses made in 2000-2012 in western Sweden.

Aims: The aim of this study is to validate a diagnosis of heart failure (HF) according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines among patients hospitalized at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden, between 2000 and 2012.

Methods And Results: In Sweden, it is mandatory to report all hospital discharge diagnoses to the Swedish national inpatient register. In total, 27 517 patients were diagnosed with HF at the Sahlgrenska University hospital between 2000 and 2012.

Non-invasive estimation of relative pressure in turbulent flow using virtual work-energy.

Vascular pressure differences are established risk markers for a number of cardiovascular diseases. Relative pressures are, however, often driven by turbulence-induced flow fluctuations, where conventional non-invasive methods may yield inaccurate results. Recently, we proposed a novel method for non-turbulent flows, νWERP, utilizing the concept of virtual work-energy to accurately probe relative pressure through complex branching vasculature.

[Two nosocomial outbreaks of group A streptococcal puerperal sepsis].

Two minor outbreaks of puerperal sepsis in two different hospitals are presented. In four (out of totally five) cases nosocomial transmission of group A streptococci (GAS) from health care workers to patients was likely to have occurred, based on epidemiological links and microbiological typing results. This is a reminder of the importance of careful adherence to standard precautions, but also illustrates the difficulties in keeping up good results over time.