5,740 results match your criteria: "Hadassah-Hebrew-University Medical Center[Affiliation]"

Background: Delirium, an acute brain dysfunction, is proposed to be highly prevalent in clinical care and shown to significantly increase the risk of mortality and dementia.

Objectives: To report on the global prevalence of clinically documented delirium and delirium-related clinical practices in wards caring for paediatric and adult patients in healthcare facilities.

Design: A prospective, cross-sectional, 39-question survey completed on World Delirium Awareness Day, 15 March 2023.

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Inferring DNA methylation in non-skeletal tissues of ancient specimens.

Nat Ecol Evol

January 2025

Department of Genetics, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.

Genome-wide premortem DNA methylation patterns can be computationally reconstructed from high-coverage DNA sequences of ancient samples. Because DNA methylation is more conserved across species than across tissues, and ancient DNA is typically extracted from bones and teeth, previous works utilizing ancient DNA methylation maps focused on studying evolutionary changes in the skeletal system. Here we suggest that DNA methylation patterns in one tissue may, under certain conditions, be informative on DNA methylation patterns in other tissues of the same individual.

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Interventional Oncology Meets Immuno-oncology: Combination Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Radiology

November 2024

From the Departments of Radiology (R.B., J.C.) and Digestive Diseases (Hepatology) (J.C.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill (R.S.); Department of Medical Oncology, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (R.F.); Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (T.F.G.); Department of Radiology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel (S.N.G.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 789 Howard Ave, Clinic Bldg 363H, New Haven, CT 06520 (J.C.).

The management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is undergoing transformational changes due to the emergence of various novel immunotherapies and their combination with image-guided locoregional therapies. In this setting, immunotherapy is expected to become one of the standards of care in both neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings across all disease stages of HCC. Currently, more than 50 ongoing prospective clinical trials are investigating various end points for the combination of immunotherapy with both percutaneous and catheter-directed therapies.

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NIMO-TEMPO is a metrology device that measures all types of intraocular lenses available in the ophthalmic market. Its technology, based on interferometry, captures the wavefront of the lens to compute optical results essential to evaluate its quality and understand its characteristics. This study aims to demonstrate the reliability of this device and its associated software, TEMPO-MENTOR, in measuring intraocular lenses.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study compares the optical performance of three types of monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs): spherical, aberration-neutral, and aberration-correcting models.
  • It uses a comprehensive approach by analyzing various corneal models and pupil sizes to account for differences in corneal spherical aberrations (SA) and pupil sizes commonly seen in both normal eyes and those post-refractive surgery.
  • Results show that pupil size and corneal SA significantly impact lens performance metrics like MTFmax (contrast at best focus), depth of focus, and refractive error tolerance, which vary based on the type of IOL used.
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The genetic landscape of Lynch syndrome in the Israeli population.

Fam Cancer

November 2024

Recanati Genetics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Deciphering the spectrum and founder disease-causing variants (DCVs) in specific populations can shape and facilitate the diagnostic process of Lynch Syndrome (LS). The aim of this report was to comprehensively update on the genetic landscape of LS in the ethnically diverse Israeli-Jewish population. The cohort included 1080 carriers from 588 families; some from underrepresented, understudied Israeli ethnic groups recruited from 8 genetic institutes and high-risk clinics throughout the country.

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Advances in the restoration of CFTR in children and pwCF with "mild disease".

Pediatr Pulmonol

November 2024

Pediatric Pulmonology Unit and Cystic fibrosis Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.

Article Synopsis
  • Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the lungs, leading to significant health issues and shortened life expectancy.
  • Despite improvements in treatment, lung function tends to decline due to early inflammation and infections, especially from pseudomonas bacteria.
  • Current treatments aim at nutrition, airway clearance, and infection control, but CFTR modulators target the underlying genetic issue, improving lung function and potentially changing the disease's progression when started early.
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Taxanes and platinum molecules, specifically paclitaxel and carboplatin, are widely used anticancer drugs that induce cell death and serve as first-line chemotherapy for various cancer types. Despite the efficient effect of both drugs on cancer cell proliferation, many tumours have innate resistance against paclitaxel and carboplatin, which leads to inefficient treatment and poor survival rates. Haploid human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are a novel and robust platform for genetic screening.

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Purpose: To investigate the clinical and biometric features of pediatric eyes with extreme hyperopia and report baseline biometric values.

Methods: In this prospective case-control study, the biometric parameters of eyes in children with extreme hyperopia were compared to those of an emmetropic cohort of similar age. Comprehensive eye examinations were conducted for new patients.

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Proceedings from an international consensus meeting on ablation in urogenital diseases.

Insights Imaging

November 2024

Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Percutaneous image-guided ablation techniques are a consolidated therapeutic alternative for patients with high preoperative surgical risk for the management of oncological diseases in multiple body districts. Each technique has both pros and cons according to the type of energy delivered, mechanism of action, and site of application. The present article reviews the most recent literature results on ablation techniques applied in the field of genitourinary diseases (kidney, adrenal glands, prostate, and uterus), describing the advantages of the use of each technique and their technical limitations and summarizing the major recommendations from an international consensus meeting.

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The multifaceted roles of red blood cells in health and disease.

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol

December 2024

Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Essen Medical School, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Essen, Germany.

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Objectives: Psychological stress has been suggested as a contributory factor in the onset and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). The 7 October 2023 terrorist attacks in Israel caused significant psychological stress, providing a unique context to study its impact on MS activity. This study aims to assess the impact of war-related psychological stress on MS activity using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and clinical follow-up.

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Background: Considering the global shortage of nurses, leaders in the field must understand the strengths and weaknesses of various nursing specialties in order to retain professionals within the field. Occupational prestige reflects the perceived contribution of an occupation 'to society', and measures its desirability, benefit and values. Understanding how experienced nurses view the prestige of nursing specialties may help to explain why some specialties are more desirable than others.

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Background: Evaluating expiratory airway function in infants is challenging because the criterion standard, the raised-volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique, is technically difficult and has a high failure rate.

Research Question: Are measurements obtained during passive expiration from total lung capacity correlated with forced expiration measurements obtained by the raised-volume technique in infants?

Study Design And Methods: This observational retrospective analysis included infants born ≥ 36 weeks' gestation who underwent pulmonary function testing using the raised-volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique at Hadassah Medical Centre between January 2011 and December 2019. Technically acceptable forced and passive flow-volume curve measurements were included in the analysis.

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Article Synopsis
  • - This study explores how machine learning can predict whether individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) will return to work one year after their injury, using data collected from 586 hospitalized patients across Europe.
  • - By analyzing hospital stay and follow-up data, the researchers found that including follow-up information significantly improved prediction accuracy, going from around 81% to 88%.
  • - The final model, which included five key predictors, achieved 90% accuracy and can help clinicians set realistic goals and tailor interventions for TBI patients, enhancing their chances of returning to work.
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High rates of Dientamoeba fragilis and Blastocystis species in children's stool but minor clinical significance.

J Infect

December 2024

Head Office, Medical Division, Meuhedet Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Article Synopsis
  • The study focused on understanding the prevalence and clinical implications of Dientamoeba fragilis (DF) and Blastocystis (Bs) in the stool samples of children under 18 years old.
  • Out of 36,008 children tested, 32.5% had DF and 7.9% had Bs, but these infections didn't lead to significantly more health issues compared to those with negative results, except for some abdominal pain in DF-positive cases.
  • The findings suggest that while DF and Bs are common in children's stool, they likely have limited clinical importance, especially when compared to known pathogenic microorganisms.
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Background: Acute intracranial occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) can be distinguished into (a) occlusion of the terminal ICA, involving the proximal segments of the middle or anterior cerebral artery (ICA-L/-T) and (b) non-terminal intracranial occlusions of the ICA with patent circle of Willis (ICA-I). While patients with ICA-L/-T occlusion were included in all randomized controlled trials on endovascular therapy (EVT) in anterior large vessel occlusion, data on EVT in ICA-I occlusion is scarce. We thus aimed to evaluate effectiveness and safety of EVT in ICA-I occlusions in comparison to ICA-L/-T occlusions.

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Cellular plasticity is enhanced by dedifferentiation processes such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The dynamic and transient nature of EMT-like processes challenges the investigation of cell plasticity in patient-derived breast cancer models. Here, we utilized patient-derived organoids (PDOs) as a model to study the susceptibility of primary breast cancer cells to EMT.

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Reducing PTSD in mass medical events: An immediate preventive intervention.

Psychiatry Res

December 2024

Prof. Avraham Rivkind, Department of General Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.

A preventive approach to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) through an Immediate Psycho-Trauma Intervention (IPTI) may significantly reduce PTSD likelihood and provide a cost-effective way to alleviate suffering. This mixed-method study 1) compared medics who received an IPTI to those who did not after a mass medical event, 2) compared the number medics diagnosed with PTSD from the IPTI group to the minimum number in similar cases reported in the literature. The results indicated that 1.

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The lifespan and kinetics of human dendritic cell subsets and their precursors in health and inflammation.

J Exp Med

November 2024

The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.

Article Synopsis
  • Dendritic cells (DC) are essential immune cells that connect the body's innate and adaptive immune responses, with two main types: plasmacytoid DC (pDC) and conventional DC (cDC).
  • Research using in vivo deuterium-glucose labeling revealed that a specific subset of cDC known as AXL+ Siglec6+ DC (ASDC) circulates in the bloodstream for about 2.16 days, while other cDC types have slightly shorter lifespans.
  • The study also showed that ASDC are quickly recruited to inflamed areas, highlighting their role in managing immune responses during inflammation and suggesting new insights into the behavior of different DC subsets.
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Article Synopsis
  • * The study found that caloric restriction leads to global DNA hypomethylation in nephron progenitor cells, with changes in specific regions that affect gene expression related to kidney development.
  • * Supplementing with methionine can restore DNA methylation patterns, highlighting its importance in regulating epigenetics and underscoring the long-term consequences of maternal nutrition on kidney health.
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2nd Familial Mediterranean Fever Meeting.

Clin Exp Rheumatol

October 2024

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.

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Article Synopsis
  • Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (NTOS) is caused by dynamic compression of the brachial plexus, with this study examining the link between a specific muscle deformity (CDAS) seen in MRI and vascular compression found during surgery.
  • The study analyzed 44 patients who underwent surgery after failed rehabilitation, identifying two main types of NTOS: pure neurogenic (type A) and mixed neurogenic-vascular (type B), with type B further divided into three subtypes based on the nature of vascular compression.
  • Findings showed that CDAS was more frequently associated with mixed types (especially type B1) and that patients with vascular variants exhibited more significant symptoms related to nerve compression compared to those with pure neurogenic NT
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Article Synopsis
  • The study explored whether non-syndromic connective tissue hyperlaxity is linked to myopia in adolescents, using conditions like hernias and scoliosis as indicators of tissue hyperlaxity.
  • Over 920,000 adolescents were analyzed, with 31.6% diagnosed with myopia; those with myopia exhibited higher rates of hernias (2.76%), pes planus (14.92%), and scoliosis (9.14%) compared to non-myopic peers.
  • Findings suggest that myopic adolescents may have a greater tendency toward conditions associated with tissue laxity, indicating a possible systemic link between myopia and hyperlaxity.
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