The Active Tumor Vaccination in Combination With CDK4/6 Inhibitor Treatment: A Case Report.

Background: Current standard treatment for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) involves cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors with endocrine therapy, showing potential in enhancing anti-tumor immune responses.

Case Report: This report details a clinical case of MBC where palbociclib was co-administered with letrozole. The integration of allogeneic tumor vaccination to this treatment led to heightened interferon-γ production, expansion of CD8+ and NK cell populations, and positive delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, indicating successful development of anti-tumor immunity.

The Jerusalem tribune collapse incident: Challenges in the management of a pediatric mass casualty incident.

Objectives: Children comprise up to 30-50 percent of all disaster victims. Pediatric disaster medicine is a poorly established field, and most protocols are designed without adequate emphasis on the special needs of the pediatric population. During the 2021 Shavuot holiday in Israel, the collapse of temporary steel bleachers in a partially constructed synagogue resulted in a mass casualty incident (MCI) with a majority of pediatric casualties.

Implementation of pooled saliva tests for universal screening of cCMV infection.

Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the most common intrauterine infection, leading to neurodevelopmental disabilities. Universal newborn infant screening of cCMV has been increasingly advocated. In the absence of a high-throughput screening test, which can identify all infected newborn infants, the development of an accurate and efficient testing strategy has remained an ongoing challenge.

Changes in pediatric major trauma epidemiology, injury patterns, and outcome during COVID-19-associated lockdown.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated preventive measures such as national and regional lockdowns have dramatically changed the epidemiology of pediatric admissions to the emergency department. Nevertheless, there are scant data on the epidemiology and injury patterns of major pediatric trauma injuries during these lockdown periods.

Methods: A single-center retrospective study of data obtained from a tertiary level 1 trauma hospital trauma registry.

Plasma Progastrin-Releasing Peptide and Chromogranin A Assays for Diagnosing and Monitoring Lung Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Brief Report.

Introduction: The use of chromogranin A (CGA) as a circulating biomarker in lung carcinoids (LCs) is limited by low specificity and sensitivity. This study aimed to evaluate plasma progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRPp) as an alternative to plasma CGA (CGAp), for the diagnosis and follow-up of LC.

Methods: ProGRPp and CGAp concentrations were measured in 107 patients with LC and 105 patients with benign lung disease (BLD).

[CASE SERIES OF EARLY NEUROIMAGING IN PATIENTS WITH VASCULAR RISK FACTORS AND ISOLATED SIX CRANIAL NERVE PALSY, DEMONSTRATING THE DILEMMA OF EARLY IMAGING].

Introduction: There are various etiologies for isolated third, fourth and sixth cranial nerve palsies. The most common etiology in adults aged 50 years and older with vascular risk factors such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hyperlipidemia, is microvascular ischemia. The role of early neuroimaging in older patients with vascular risk factors presenting with acute isolated ocular motor nerve palsy is controversial.

Thyroid Hormones and Morphological Features of Primary Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: Many experimental studies have suggested the importance of thyroid hormones in breast cancer (BC) morphogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of thyroid hormone levels in serum of patients with primary BC with morphological presentations of the disease in pathological specimens and prognosis.

Patients And Methods: We measured the serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4), along with serum thymidine kinase 1 activity and examined their relation to pathological features and prognosis of 158 patients with primary BC.

Predictors of Developmental and Respiratory Outcomes Among Preterm Infants With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

To examine the importance of perinatal and postnatal environmental factors on developmental and respiratory outcomes among preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Preterm infants (<32 weeks of gestation) born at a single tertiary medical center between 2012 and 2015 were included. Development was assessed at 12 months corrected age.

Explant Modeling of the Immune Environment of Head and Neck Cancer.

Patients exhibit distinct responses to immunotherapies that are thought to be linked to their tumor immune environment. However, wide variations in outcomes are also observed in patients with matched baseline tumor environments, indicating that the biological response to treatment is not currently predictable using a snapshot analysis. To investigate the relationship between the immune environment of tumors and the biological response to immunotherapies, we characterized four murine head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) models on two genetic backgrounds.

A platform for locoregional T-cell immunotherapy to control HNSCC recurrence following tumor resection.

Surgical resection of head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with high rates of local and distant recurrence, partially mitigated by adjuvant therapy. A pre-existing immune response in the patient's tumor is associated with better outcomes following treatment with conventional therapies, but improved options are needed for patients with poor anti-tumor immunity. We hypothesized that local delivery of tumor antigen-specific T-cells into the resection cavity following surgery would direct T-cells to residual antigens in the margins and draining lymphatics and present a platform for T-cell-targeted immunotherapy.

Identification of resistance pathways and therapeutic targets in relapsed multiple myeloma patients through single-cell sequencing.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic plasma-cell disorder characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells. Despite extensive research, disease heterogeneity within and between treatment-resistant patients is poorly characterized. In the present study, we conduct a prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical trial (NCT04065789), combined with longitudinal single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) to study the molecular dynamics of MM resistance mechanisms.

The efficacy of a protective protocol for oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures in a COVID-19 pandemic area-results from 1471 patients.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of an empiric protection protocol during oral surgical treatments in a COVID-19 pandemic area and to evaluate the potential effect of postponed dental procedures on the frequency of facial infections during a lockdown period.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of a case series of a broad-spectrum of oral surgeries in a COVID-19 pandemic area. Data collection included patient age, type of procedure performed, and COVID-19 status of staff and patients.

Elevated Free Triiodothyronine Is Associated With Increased Proliferative Activity in Triple-negative Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: Thyroid hormones (THs) stimulate breast cancer (BC) cell proliferation. We hypothesized that these hormones and the proliferative marker thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) represent the initial and final steps of the proliferative pathway, respectively.

Patients And Methods: We measured the serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4), along with serum TK1 activity, in 144 newly diagnosed BC patients, and examined the associations between THs and proliferation in different BC receptor profiles.

The use of bacterial DNA from saliva for the detection of GAS pharyngitis.

Background: Acute tonsillitis is a very common medical condition. Despite different methods of detection, all tests are based on GAS sampling using a throat swab. However, obtaining the swab can elicit vomiting and is often accompanied by fear and apprehension in children.

Thyroid Hormones, Silencing Mediator for Retinoid and Thyroid Receptors and Prognosis in Primary Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: Silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid receptors (SMRT) is a nuclear corepressor in thyroid and estrogen hormones pathways. The aim was to evaluate SMRT expression in relation to thyroid hormone levels and prognostic markers in breast cancer (BC).

Patients And Methods: Serum and tumor tissues were obtained from 36 patients with benign breast disease (BBD) and 79 BC patients.

Pediatricians as Case Managers Reduce the Exposure to Computerized Tomography in Children Experiencing Minor Head Trauma.

Background: Head trauma is one of the most common reasons for pediatric emergency medicine department (PED) visits. Computerized tomography (CT) scan is considered the criterion standard for the diagnosis of traumatic brain injury but was shown to increases the risk of malignancies.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed collected data of all children (ages 0-16 years) experiencing mild head trauma who were admitted to a single center, from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2015.

Using Preclinical Data to Design Combination Clinical Trials of Radiation Therapy and Immunotherapy.

Immunotherapies are rapidly entering the clinic as approved treatments for diverse cancer pathologies. Radiation therapy is an integral partner in cancer therapy, commonly as part of complicated multimodality approaches that optimize patient outcomes. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that the success of radiation therapy in tumor control is due in part to immune mechanisms, and that outcomes following radiation therapy can be improved through combination with a range of immunotherapies.

Ixazomib-based regimens for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: are real-world data compatible with clinical trial outcomes? A multi-site Israeli registry study.

Ixazomib, the first oral proteasome inhibitor (PI), has been approved for the treatment of relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone, based on the TOURMALINE-MM1 phase 3 trial, which demonstrated the efficacy and safety of this all-oral triplet, compared with lenalidomide-dexamethasone. However, clinical trial outcomes do not always translate into real-world outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of ixazomib-based combination for treatment of patients with RRMM in a real-world setting.

Musculoskeletal disorders among dental hygienist and students of dental hygiene.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to present an up-to-date report on the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints in dental hygienists and dental hygiene students in Israel. It examined the areas of the body that were most frequently affected and the intensity of pain in both groups. The possible differences between groups and the likelihood that musculoskeletal symptoms in students can be attributed to their workload.

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Contemporary Pediatric Experience.

Background: Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a significant cause for complicated acute kidney injury. In Western countries, >90% of HUS are Shiga toxin Escherichia coli (STEC) associated.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of all Israeli children diagnosed with HUS in 4 major medical centers in Israel during 1999-2016.

Perceived Sensitivity to Pain and Responsiveness to Non-noxious Sensation in Substance Use Disorder.

Objective: This comparative cross-sectional study aimed to characterize individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) in self-perception of pain sensitivity, experimental auditory aversiveness, and non-noxious sensory responsiveness, as well as examine the associations with SUD.

Methods: Therapeutic community (TC) individuals with SUD (N = 63, male 88.9%) and healthy controls (N = 60, male 86.

[THE DOCTOR IN THE DIGITAL AGE - COMPETENCIES NEEDED AND A ROAD MAP FOR THEIR ACHIEVEMENT].

The digital age has profoundly transformed our lives, including health and healthcare. The computer, the smart cellphone, digital communication, social networks, applications, the Electronic Medical Record, web-based medical knowledge availability, tele-medicine and a host of additional tools progress rapidly and seem to leave physicians behind, while the public adapts them willingly. This article enumerates the characteristics of the digital era in healthcare, Israel's leadership in health care application of information technology, the different domains of impact, additional competencies they mandate presently and, in the future, as well as associated ethical dilemmas.