Increasing robustness of assay for immnosuppressive effect of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells: The role of inflammatory cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Introduction: The Quality by Design (QbD) approach for developing cell therapy products using mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) is a promising method for designing manufacturing processes to improve the quality of MSC products. It is crucial to ensure the reproducibility and robustness of the test system for evaluating critical quality attributes (CQAs) in the QbD approach for manufacturing of pharmaceutical products. In this study, we explored the key factors involved in establishing a robust evaluation system for the immunosuppressive effect of MSCs, which can be an example of a CQA in developing and manufacturing therapeutic MSCs for treating graft-versus-host disease, , and we have identified method attributes to increase the robustness of a simple assay to assess the immunosuppressive effects of MSCs.

Multiplex basophil activation tests for allergy diagnosis: present and future applications.

The basophil activation test (BAT) has become a major cellular test for evaluating the allergenic activity of specific IgEs. The impact of the BAT is due to the ability of blood basophil granulocytes to present IgE on the high-affinity FcRI receptor and to mirror the mast cell response that elicits an acute allergic reaction. The BAT proved to be able to identify allergic patients at risk of reacting to a low dose of the allergen and/or developing life-threatening reactions and thus can significantly improve the current management of allergic patients.

hsa-miR-548d-3p: a potential microRNA to target nucleocapsid and/or capsid genes in multiple members of the Flaviviridae family.

Introduction: Flaviviridae comprise a group of enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses that are mainly transmitted through either mosquitoes or tick bites and/or contaminated blood, blood products, or other body secretions. These viruses cause diseases ranging from mild to severe and are considered important human pathogens. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding molecules involved in growth, development, cell proliferation, protein synthesis, apoptosis, and pathogenesis.

Evaluation of acute plant toxicity, antioxidant activity, molecular docking and bioactive compounds of lemongrass oil isolated from Omani cultivar.

Lemongrass (Poaceae) is one of the aromatic plants with strong odors. Traditionally, lemon grass oil has been used for the treatment of many diseases such as gastrointestinal cramps, high blood pressure, high body temperatures, and fatigue, and is also considered an antibacterial and anti-diarrheal agent. Therefore, this study aims to investigate volatile active constituents and a few important biological activities of the volatile oil of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) grown in Oman.

Cerebral blood flow following successful living kidney transplantation: the VINTAGE study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. However, there is limited research on how successful living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) affects cerebral blood flow (CBF). This study aims to comprehensively investigate how LDKT influences CBF across various brain levels and regions.

Vascular Effects of Botulinum Toxin in Human Skin.

Botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) is widely used for aesthetic purposes and is recognized for its vasomotor actions. However, new medical applications have emerged. This study aims to describe the effect of BTX-A on human skin perfusion, particularly vessel diameter, blood flow, and blood vessel density in regions with known low vessel density.

Prepartum skeletal muscle reserves and branched-chain volatile fatty acid supplementation have minimal effects in response to intravenous glucose tolerance tests in periparturient dairy cattle.

Periparturient dairy cows experience metabolic adaptations to prepare for increased nutrient requirements of the fetus and the onset of lactation. Adaptations include increased peripheral tissue insulin resistance, which can be evaluated experimentally using intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT). The objective of this study was to determine if prepartum skeletal muscle reserves and supplementation of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA) in the prepartum period affected blood glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and insulin concentrations 2 wk prepartum and 1 wk postpartum utilizing an IVGTT.

Increased expression of interferon-stimulated gene 15 () in cervical cells on day 14 of pregnancy in Holstein heifers.

In cattle, expression of IFN-stimulated genes in the female reproductive tract has been reported as an early pregnancy diagnostic tool, as early as d 17 of pregnancy. The hypothesis of this study was that expression of in the cervix of pregnant heifers is increased on d 14 of pregnancy. The objective was to compare the expression of in cervical cells between pregnant and cyclic heifers (control, sham-inseminated) on d 14, 16, and 18 after insemination (d 0).

Effect of weaning strategies on biosynthesis of oxylipids in Holstein dairy calves.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the weaning calves at 2 ages (early vs. late) and 2 weaning paces (abrupt over 3 d vs. gradual over 14 d) on plasma oxylipids.

Temporal patterns of liver and adipose lipase abundance across the periparturient period in multiparous Holstein dairy cows.

Lipases such as patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) exist in multiple tissue types. In subcutaneous adipose tissue, PNPLA3 was not altered during the periparturient period. Conversely, strong associations between liver PNPLA3 and liver triglyceride content peripartum were identified and confirmed to be causative using knockdown approaches in a primary bovine hepatocyte model.

Estimated breeding values of dairy sires for cow colostrum and transfer of passive immunity traits.

The objective of this study was to derive the estimated breeding values (EBVs) of Holstein sires for colostrum and passive transfer of immunity traits to (1) estimate the genetic association between these new traits and established production, conformation, and function, and (2) explore whether sires can be classified in specific profiles regarding the new traits. For cow colostrum traits, the study included 699 daughters of 67 sires from 6 commercial dairy herds. The number of daughters per sire ranged from 5 to 49.

Oxylipin dynamics in dairy cows during clinical ketosis and after treatment with niacin and flunixin meglumine.

Dairy cows with clinical ketosis (CK) exhibit metabolic changes, including intense adipose tissue (AT) lipolysis and systemic insulin resistance, that increase plasma BHB and free fatty acids (FFA). Cows with CK also have systemic inflammation, predisposing them to inflammatory and infectious diseases. This inflammatory process is modulated in part by oxidized fatty acids (oxylipins) that regulate all aspects of inflammation.

Stem cell status and prognostic applications of cuproptosis-associated lncRNAs in acute myeloid leukemia.

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a highly heterogeneous hematological malignancy, remains a major challenge in adult oncology. Stem cell research has highlighted the crucial role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in regulating cellular differentiation and self-renewal processes, which are pivotal in AML pathogenesis and therapy resistance.

Methods: This study explores the relationship between cuproptosis-related lncRNAs and AML prognosis, providing novel insights into their impact on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.

Self-healable and pH-responsive spermidine/ferrous ion complexed hydrogel Co-loaded with CA inhibitor and glucose oxidase for combined cancer immunotherapy through triple ferroptosis mechanism.

Tumor microenvironment governs various therapeutic tolerability of cancer such as ferroptosis and immunotherapy through rewiring tumor metabolic reprogramming like Warburg metabolism. Highly expressed carbonic anhydrases (CA) in tumor that maintaining the delicate metabolic homeostasis is thus the most potential target to be modulated to resolve the therapeutic tolerability. Hence, in this article, a self-healable and pH-responsive spermidine/ferrous ion hydrogel loaded with CA inhibitor (acetazolamide, ACZ) and glucose oxidase (ACZ/GOx@SPM-HA Gel) was fabricated through the Schiff-base reaction between spermidine-dextran and oxidized hyaluronic acid, along with ferrous coordination.

Graphene oxide scaffolds promote functional improvements mediated by scaffold-invading axons in thoracic transected rats.

Millions of patients and their caretakers live and deal with the devastating consequences of spinal cord injury (SCI) worldwide. Despite outstanding advances in the field to both understand and tackle these pathologies, a cure for SCI patients, with their peculiar characteristics, is still a mirage. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies to date for these patients involves the use of epidural electrical stimulation.

Histopathological characterization of skin and muscle lesions induced by lionfish () venom in a murine experimental model.

Background: Fish venoms have been poorly characterized and the available information about their composition suggests they are uncomplicated secretions that, combined with epidermal mucus, could induce an inflammatory reaction, excruciating pain, and, in some cases, local tissue injuries.

Methods: In this study, we characterized the 24-hour histopathological effects of lionfish venom in a mouse experimental model by testing the main fractions obtained by size exclusion-HPLC. By partial proteomics analysis, we also correlated these effects with the presence of some potentially toxic venom components.

Evaluation of antihistamine-refractory chronic urticaria patients who used biological agent treatment in terms of cardiovascular risk.

Introduction: The idea that chronic inflammatory processes may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of both treatment - refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria and cardiovascular diseases is an important research topic.

Aim: Within the scope of this research, we aimed to elucidate a new perspective on the follow-up of chronic urticaria patients by evaluating the 10-year cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome in resistant chronic spontaneous urticaria patients who were unresponsive to maximum antihistamine treatment.

Material And Methods: A total of 170 individuals who applied to our institution's Health Science University, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, allergy and immunology outpatient clinic have been analysed in this retrospective case-control study.

Significance of HLA-B*15 in three pemphigus patients with rituximab-triggered severe cutaneous drug reactions.

Introduction: Rituximab, a CD20 inhibitor, has swiftly become the primary treatment for pemphigus patients.

Aim: We present 3 cases of pemphigus patients who had undergone rituximab treatment.

Material And Methods: After the second intravenous administration of rituximab, the primary rash developed into severe cutaneous drug reactions.

Infants display reduced NK cell responses in RSV and increased inflammatory responses in SARS-CoV-2 infections.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection hospitalizations in infants and poses a significantly higher risk of respiratory failure than SARS-CoV-2. The mechanisms underlying these differences remain unclear. We analyzed blood samples from infants (median age 2.

Goal attainment, medication adherence and guideline adherence in the treatment of hypertension and dyslipidemia in Irish populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The appropriate treatment high blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.(LDL-C), according to clinical guidelines, reduces a patient's risk of a cardiovascular event.

Aim: This systematic review aims to evaluate the attainment of BP and LDL-C goals among the Irish population in both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, the level of adherence to prescribing guidelines by doctors and the level of medication adherence among patients.

Fibromuscular Dysplasia Clinical Phenotype Manifesting as a Distal Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection in a Middle-Aged Man.

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a non-atherosclerotic, non-inflammatory vascular disease of medium-sized arteries that causes abnormal cellular growth in arterial walls and most commonly affects young to middle-aged women (20-50 years of age). While FMD often involves the renal arteries, it can affect any arterial bed. FMD has a characteristic angiographic appearance of a "string of beads.

Spontaneous Regression of Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Following Cardiopulmonary Arrest: A Case Report.

Spontaneous regression in breast cancer is rare but can dramatically improve patient prognosis. Although the underlying mechanism is unknown, it may be due to a biological response to external invasion. An 81-year-old woman presented to our emergency department with a 600x100mm large breast mass.

Correction: Hemorrhagic Stroke in a 24-Year-Old Male With Polycythemia Vera: A Case Report and Literature Review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.76294.

Physiological effects of hand grip and cold pressor tests in young Saudi adults.

The risk of cardiovascular disease differs among various ethnic groups, highlighting disparities in cardiovascular health among different populations. While multiple studies from other countries have looked at changes in physiological parameters during autonomic function tests like isometric handgrip and cold pressor tests, no correlational research has been done in Saudi Arabia. This lacuna underscores the importance of examining the relationship between cardiorespiratory parameters in young Saudi Arabian individuals during these tests.

Knowledge and attitudes of health science students and medical interns at al Al-Baha University towards epistaxis first aid.

Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, is a common medical concern in emergency departments worldwide, often triggered by trauma, infections, allergies, and high blood pressure. Despite its frequency, there is limited research on the knowledge and attitudes of health-related students regarding the first aid management of epistaxis. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes toward first aid management of epistaxis among health-related specialty students at Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia.